Observetur : [ C ] = unspecified consonant • [ V ] = unspecified vowel • [ å ] = either /a/ or /o/ • intercons. or word-final [ w ] = either /o/ or /u/



::  First Leaves and Crowns... Nature Aroused  ::


ability, power —: {n} :— ladanc / dolonc
above, over —: {prep} :— biogi; gidios; gladhw; ming; h/caneb
accommodation (sg.) —: {n} :— (c/th)údech, (c/th)eudech
across —: {prep} :— cedw; fadhon; sýned; (d)iomog; nong; mindos(b)
act, function —: {v} :— (m)branno- / f/pranno-
actual, genuine, real —: {adj} :— iarant/ioront
add —: {v} :— cran(a)-
admit, grant —: {v} :— sarath- (serethi-)
advance, go forth, 'get anywhere' —: {v} :— podhro-
affect —: {v} :— minno-
after, since —: {prep} :— cnas; brûs; men-ach, -eb, -edh; (CV)meg; sunug
against —: {prep} :— mêb; iammog / iaug/ emgo; tor-onc, -od; chath(w)n; cl/lhuth; [feeling, not opposing] sunoth; podho; (m)blâth; lh/sabag
age  ~ {n} ~  nulunt/pont/ponth-VC
air —: {n} :— (n)gew(e)ch; wthwn; thamr(-Vth); huin, -(i)ådh; ha(n)thon; lhen(n)oth
along(side) —: {prep} :— hathna, hathon; cradhon; mindhob
among —: {prep} :— diur; polt / achiol, achdol; sar(-ad, -dh)
amount —: {n} :— (c,p)inthoC; palanc
anger, wrath —: {n} :— cuth(w)r, cûr
anymore —: {adv} :— áratlh; tl/dlôs
appear; seem —: {v} :— thachlo-; brwnglo-
apple —: {n} :— c/hod(o)n, -ach
approach, come near —: {v} :— dwthob-
arise, get up —: {v} :— iodio- / iudhlo-
arm —: {n} :— udub; (a)egi-d, -th
armour —: {n} :— tinchon(t)
around, about —: {prep} :— (C)oelth-ir, -or, -on; lh/(b)ladh-or, -ir
arrange —: {v} :— n/theged- / n/thogodh-; dl/tanchod- / concho-; io-/so(d)-nVchno-
arrive —: {v} :— cabro-; hanag-; m(e)nesto-; edio-; covodh-
arrow —: {n} :— (g)issog, (g)ithog; hath-Vn, -wn [fire arrows, shoot = d/(u)th-ossod-]
as, like —: {prep} :— fae; c/swdho
ascend, 'climb' —: {v} :— ialthå-
ask, inquire —: {v} :— iusto-; b/mincho-
at, during —: {prep} :— sangw / saw / sonåg
at, with —: {prep} :— (dy)ryn, rang(ha)
atop, on —: {prep} :— unud; såg; swn(w); fedheb; emionc; (AM?) du(u)b
attach, fasten —: {v} :— tronoph-; dogod-
attempt, try —: {v} :— mintho-, mentho-
attract —: {v} :— sen(g)ho- / swntho-; (C)ogin(no)-
Augmentative —: {suff} :— -oeth, -anguf/-ungof, -auth
avoid —: {v} :— ceng(h)o- / nengho-; iund(g)in-
back —: {adv vs. n} :— tadog, ta(w)ng; pr/dren(n)-r, -ur; (d,g)lummol; cindor; c/swnwst
bag —: {n} :— t/cr/rhunuf
baggage —: {n} :— (h/t)ondreg
bake: pastry —: {n} :— wnh-wch, -wsb; tlan(n)-afr, -ach; (g)offurth [-(e)th ~ Fi. -elma, -(nn)os]
ball, sphere —: {n} :— cadob; ienchod
ban —: {n} :— ugun / uthwn(c); (m)blonn-aC, -wC; mabag- +suff
bark, rind —: {n} :— plond / tlond; (f)eith-(o)r, -ob; cun(n)wth
barrel —: {n} :— cronch-ol/-on(d) [cr/pr/tr]
basket — {n} — than(n)-ag, -eg
bay, gulf —: {n} :— mangdon / manchon; cenw-ang, -eg, -es(t)
be able, can —: {v} :— (t)ommor-/(t)omro-; pyth(l,n,ro)-
be acceptable, be valid, 'do' —: {v} :— puinio-
be alert, stay awake —: {v} :— ibro-
be aware —: {v} :— d(i)ango-
be content, sated —: {v} :— cebro-
be forced, have no option but —: {v} :— me/mwnglo-
be visible, show (itself), seem —: {v} :— iadro-; pancho- / poncho-; iussan- / iwnwth- (ienethi-)
beach, shore —: {n} :— egoth ~ nugoth
beam, ray, shaft —: {n} :— neng / (o)nong; nich(ch)yn; athoph/wst-oph, -on
bean; kidney —: {n} :— iwn(th)asg / thonnug / (t)omphon / (p)undl(VC) / (t)ungr-ob, -Vth
beard —: {n} :— padh-gi, -(n)a-v, -th; eidhiod; trom(m)odh
beast —: {n} :— gauf/-(g)of; hodof/ho(n)thof; cador, codor/n
beat —: {v} :— ig-, ichno-; hVdang(o)-, hVthang(o)-; (batter; forge) cwnaglo-, cwnaetho-; cl/pleng(r)o-
beat against —: {v} :— oncho-; (C)atham-/(C)ethem-
beautiful  — (adj) —  sanardh; nhogont
become, change  — (v) —  on-/eni-; c/pedebi-
before; in front of  — (prep) —  iun-wd, -ed; muif
behind —: {prep} :— huren; e/idog; nhVngro, nhagod; (n)g/såth-oc, -og, -ol; (V,CV)dreth; senna(e)g/d/dh; neng-år, -wn; clVs(s)
believe; listen, obey —: {v} :—: (s)iultho- / soltho-
belong —: {v} :—: lhidio- / i/Vndlo-
belt —: {n} :—: tonåsg; cing(C)ol / ciwth-(n)ol, -on
bend —: {v} :—: n(d)uvgo-, n(d)augo-
berry —: {n} :—: lhann/dlann; codhbod/codh-ob, -on
beside, next to — {prep} — dleber; c#251;th; caun; (t)nem(m)eg; tlwnn
best — {adj} — tnonched
between —: {prep} :— claw, cledhw; a/iphiad; iegen/ieneg; odron; c/pådws; hwdhob/n; (n)anch-id, -a
beyond — {prep} — salch-; ia/iudhon, ia/iunthon, ianath
big, large —: {adj} :— abon / athon; huthol / luthol
bite (on) —: {v tr} :— (n)hogtho-, (n)huitho-
bite (like frost) —: {v} :— cr/trindrå-; b/machrå- / (rh)ugroth(lå)-
black, swarthy —: {adj} :— athach, assach; t/thwmph-od, -ol, -or; ung-of, -ol
bless —: {v} :— iontho-
blockage, hindrance —: {n} :— begol / negonn-VC; ca/cissanc / (h)ussant
blood —: {n} :— ton-od, -odh; gå/gwthon
board (wooden) —: {n} :— (d)unthog; uchod; (t)lanc
boat —: {n} :— wmranc; odhof; gwisg, -ob
body —: {n} :— brem(m) ~ drenn/ng; iondrad / iost-on; (h)ontheg; nofnåg, nuog; sonch-r, -d / atha(g)
boil, cook —: {v} :— lh/tlu(m)brå-
bone —: {n} :— ha/hodhonc, (r)athonc
book, scroll —: {n} :— p/felda; huforog / thof(u)ron; naltho(C); ei(w)g / fethrVg
both —: {pn} :— nint; (n)agon(n); thevain; Vng-ly(C), -thyn
bottom (level); underside —: {n} :— zag-al, -il; c/gathog; c/gathged
bow (for archery) —: {n} :— (f)enthong / (f)ethong / idhlong / pidh(o)l
box —: {n} :— cunchol, cunthol; dranol; hwstan(d)
branch — {n} — eg-ed, edeg; cidien; ganheb/s; thanc, than(d)ach; onthag; hanoth
bread, loaf — {n} — ad(g)ob/adhab; banarch; (h,s)årthod; h/g(r)/trwphon / h/c/tophnan(c)
breast —: {n} :— tavach; teianab; thVrond; iagar/iogor
breathe —: {v} :— engho-/eupho-; (c,hw)Vstaucho-; ciniph-, cintho-; hunuithå- / Vchnaethå-
breeze (slight, summery) — {n} — fone/Vth
bridge —: {n} :— m(b)wnc, m(b)wnnog; blennu; glasdol; nanghad; aθθin(d), aethin(d)
bright —: {adj} :— emros; (d)ugoth-/(d)ugod-un (&c.)
bring —: {v} :— nVnvo-, nVnwf-; ideg- / hidhVg-
broad, vast — {adj} — mirched; tu(m)bod
brook, stream — {nn} — flond, thlond
bucket vs. well —: {n} :— pinthon
build, construct — {v} — l/n/to(n)dro-; ummug- (ymmygi-); d/ton-
building (result); house — {n} — d/tonolt
bundle (of sticks) — {n} — c/hodhr(a-)
burn —: {v} :— cistro-; u(n)choth-, -ro-; rhuthro-/rhudhuf-
bury —: {v} :— nencho-; gisto-/(VC)gosto-
bush —: {n} :— (in)dras(s), ithias; iodhonc, iothonc
but —: {conj} :— (d,g)umo, (d,g)uinio
by, past, through —: {prep} :— gineg, gyneg
by, using —: {prep} :— (un)gio; dâ / tang / (w)thon; (m,th)eisiob
by, passing —: {prep} :— cemeb; drang; prant, prent
call, name —: {v} :— iango-; po(n)thol-; wdrab-; cengo-
capture, seize —: {v} :— th/tondro-; t/thran(o)-
care, mind about —: {v} :— pwndro-
carry, bring —: {v} :— egoth-; ioncho-; trello-; (h)onthov-; tovog-; (d)undlo-
cart, wagon —: {n} :— cranch-od, pe/pwnch-od, -olt, -ost
cast —: {v} :— posbo-, posto-; untho-
catch; make stay —: {v} :— nangro-; pach(o)-/poch(o)-
cauldron —: {n} :— pwdhwng / pu(nu)nc; ginthå(n)g; u(nh)ianc
cause, make happen —: {v} :— suncho-/suntho-/(c)iantho-; cingo-; dondro- / (-o)drov-/(-o)dryv-; pavan/dh-, peven/dhi-
cave —: {n} :— ogind / onghath; uph(n)ech / unech
chair, seat —: {n} :— abech-CV(C); thundras(t); (r)ucho-s(b), -th, (-dh)
change, alter —: {v} :— clesto-, cnesto-; nodog-/nedegi-; (d)iarcho-; trontha-
chariot —: {n} :— (b,f,t)ronoph
chase —: {v} :— lisdo-
choose —: {v} :— iath-lo/ro-; athrav-; conob/v-; rhonno-; gondlo- / gudhlo-
chop wood, make logs —: {v} :— pondlo-; c/fochlo-
circle, ring —: {n} :— (n)ethil / (n)echol; iphog
city, town, fort —: {n} :— cemm-il, -ib; audig
claim —: {v} :— pirdho-; n/s/tanodh-
clean, wash —: {v} :— fochothro- / fodhothro- [insp. by FUgr. pukh-, CMaya pok-]
cleave —: {v} :— (h/c)ondr-ath-, -asto-
climb —: {v} :— iud- / yd-; (m)bronno-; m/pagodhro- / padhogro-; [vs. "to cross over"] f/pingo-
cloak —: {n} :— iunub; tassag
close, shut —: {v} :— g/m/pentho-; ianag-/iancho-/mVncho-/mVngo-/midhno-/udug,b-
closet —: {n} :— mi(n)chod
clothing: piece of clothing —: {n} :— madhab; hwostod / ciostod / cwostod / hophas
cloud —: {n} :— hudwuph, huthon; thofn; pem(b); wmiun / o(m)phwd u(i)diog / iogon, ionanc
coat, jacket —: {n} :— (h/c)unhwth; thassog
cold —: {adj} :— lanchol / angh-ad/dh, -od, -os; (h)athan/(h)athna-; cådhr-eg, sodhr-og; udrach/uthrach
collide (not refl.) —: {v} :— passath(ro)-, panath-; (nh)wsgod-
colour —: {n} :— ganad/dh; ithon; meled/dh; c/iadhab; engid / enchid
come —: {v} :— odh- / dontho-; cidh(o)-, ciuo-; idlo- / dlwb-; (d,i)asto-; (t)uinio-
come off, become loose —: {v} :— athoch-; nha-/nu-/pw-gasdo-
compel, force —: {v} :— odhob-
compose (verse, music) —: {v} :— gen(-go-, -tho)- / drå(n)ganno-
compress, press —: {v} :— hedhio-
condition, status —: {n} :— ieched
Conditional —: {suff} :— -inwe-; -anwo-; -ethe, -wthw
consider, ponder about —: {v} :— tiasso-
consume; devour —: {v} :— (c,h)ondro-; nVnghethro-/nwnghothro-; (eat =) lathag-, lethegi-
contain —: {v} :— baupho-; munth-o(b)-, -ib-; (intr, be contained) colpho- : hence #bauph nn. content(s) ?
continue —: {v} :— ianath(Co)-; mindro- / mimro-; lhånåd/dh- (lhened/dhi-)
control —: {v} :— medni(o)- (if not AM : #M-Z-N ?)
cook —: {v} :— rhod-vo-, -lo-; travlo-; (s,th)obod(Co)-
copper, bronze —: {n} :— un(ch)wb; madhanc / bladhanc; t/themm-en, -in
cord, string —: {n} :— h/sirth, -ag; mwndr, -os
corner —: {n} :— penn-ach, -ub
cost —: {v} :— dymb/dyndrå-; ladhag-/ledhegi-; (d/gws)solthå-
cot, stall —: {n} :— unwb; grad-af, -as
cough —: {n} :— (h,c)iathoch / w(m)photh
council —: {n} :— ianch-in, -oC
count —: {v} :— m/p(e)lesto-; (fr,s)adab-; cosd(r)o-
cove —: {n} :— glont
cover, roof over —: {v} :— (c/h)euthå-; nentho-
create —: {v} :— pedhen-/cadhan-; nhagno-
creep, move stealthily —: {v} :— utlhobrå-, wgwbrå-; lhothVg(Cå)-
cross —: {n} :— b/men-og, -och, -os
cross, move across —: {v tr} :— (C)lonoth-
crown —: {n} :— [garland] omphar; ma/mVngas; [pate] conoth; um(m)eng
crystal —: {n} :— thinich, t/thinchon; igoth, inchoth
cup —: {n} :— gov-eg, -og; wnth-eg, -og; [pinchod]
cut —: {v} :— wrcho-; t(r)/thelpho-
cut off; pick —: {v} :— uithar-
danger, risk —: {n} :— obod / ubud; unnaw/unthaw
dark —: {adj} :— usswg, usgin(d)
dawn, dusk —: {n} :— migl, mingwl, meng(o)l
Dative, Dynamic, Lative —: {suff} :— -aidh, -eidha
day —: {n} :— bronna; (ia)thand, (ia)thonn, iasd; cubun(d); bongos; thanåv
decide —: {v} :— c/gimro-; nalad/dh-; othon-, ossan-
deem, consider (to be) —: {v} :— nango-; iathno-; (h/c)arpho-; mwgon(no)-
deep —: {adj} :— iachr/iangr; uniof / m(b)unus(s-); ce/cy(n)thr-; uthånc; [pomp]
defeat —: {v} :— clwn(wd)-; ianoth-, ionoth-
depart, go away, come off —: {v} :— sangro-; inad/dh-
depth —: {n} :— tondul/tonnul; gwascVn(t)
descend —: {v} :— (m)brog-; cithno-, cithin-; tladhio-; cr/fr/trammab(o)-; cimmeb(i)-; de(ng)vad/th-
detach —: {v} :— pleth(Cå)-; (i)u(n)dång(r)å-; (c,th)ommab-
device —: {n} :— swlt; (g/h)olthan; gerthang; m/pengron; honoth/hongoth(n)a
devour —: {v} :— cwsgo-; nhwngro-; cwth(n)og- / conthog-
dig —: {v} :— ho(c)tho-; hasdantho-; midro-; h/thondro-; (r)aphag-/ruphug-/repheg(i)-; (fig., learn by arduous effort) tichdin-, tincho-
direct, -ly —: {adj, adv} :— hirod; crend; hudog / dog(-oph, -ost, -yn, -am)
direction, heading —: {n} :— tain, taen; (d)agr-od, -awl / drog- / androd; iarth, -od/-ws; p/thalch; mV/meg(o)n; obod/ubud
disappear, vanish, become lost —: {v} :— lamlo-; osso/Vb-; uidio-/uidho-; h(i)anthech-
dish, metallic vessel —: {n} :— ust, unchod
dissolve — {v} — (l)wdwb-, (l)ydybi-; ussub-; l/rathno-
distance —: {n} :— tlenarth / ienarth
distinguish —: {v} :— clenno-; ionango-
disturb —: {v} :— nadag- (nedegi-); (th)adbeg-; crommo-
divide, separate —: {v} :— frango-; dango-/dengo-
dodge —: {v} :— gan(n)ag- / gar(dh)ag-
doom, condemn, judge —: {v} :— poglo-, pogol-; n/(n)dindri/o-
door —: {n} :— gladhu / bladhon; s/cunch-on, -yn; (n)emgeb; cathan; c/hesson(t); tl/cwnoch; pufn
double —: {adj} :— mer-ed, -eg; (cr,rh)ovog
dream —: {n} :— penth-aC, -wC; avnadh, agnadh; godhwr; uthon
drink —: {v} :— glautho- ~ wda(n)g(lo)-; h,kadab-/h,kedeb(i)-; duglo-/udug-/ydyg(i)-
drop —: {v} :— cidro-; c/h/tandlo-; {nn} trwdl
drop down (intr) —: {v} :— glath(Co)-
dry (intr/tr) —: {v} :— (c,h)ephtho-, (c,h)eutho-, cedhog-
due to; for sake of —: {prep} :— gothof
dwell, live —: {v} :— miv(io)-; (c,th)ivdo-, (c,th)evdo-; cemmeb-, cemmo-
east —: {n} :— (elem.) candra- [tarcov / thanghon]
eat, dine —: {v} :— s/togro-; cwnlh(o)- / am(b)go-, angro-; [comedere?] (rh)ob-gov-
edge, brim —: {n} :— cordh; (n)aunc, nassod; tavag, taug
emit (etc.) —: {v} :— ior- / odhor-
empty —: {adj} :— fladh-; ce(n)dob / cethob; tlagus
encounter —: {v} :— tad/dh(Co)-; mondrå-; [face] emmeg- / em'heg-
end, conclusion —: {n} :— (r)ach-ed, -eb; (?n)geved
end up (in) —: {v} :— conog- (cenegi-); (n)ulpho-
endure, last —: {v} :— cinno-; miltho-
entangled: become ~ —: {v} :— (c,d)emphog-; iassag- / iasteg-
enter —: {v} :— (n)iachro-; dudro-; b/d/trancho-
entire —: {adj} :— ganav/dh; nammor
envelop, surround —: {v} :— ce(nd)leth-, ce(ne)lthå- / celchnå-; eugo- / eudo- / eutho-; pondlo-; pithno-
escape, flee —: {v} :— ethog-; lon-; nw-phuio-, -phunno-
establish —: {v} :— (ng)uthlå-
eve, -ning —: {n} :— paveg, paug, puog
event —: {n} :— teben(nVC)
every, each —: {adj} :— d/tlanc(ha,hi); mVdog; conof; cedhon
exceed —: {v} :— glonno-, glodhosto-
excess —: {n} :— tholonc; hanws(t); brwnc, brwlch; temegi, tammag, tafgon(d); gussub
exchange — {v} — ampheg-
exist —: {v} :— (m)bVn(no)-; lud(o)-/luth(o)-
explain —: {v} :— tom(m)og-/tem(m)eg-; cithven-
eye —: {n} :— megob, mogob; nwgwth / uthong; dendl-og, -on, den(d)wl
face —: {n} :— (g)renoth; cud(o)r, (n)gilw; [expression?] brigol
fair, just —: {adj} :— panath(-) / pa(n)th-
fall —: {v} :— tingo- / cingo-; medeb- / masbo-; cintho-, cindro-; meichio-; aphach-/pechen-/nephech-
fall over, come toppling down —: {v intr} :— nuntho-, nunho-
fall upon, come cover, arise over —: {v intr} :— b/(n)dalthro-; nennog-
family —: {n} :— iast-an, -VC, iath-
far (away) —: {adv} :— ionth-wl, -wn; dolion, dolthon; iwb(u)r-
fare, go —: {v} :— t/drenno-
fasten, attach —: {v} :— lhunodh/th-; f/todhog- / ugun(o)-
fat, grease —: {n} :— emgun [not L3?]; tunwg, tunwf; eigif
fate —: {n} :— ammad; ediath
feather —: {n} :— posbåf; cuif / cuim / thuif; monhof
feel (with hand) —: {v} :— iasto-; sadro-; edeb- / seneb-; (also 'to sense') ialtho-; uvach-; (feel like sth) tlasso-
fence, wall —: {n} :— padog/punthwg; uthon(c)/uith-on, -om
fence, wall (in, out) —: {v} :— (g)uncho-; pedegi-/pynthygi-
fill (up) —: {v} :— hu/hyrthå-; c/tnesto-
find —: {v} :— onwb-; thindlo-; iodhog-
find out —: {v} :— (h,th)agith(Co)-
finger —: {n} :— TENG-; e/ilphen; pradob / braf / brelo(f); banVph; hepheg/ch, (h)achro-; cenheg; ebelt
fir, spruce — {n} — ochoth
fire; fire-on-log, bonfire —: {n} :— thar-aes / par-aes / -asg
fireplace —: {n} :— nun(n)ith, nunchid; o(n)chan(t) / thunwnc / cudhwng-CV(C); (c/p)unthobr
firm, rigid —: {adj} :— igist, igith; brag(ws) / fenegob
firstness, eminence —: (n) :— pamm-/pamb-; brû; DAN-AT ('first')
fish; maritime animal —: {n} :— lhwn-oth, -uth; odog/udug
fish —: {n} :— avonc/wthlon(c); (lhwd-)eug / egud/dh; (lhw)dog(o)l / gwwdloC
fist, hand (closed) —: {n} :— palVg/patlhVg / othob; eithor
fit, go (in); be acceptable —: {v} :— hwnwch- / soncho-; idhro-; cissad/n-, cVstad-; ienech-; (tr/caus: try on, try to make fit) mundro-
flag —: {n} :— cathan; arthob; codorph; huthVnc; (banner) honchis, honth-w, -of
flame —: {n} :— (g)/pwdhwr; pranåg; (c)i/(c)ussodhr
flee —: {v} :— n(g)ellå- / n(g)elthå-; (n)dyrcho- / (n)drycho-
flesh, meat — {n} — (r)wnchwg
flip (over) — {v} — pranno- / prenno-; nal(ch)ad/dh-
float —: {v} :— iudwg-, iudungo- / iov(od)-, iobeth-
flood —: {n/v} :— amhwl/amphwl; girchos/girthos [(g)ubod-]
flow —: {v} :— cedlå- / cudlå-; si/solchnå-; ?iath-
fog, mist —: {n} :— glunth-VC; iasg; (h-, s-)udhob; mwgon(t) / mwngor
follow —: {v} :— mang(r)o-; ig-; lhwdhan-, lhuntho-; c/panag- (c/penegi-)
food —: {n} :— han(n)os, -t; íad
foot —: {n} :— ogomp; ciwod; ossont / ogws(t); mabåg [CL?]; cauthi/acha-s, -th; adanc, Vthonc
for, purposed to —: {prep} :— g/cy(n)da
ford; wading —: {n} :— tuth(w)l
forest —: {n} :— (pe)hedhog; s/thadaph; manchws; pral(C)oth / pran(C)ath; (rh)unneph; em(m)eg
forest-covering; hairy growth —: {n} :— (c)a/(c)edhionc
forgive —: {v} :— s/hodoth-ro-, -no-
form, shape —: {n} :— yssil
fort —: {n} :— (cn,tn)ebeg
forward ~, precede —: {adv} :— (m)breng / preng
forward: come/step ~, precede —: {v} :— hod(o)- / hothno-
found, establish —: {v} :— mendro- / bwndro-; tultho(CCo)-
foundation, 'root' —: {n} :— tulth(-VC); pandl-on(t), -od(h)
fount —: {n} :— can(h)ech; [source] pudr-ef, -of; lhimmeg
fractional part, piece —: {n} :— serth; gimmed; (n)dli-log, -lch
free —: {adj} :— nuchon/nungon; ch/habag; (i)wdof
freeze —: {v} :— agdab/v-; (g,h)uphech-do/ro- [e/a]
fresh —: {adj} :— guthla- / gunang/nc; ?(s)ynthob; lhangno / lhungno
from —: {prep} :— (l)int / lwnt; (C)ynny
front —: {n} :— (l,nh,th)egev; luith; neng-(u), -il; mura(n)g; pethev
frost, frozenness; north —: {n} :— cnadhor, cnarthob; [north] pych-in, -iu(v), puichiau(n)
fruit —: {n} :— (th)ogr-os, -oth
frying-iron —: {n} :— lhudost, lhunossVg
gallop, run (of horses) — {v} — mwgwb-
gape, remain open —: {v} :— mangro-; gusso(n)g(o)-, tasto(n)g(o)-; hofno- / hoglonno-
gard, -en —: {n} :— bonos(t); nhethog; man/mendil
gate —: {n} :— rhwnc; (c/h)asdanc; (m)b/padl; nu(n)thr, -aC / cirnong; huthnång / thwnang / t(h)odhla-
gather, collect —: {v tr} :— nudolthå-
get going, start off; put into motion —: {v} :— iultho- / ioncho-
get swh, reach —: {v tr} :— o/udhio-; min(n)id-; gwibio-
give —: {v tr} :— (i)ultho-
give up, relinquish —: {v tr} :— osbo-
give way (e.g. like a pillow) —: {v} :— drith(o)-; saglo-
glad —: {adj} :— f/thradol
glint, spark —: {n} :— gist; Vgon(t); Cedeg, Cinthang
gnaw, nibble —: {v} :— (c)adhoch-; gircho/tho-; gingro-
go —: {v} :— h/lodh-, l/rhVsto-; (n)d/tal-; ia/intho-; (lead) namphad-, nassad/n-
go around (avoid or encircle) —: {v} :— iathro-; (C)ubondro-
go or skim through (items) —: {v} :— (o)hongo-, honongo-
goal, aim, destination —: {n} :— etheg
gold —: {n} :— (g)onoth; lamb(o)l; ang-od, ?-daw [#2 psb. = adj.]
good, agreeable —: {adj} :— iadhob/n / ienn(-)/iunn(-); pemm, -Vb
grab, seize —: {v} :— naltho-
grain —: {n} :— talc; cunuth / (r,C)onchoth
grant; admit (in mind, speech) —: {v} :— beldho-; sasto-; ubach-
graze, move on pasture(s) —: {v} :— t/thong-ro-, -lo-
green —: {adj} :— danor / thodor; (C)ophorch
ground —: {n} :— ceneb; denes; mefn; fodhon/s; plada
group, team —: {n} :— ath(a,e)n
grow; reproduce —: {v} :— midlo-, mintho-; sunnag-, sudal-; iarach- / tarchlo-; (m)br/prundlo-
gushing spring; waterfall —: {n} :— pathor, -am(b)
hair(s?) —: {n} :— tondr(-og, -yg); i/ygreng; necheth
half, side —: {n} :— glun(d)r, gludhur
hall —: {n} :— dathrånc/ng; unchath; (h)unthlwnc/ng
hallow, sacred —: {adj} :— dros(s)-
hammer —: {n} :— tae-, tach-thål [*taksal-]
hand —: {n} :— nag-on, -es; empheg; tleu(g) / glwd-ob, -og
handle —: {n} :— gadh(a)r
hang, depend —: {v} :— mu/mVndrå-/nadro-/nabro-; aphach-; ton(o)- / con(o)-
happen, occur —: {v} :— rhontho-; tin(n)ev-; hadrod-
harbour, port —: {n} :— ia/ionghas, ionthas
hard, rigid —: {adj} :— tang; igod / gistod
haste —: {n} :— idhwl; rhoss-ach, -och / ugroth
head —: {n} :— (c/g)adhog; cothwn
head (for), move into a direction —: {v} :— canab-; prenno-
healthy, well —: {adj} :— nosswn/nothor; thobon (?)
hear —: {v} :— idhog- / iosto-; sanach-; seng(å,Cå)-
heart —: {n} :— (i)wgwd/n / iudwth
hearth —: {n} :— agadon; cothobrin
heat, hot —: {adj, n} :— mumm-, múb-; n(e)iath- / h/tadhiath-
heavy —: {adj} :— udomp
hen, "chicken" —: {n} :— (d)wnnog / prwn(n)om / poglonc
hide, conceal —: {vb} :— (g)iartho-
high —: {adj} :— d/tegron; gind / othond; odh(o)st / iug(o)st
hill, mound —: {n} :— gisg(en); iathod; pondro(C); tudio; (C)anchwd; nåmr(-V, -Vn); fono(f); t/thongr, -wn
hill(side), slope —: {n} :— iaeg; h/cineth; tofn / teun; ad-ag, -og
hinder — {v} — deugo-
hit; fall (on day X) — {v} — tugno-; mengo-; th/nagan-, th/nogon- (th/negeni-); canglo-
hold, own — {v} — teb-
hold aloft vs. endure, last — {v} — brengo-
hole, aperture, path through —: {n} :— ianad; prath-on, -Vl
home —: {n} :— adharch / ederch
horn —: {n} :— hanchoth / sanchoth
hour, moment —: {n} :— ub(u)n, ubud/dh
house — {n} — ben-eg, -ag
hurt; ?pierce —: {v} :— empho-
hound —: {n} :— adoth / ath(ch)o-
house —: {n} :— megen(d), mechos; benag
huge — {adj} — orth-og, -os; ofnos
hunder —: {num} :— lunub / lung; ta(n)thon
hunt, pursue —: {v} :— pu(i)n(i)wg-, punuitho-
hurt; ?pierce —: {v} :— empho-; cammed-/cathber-
hut, cot, barn —: {n} :— anoph
ice —: {n} :— (h)w/esgwdn; (m,p)enchodr; cr/trodoch; codos, (g)ussa(n)g
idea —: {n} :— pedvi; sobon / sonw
imagine —: {v} :— radhro-, randro-
immediately —: {adv} :— menog ~ mynost
impact —: {v} :— (n)gwthrå-
in addition to; additionally —: {prep/adv} :— ang(h)on / d/langhon
incline, slope, up-/down-hill —: {n} :— adoth; (s)athusc
increase —: {v} :— flontho-; the/thovnå-
inflect; ?bend —: {v} :— n/tr/prancho- / -ngh-; hethno-
inside, within —: {prep} :— cuib, gýb; na(ng)ub / (i)ewb [*-EMEP/?MEP]; hudae / hodol; (?basic prep+) podhog; ?s/t/thanuf
instance, time —: {n} :— cadeg / cunob; fudr-o, -au
interpret —: {v} :— ge/gidesto-
into —: {prep} :— thas; sal(t)/sul(t); [me(n)g]
invent, come up with —: {v} :— trono-
iron —: {n} :— badag/ch; emmeph; f/nossag; nu(n)thos; golog / dogob
island —: {n} :— i/nassod; ionthang / io(n)g-od, -oth; tondr, -ob; ubun(t)
jewel, gemstone —: {n} :— od(r)og / (n)wgon
journey, road —: {n} :— cend; donoth; s/tenev; lunus
judge, doom —: {v} :— (g)ammag-
juice —: {n} :— iammVdl, iannVdl; caphatlh, ceitlh
kick — {v} — torpho-
kill — {v} — athog-; padag-, pedegi-
knead — {v} — iadnag-, ianthal-
knock —: {v} :— (n)aethå-; (p)wg(Cå)-, (p)ochnå-
know, be aware of —: {v} :— ioth-; (recognize) migno-; sello-
lake —: {n} :— unust / donoth; ammang / imming; bodhwl
lamp —: {n} :— u(m)bwg, ubunc; e/ichoth / c/hathil; cim(o)r, cinthor
landscape —: {n} :— usdr-on, -oph
large —: {adj} :— gwsdon, dh/thunnon; dulth-; masb-; nanghol/nanchol
last, endure, "take" —: {v} :— ninglo-; pemmo-
launch; shoot —: {v} :— wbthog-; (c,h)ustil-; pa(n)drog-
layer, level — {n} — fen(n)eth; e/idheg / in(th)og
lead, graphite —: {n} :— fanach (AM?)
lead, take —: {v} :— blengo-; rod-; pidh-; iannå-; puv(o)-; ia(n)dlo-; (h/th)odr-o- [-ach = a tense-form?]
learn, study —: {v} :— ginthiv-; sonoch-; odh(v)ob- / dwmmon-
leave —: {v} :— (g)inthå-; pa/pwndro-
leg, foot —: {n} :— iodob/l/r, (t)ein(i)o
"letter", sealed message —: {n} :— amphin
libra, scales —: {n} :— p(a)engod/s; uich/uithiangod/s; giston
lick —: {v} :— tobodh-
lid —: {n} :— pulud/dh; (g)athleg; ifder, ifdor
lie (horizontally) —: {v} :— m/paugo-; m/nang(n)o-/nautho-; iorvo-, iaraf-; bonno-; therno-; iusgo-/(i)ossog-
lift, raise —: {v} :— APHAN-; a/idro-; hanth(a)- / can(aph)-; (c,h)wdio-
lightweight —: {adj} :— beneph(-) / heneph(-)
liquid (wine?) —: {n} :— ordhlob / (i)odlob / (i)udlwb / urdhlwb / (c,h)ardhleg; hwanh-od, -Vb
listen to —: {v} :— iarad/dh-, iarandlo-/iaranglo-; sadlo-
litre —: {n} :— par(r)ob / pwr(r)ob
long; tall —: {adj} :— ewg, emeg; sarth(wd); f/thaloth, thuil, -(i)o
look, have a look —: {v} :— dortho-; (m)bauro-; tanaph-/tampho-; daeg(i)o-, nh/seingio-
loosen, unfasten —: {v} :— bochro-; ialath- / ianag-
lose the way, stray —: {v} :— umphal-
lump of rock —: {n} :— goph-eg, -og
make —: {v} :— iosso-/iodh-/ydh-; pav(Co)-
manner, way, method —: {n} :— rodob; pewd; od-a, -og; beneb; logont, rhogont / lidhon(d)
many, several —: {adj} :— tunt; ladhon
mark, indicate (the border of) —: {v} :— n/thampho-; iammag- / iabath-lo-/-ro-
mast —: {n} :— soph-l, -of, -oth; (h)acod, (th)agod
matter, substance —: {n} :— archod / arthod; panc / ponog
matter, be important —: {v} :— casso-
may, might —: {v} :— nung-do-/-ro-
meadow —: {n} :— gungol / gadhlog; br/frilchroth; tauv-e(n)g, -os
mean, signify —: {v} :— prath-; c/grod- / trod-; (indicate) lussan- (lu/lysseni-); peuno-
means, way —: {n} :— (t)ichaw, (t)icho(th); danag / pineg
Means for X-ing —: {suff} :— -(w)ail/r, -rin(C)/-run(C)
meet, encounter —: {v} :— athav-; dran- (dreni-)
member, limb —: {n} :— gwassab; githr-os, -on
mercury; (natural) liquid metal —: {n} :— tunn(o)r/tun(n)-og, -od(h); naug/donthVg; audil/o(n)dil/onnil
middle, centre —: {n} :— (C)ophon; (d)reneg/(d)ronog
milk —: {n} :— tudho
mill; waterwheel —: {n} :— adhr-, angr-ath, -oth; ce/cwth(an)neg
mind —: {n} :— pathon; punn(-uf, -ul)
minery, mine —: {n} :— rh/hVgdang; fr/dragast; (CV)frong
miracle, wonder —: {n} :— blang; mingoth; dosban(d); sygil
"money" (eq.) —: {n} :— c/bindra
monitor, observe —: {v} :— edro-; ymphå- / menghå-
month —: {n} :— afchwd, a(e,n)chwd
mood, atmosphere —: {n} :— nawad/dh
Moon —: {pr n} :— Na/Nwg-ol, -oC; W(i)phiog, Óphien(c); Ch/Todwo(g), (T/N)audog, Týno(n)g
more, yet —: {adv} :— (c,h,l)eithåf; (g)wugof; calla-n, -d / cillå-n, -d
morning —: {n} :— deleg, denog
mountain —: {n} :— idil; anthog [(g)iast-Vf, -wl; begem / bem(b)-; (b,m)uigi-of, -os]
move —: {v tr} :— trwn-, trwndro-; mon(no)- (intr?) daltho- / ioltho-
move about —: {v intr} :— themro-, thavad-; wdwb-; nanadh-, nenethi-; (h)ophosto-; iwtho-; [water] ustol(dho)-
much, a lot —: {adv} :— nuig/nuin-ief, -w(f); nh/noss-ed, -ef / onchVd; (C)unghor; s/tanth-wf, -os
mushroom —: {n} :— f/panag; (g/h)onhach / (g/h)othach
nail —: {n} :— cothang, co(n)than; pachni/nV; uphas; (fingernail, claw) (m)brong
naked —: {adj} :— chwad(o)l; g/minhol
name —: {n} :— garad / gardh / gVnVd; pant/pan(V)d
nature —: {n} :— (g)ud-eg, -ug
near —: {prep} :— ciadho, cydho
neck —: {n} :— pinil / then-el, -ub
needle; prickle —: {n} :— agas(t)/agath; catlhag
nest —: {n} :— (br,tr)umbol; tudhol / d/turthol
net, web —: {n} :— gwaes/gwa(m)phos, gwanaph; harthws / ranthws
next to, beside —: {prep} :— nang; ol(i)eb; selen(n)/saeg; ieneb/dh/th; talw(d); lhwnni; iana(dh), iôg, ýg; (n)glau
night —: {n} :— (n)gemb; panaph/pidhaph
nightfall —: {n} :— ungh-end, -aew
nine —: {num} :— teveg, teug / canodh / (m,s)wndog
north —: {n} :— ludhang / lammang; uionc; cundor, cwdrang; ad-/ath-vang
now —: {adv} :— cedhw, ciw(n); ben-er, -or
number —: {n} :— ýg; angh-od ~ anch-os; cinthol
nut; pine-cone —: {n} :— adr(w-) / (h)obthor / othwrch / Vphoch, Vphgon
oak vs. willow —: {n} :— t/pan(h)odh
obey, follow, parallel —: {v} :— pampho-, pantho-
ocean, sea —: {n} :— canghos; l/lhugus(t); usben; tundlug, sanallug
old —: {adj} :— ming; (in use) swng; pråm(m); (antiquated) ginthan(d)
on, atop —: {prep} :— thwg(o)r, rhâb, rhåss; lhan- / nhagon / nhegif; iodr, ioch, io(n)g-ed, -wd/dh; puinio; g(w)nof, nuvu-ch, -d; ('up swh') cíb
one — {num, adj} — (c)aud, cwaud; aub / iôf
ooze, unsolid matter — {n} — iagodh, iagudh, iathaf/n
opening — {n} — ceneg; eges(s-)
oppose, resist — {v} — dasto-; drVgio-
opposite from, facing, against — {prep} — masg/massVg (mesgi/y-)
option, alternative — {n} — d/tobon / mobon
outside (of) — {prep} — rhan(C), cren(d), crae-g, -l, croe; mraw/mrof
own, possess —: {v} :— canoch-; luntho-, luncho-
page —: {n} :— h/caeph / afchod / e(i)phias; (s)Vichod/s/th
pair, duo —: {n} :— mabig, ?mebi(n)c; teub
paper —: {n} :— u(ch)chVth, hadonch-a(e)/i, odoch; åchås(t), -th-
parchment —: {n} :— c/ha(n)dob; fun(th)wch
pass —: {n} :— n/handros
pass by, move past —: {v} :— (c/h/s)adothro-; cissudo-
pass; pierce —: {v} :— edub-, ethub-; tlidro-
passageway, corridor —: {n} :— sanath (pl. senaith)
past, by  — (prep) —  finuf; gilt; odui; saeg, saog; tlun(n)
pasture, plains —: {n} :— mynyb; c/gin(ia)thon; tidrån(c)/ng
path —: {n} :— cadhan / danast; trunn-on, -wf
pauper, beggar —: {n} :— eiv-on, -ion
pay —: {v} :— (b,f,c)rantho-
peace —: {n} :— san-anc, -ang; aglan / aena(f)
peak —: {n} :— huin / hûn; lon(n)as
pearl —: {n} :— V(n)chol; bammon / bachl(-on, -odh) / gummon [mm/mb]; uich-na, -(n)ang
pick up —: {v} :— wdob-
piece, part —: {n} :— ian-ag, -eg; unum
piece of wood —: {n} :— untlho; hudug; polch
[pier, dock (also "-ness") —: {n} :— can(th)wdh (not an AM/CL word, as k(-d)-n-dh?)] = d/nunc ?
pierce, pass through —: {v} :— lhon(no)-; a/issag-; lanadh-; [iogob-;] (tr)athlo-; rontho-
piercing, perforation, hole —: {n} :— côth / cunhoth
pile, stack —: {n} :— h/fun-oth, -onc, feon
pile up —: {v} :— c/hathob-, c/hadhongo-; odhor-
pipe —: {n} :— (lh-, (n)dr-)on(n)oth
place —: {n} :— gidhor; iand; milt; (g/l)anab, antheb; adast; goss-ev, -ov; oedhol/uidhol; na(mma)nc; ianna
plain —: {n} :— iust(ol); (t,C)ingolt
plant, growing thing —: {n} :— unhag / unthes / ussor / ussodh
plant —: {v} :— clendro-; nhVbrango-; mabro-/ma(n)ch(r)o-; [cVnoth-]
platform / any smaller area or surface for other things —: {n} :— lalech / la(m)bech
play —: {v} :— oth(g)on-, oth(Vn)no-; (m)brev-, (m)brongvo-; t(o)rongo-; udib-
pocket —: {n} :— dran-wg, -wth
point (tow. sth.) —: {v} :— bosto- / gi/niasto-
pool —: {n} :— neuth, neveth; gathlwb / tlanch-wn (-or, -os); ninthog
portion, share, lot —: {n} :— gr/tranech
Possessive Endings (1sg. -> 3pl.) —: {sff} :— ...; ...; ...; ...; ...; -(l)anthib/-(l)enthin (implying many)
pour —: {v} :— senglo- / thenglo-; pidhil- / podhlo- (i/o/u)
power —: {n} :— hunuth, hunath; ?giss-od, -åth
"practice", real action —: {n} :— s/thindr-aes; (l)wnnor
pray —: {v} :— tontho- / nhontho- [tontho- might also mean "grapple with an illness"]
prepare —: {v} :— ledro-; cuinith(C)o-, cynyth(i)-
[ preserve, store —: {v} :— melphå- / milphå- ]
press, weigh —: {v} :— segen-; nengheb,d-/nemeng(r)o-/nedro-/nemechro-; (c)ådrag-/(c)ådra(n)cho-; (h)å(n)thov- / ynthov-
pressure —: {n} :— cedh-es, -wb; cothnod, conthod
price, ransom —: {n} :— ci(do)rth; (h)ionanc
proceed —: {v} :— ad-, edio-; (m)bronno-
Prolative/Dynamic (in prep-s only?) —: {suff} :— -awn, -ódhån, -aen
promise, swear —: {v} :— (a)mVng(w)o- / iach-no/ro- / cnaetho- / cadoch(Co)-
puff, breezelet —: {n} :— uphed / uphenc/t
pull, draw — {v} — t(i)ridh-; naltho-; iadhag- / (h)uthiag- / euthag-
pursue — {v} — ialtho-; lwdwb- (ledebi-)
push, shove —: {v} :— bonob- / blon(no)- / bloncho-; (i)edeg-; emlo-; cethio-/ceutho-
put, place — {v} — emro- / n/tengro-; ig-; sogon-; (h,th,dh)wrtho-
quiet / silent —: {adj} :— r/thinrod/dh; rad-er, -or
rain — {n} — c/nang(h)ad; podhor; thwnol; (of hail) cadh-ant, -egr
rain heavily; snow heavily —: {v} :— (b)lodho-, lodho(n)g(o)-; guntha/Vl-; tungro-
raven —: {n} :— drogor / rhogor
reach (for?), attain —: {v} :— elob- / cu(n)nad-; penio-; sanach-; ian(n)ath- / ialtho- / iltho-; podol- (pedelio-); [up to] nefno-, nifno-
ready —: {adj} :— mwlph / mon(ch)wb
reason, cause —: {n} :— dûg / (t)un(n)ug
receive —: {v} :— nagan(tho)-; trundro-
reed; tall stalk — (n) — uth-eb, -och; [canach]
refuse —: {v} :— ossog-
region, area —: {n} :— edwol
release —: {v} :— udlad-; nangho-; t/thenghed(i)-
relinquish, turn over —: {v} :— bundlå- / mundlå-
remain (left) —: {v} :— fuino-; (m)b/dlath(o)-; uigo-; re(i)chi(o)-; (m)bev- / mev-; gontho-, unghon(tho)-
remain, stand still —: {v} :— gasgo-; miudo-
remember —: {v} :— (ton/og)oth- / (ton/og)eth-eg
remove —: {v} :— cel(ae,an)thå-
repeat —: {v} :— unclo-; (s)uthlo-; pa/madanthi/o-; mingad-/minchad-
replace —: {v} :— poltho-, ponoth(Co)-
rest —: {v intr} :— (g)athno-; (m)bong(r)o-
restore —: {v} :— cindro-; ammag-/abag-
Result Noun —: {suff} :— -anc, -wnc
return —: {v} :— ma/midhwb-; gadhav- / gedhemmi- / dVgemmo- / dummo-; mwng-do-, -ro-
right vs. being in the right —: {n} :— peub, peob
ring —: {n} :— (be,me,the)nelch; tongof
rise, tower —: {v} :— (g)istov-
river —: {n} :— enalt, enethlo(C); gin(d)iol; nung
road —: {n} :— bedeg; ponnog; davanc; måssanc/ng; gedheb; gyniog; (wide) palthon
roll, come down (e.g. rocks) —: {v} :— c/h/padro- / -dhr-; pogodh-
roof —: {n} :— adarch/athorch; iged / ichVnt; pados(t); tundroC; muchwn/mogon(n); t(e)neng
room —: {n} :— gil(i)oth; (spaciness) sonc, son(o)g
root —: {n} :— (g/h)iubas; m/pingas(t), m/pVngas(t)
rope —: {n} :— cadast / cud-ust, -uph; sanlli
route — {n} — preCon; iemon; ultheg
row of sharp rocks (also underwater) —: {n} :— ralch / rhalch(-wb, -ui(C), -odh)
rub —: {v} :— corob- / oroth-; nethoch(Co)-
ruin, mar —: {v} :— unchl(aeC)o-
rule, statute —: {n} :— myn(n)ang
run low, not suffice —: {v intr} :— (C)ibag-; nhath(o)-; saugo-
sack —: {n} :— cing(h)od; urthed
sail —: {n} :— nuphud; hwathiob / hwadhoph; {vb} mangro-; thonog- / tonnag-; (i)uchodlo-
same — {root} — GEN-
sand —: {n} :— (s)ach-ath, -as; faeth(CV) / wch-oph, -eph
save, deliver —: {v} :— hwthongo-
save up, put to store, not use —: {v} :— edheg-; (g)lubosto-; undro-
saw, cut with blade —: {v} :— (c,h)artho-, (c,h)wrtho-
scabbard —: {n} :— hussVg
scroll, parchment; map —: {n} :— r/rhonc, r/rhonnag; c/huthnoC / wch(th)og / onchob
sea —: {n} :— cedhwm, cedwm; unchidh, ugidh; dhongu, dhengi, -on (< *za/zongVje-)
sea, lake (inland) —: {n} :— dl/tlummab; (t)olph-edh, -eth; g/fudalch / gwdlwg
seagull —: {n} :— (g)edegon, (g)edhuigon
season —: {n} :— c/tandloch; (c)ubech; felem / fethev; maeg-ar, -rVd
see, view —: {v} :— thol-/thwn(no)-; gVntho-, gunwv-; iavad-/iedeg-/iedro-; cimmab-
seed —: {n} :— pun-og, -eg
seem, appear —: {v} :— blengo- / nengo-; gonob- (genebi-); iudno-, (i)udro-; gesso-
select —: {v} :— (r)ogob-; pachro-
send; give out, put forth, emit —: {v} :— tintho-; ultho-/utlho-
sense, feel —: {v} :— iango-; anad-
separate —: {v} :— githn/ro- / guthn/ro-; hningo- / hnongo-; [adj] calch / calVg / can(th)wch
series —: {n} :— unglon, u(n)gla-; pe(n)deb
set, place, appoint —: {v tr} :— c/pavan-
shadow (of a person) —: {n} :— (c)edheg, (c)etheg; ielt
shadow, gloom —: {n} :— cuth(o)l; ogwr
shake — {v} — c(o)noph-io-, -ro-
share —: {v} :— ton(nå)-
sharp —: {adj} :— massen; hisseg; uidheg, uitheg
shepherd, tend —: {v} :— iavrå-
shield —: {n} :— thofn; a/wphanc
shine warmly (on) —: {v} :— amman-; tronov- / rhonov-
shine weakly (white) —: {v} :— nhugud-/nhy(n)gyd-/ichdo-, ivno-
ship —: {n} :— tianed/dh, teiniVdh; (g)elph; gench-od, -os; g(w)odhi-ob, -os; w(n)thåg; pem(eg), peng(h)VC
shoe: to put on shoes vs. to step —: {v} :— cwthno-, ?cVthno-
shoot, launch —: {v} :— nhindo-, nhinho-; ce/cade(i)rio-; citlhVd-; wsbo- ~ wthno-, utho-
shore, beach —: {n} :— lwnwb; bann-ag, -Vch; na/nunch-os(t), -oth; ioss-ag, -o(e)g
shore; edge —: {n} :— caus, ta-/tV-chos; cunud/th / cinhad; ibgath; tunwg
shoulder —: {n} :— cathon / sunghoth; a/ubrong; mebenc / tuiniob
show —: {v} :— hadhob- (hedhebi-); tar(no)-; madhlo- / padhlo-; pnab/g-, panab-
shudder —: {n} :— c/h(i)anarth
side = flank —: {n} :— plaug; padh-ab, -ang; blenor ~ blenna-; manwdh; nantheg
side = half —: {n} :— gwdwl; polt / a/ubolt; (CL?) peng
sign —: {n} :— pedef; (trace) nhaeg
signboard —: {n} :— cibon(t); nuluth/nultha-; badanc, bandrof, banthla
since, after —: {prep} :— plo(gu)nt
single, only —: {adj} :— g/d/tornag; pudhol
sink —: {v} :— achanno-/asganno-; ibdå-; n(h)istå-; niwglo-/thaglo-; fad/thlå-; n/tachå-
sit, remain seated —: {v} :— f(i)rodh-; gana/og-; uthro(n)-; tivio-; t/thiuntho-
sit down —: {v} :— u(i)-/io-thendro-; nhådro-, nhVdro-; (g)iantho-
situation —: {n} :— ebong/cethong; ming
size —: {n} :— gilog; n(i)olt / nal(l)-os, -oth
skiing-track —: {n} :— ocholt / hialt; usgeb
skin —: {n} :— s/hanoth; belenc; rainiob / uiniob; iaph-edh, -aC
skull —: {n} :— fodog; nimm-og, -eg; wvonc
sky —: {n} :— gedeb; rondrVs; (i)ust(Vf); (c/i)odhog / odho; bui(o)nc
sleep —: {v} :— ath(Co)-; t(i)anosto-; cathnab-
slush —: {n} :— cathl, uch(o)l; fonchrag/s/C
small —: {adj} :— irodh-; gin(n) / cinwth; geth-ef, -af; gindVf; draich
snare, net —: {n} :— pong/pung; iadas/iathos
snort —: {v} :— uph(Vch)ro-
snow —: {n} :— rhudug / rhunub/f; prond; g/tVrch, -od; (hV/cV)nårth; ?puveg/povhog/covthog
so —: {adv} :— ionc, idonc/ithonc
so that —: {cnj} :— bVndol / dichyn / godhil, iedil / nuint, nynthi / onthoch]
something; anything —: {pr n eq} :— m/pe(n)dhon, dh/th/ch; c/glugon
sound —: {n} :— hann-; wd(r)-oC, -ong; (C)enchon; ubolch / adhol(ch); nodon(g)
south —: {n} :— povr-ob, -in / cidhol/m / grâl / plenn, plend; adhra(C,m); (n,t)ochl, -on
space, room(iness) —: {n} :— ibonn; iadång/iathång
spear —: {n} :— blagol / bladhol; codh-red, -wn/-(n)ol; sasg, sadhanc, sadhn-o(n), -i(s), swnnag; doss-ång/ol; honnach; (h)udlo ~ (s)udhlo
speech, talk —: {n} :— cu/gu/(n)dla-thawn- [JMJ p46!]
speed, pace —: {n} :— iann-; adonc/athonc; meu(g); (dr)eub
spend —: {v} :— (n)gantho- / nantho-; (time) cidhab-; manathCo-
spider —: {n} :— cuchlon / lodon, loch(C)Vr / er(V)chdon
spider-filament, thread —: {n} :— p/th/nhassog; gw/m/nantlha; iadhos(-s- / -t-) / u(i)dhio(C)
spot, place —: {n} :— o/inoth; hendroth / hwndroth; ia(n)vod/iavad/iaud
spread —: {v} :— id/dhno-; agab-, agob; f/bunuch-; minith-/mVnVth-Co-
springtime —: {n} :— blan(h)-ath, -oth
staff, rod —: {n} :— lhud/dhog; b/madh(o)l
stair —: {n} :— cineph; ithn-eg, -ed; tonog, tunug
staircase, stairway —: {n} :— s/thangwth / (n)anthong
stalk, hunt —: {v} :— man(t)hå-
stand, be located vs. make stand, erect —: {v} :— mingo-, monthog-; cidin-, centho-, can(aph)- (cemphi-); r/tonglo-
star —: {n} :— ythy(n)g / othos / ochoth; gedeb, gentheb; hi(d)wn
start, put in motion —: {v} :— drasto-, drosto-; rhwnno-
state, condition —: {n} :— tandrod; cunc / cinhag
steal —: {v} :— (g/h)ostlå-
steer, direct —: {v} :— lwb-; rad-; ubeth-; cadh- / padhan-; i/nadhwo-; mongdo-
step vs. walk (sg.) —: {n} :— bonoth
still, yet —: {adv} :— covob; iodh-Vb, -ost; cudro
stir —: {v} :— rag(Co)-, rach(nondl)o-
stone, rock (single) —: {n} :— thang(r); cunwch; (d)og-ob, -od
stony place, place of (looser) stones —: {n} :— cuthwv(o)g, cuth(r)ånoc
straight, direct —: {adj} :— guneg; plaudh; podhog
straw; reed —: {n} :— puidh; mynchin; uphunc ~ ephech
strengthen —: {v} :— (s)untho-; manaph-
stretch, pull tight —: {v} :— carag/dh-, cereg/dhi-
strike —: {n} :— cingho-; udhug-/ydhygi-
string —: {n} :— cûd / hûd
structure —: {n} :— tolt, tolod/toldon
study, observe —: {v} :— twdhwg-
submerge, 'baptise' —: {v} :— dwblo- / mwblo- / twglo-; marag-, (u)brango-
suck, pull in —: {v} :— mub(wg)-/myb(yg)-; (b,th)eichio-
suffice —: {v} :— andoth-; iwndlo-; path-, amphath- [F passa-; H psh]
suffix —: {n} :— tong, codong
sugar —: {n} :— an(g)etlh / an(gi)otlh; c/hedlig
summer —: {n} :— (f,g,h)adro, (f,g,h)adhro
surf —: {n} :— (t)unch-as, -os; (d)ugrodh; tharoth
surface —: {n} :— rh/nhag-vå, -or, -oth; têw / tengu; cew(e)b
surround, encircle —: {v} :— abon-/ab(un)no-
swamp-pool; any cooking mixture —: {n} :— (m)wbl, (m)ublod
swim —: {v} :— lwdwb/g-; gwadhwo- / b(i)adhwo-
sword, blade —: {n} :— tl/thasg(ol) ~ cnasg; (nh)adhål; ichåd/n
table —: {n} :— wdhob; gas(so)g, gesgin(d); ibinc, imminc; (h,s)odhrVb / sunth(r)og
take —: {v} :— nal-; (g)rondrå-; (bring) cudno-; gwimmo-; iasto-
tall; ?long —: {adj} :— iechent, ienghåd; gisseb, gintheb
tear off —: {v} :— cothob-
tease, taunt —: {v} :— (b)achlo-, (b)uthlo-, (n)ungudlo-
tell, connote, narrate —: {v} :— (AM?) rothab-
ten —: {num} :— (d,g)ymmir, gVnrof, o(n)gof; ossan(c,d); fanaf; udul / andla
tent —: {n} :— gidreg/rog; f/h/co(n)dio-
terrible, dreadful —: {adj} :— embor, engthor; crumra-
than —: {prep} :— om(m)od / tVnod
that, it —: {pn} :— rhô (pl. rhoei/rhewi-); mêg / uig-/iod-/iodh
think = be of the opinion —: {v} :— leb- / rheb-
this —: {dem pn} :— (m)beng
thrive, be lush —: {v} :— f/pene/oth-io-, -Co-; mingo-; iwndro-
throat, neck —: {n} :— cenc/rhenc; (gr)ugna/grung/iagroC
through —: {prep} :— na(e)nt; fid(o)l, fud(o)l; nador; nw:ph; (AM?) t/g/ieneph
throw —: {v} :— ethio-; iodog- / iadlo-; othob- / iaphad-
time, hour —: {n} :— o(n)vog; (iu)nant; benthol
time, point in time —: {n} :— lugath; uss-ag, -eg
tiny, minute —: {adj} :— peheu; ibl-en, -on; passwb
tip, point —: {n} :— ebe(n)g / eve(n)g; ugånt
today —: {adv} :— g/teng-on (-ob, -or)
toe —: {n} :— pynathong; dragad-, (n)dragasb; civrVd; miongla(C); ianch-id, -od; rhådlan [12/19]
together —: {adv} :— ranr-e/id, -e/ith
too, overly —: {prep} :— aphrath; ca(ng)ud, cengid; tondl, tonwol
tooth —: {n} :— nhwgos / lhogol; adlag; inlh-VC
torch —: {n} :— b/frådh-ol, -wl
touch —: {v} :— iuthno-; pron-; ponech-, ponoch-; iabad-; n(g)indlo-
toward(s) —: {pref} :— ganar (AM?); rhem- ~ rhó-; iogoth / iodon; nåm-; cath(an); (CL?) s/na(n)gun
tower —: {n} :— h/thenaich; gethan(d) / gathon(d); obog; gwssonc
trace, follow —: {v} :— anebro-; randro-; migib/ph-, meupho-; natlho-
translate —: {v} :— c/fennå-; pundro-; namachlo-; tadhlo-
transmit, convey —: {v} :— l/runglo-; s/tarcho/dho-
transport —: {v} :— c/pandlo-
tree —: {n} :— an(n)ag / nem(m)-eg, -ec; (m/n)odonc; thaph(g)-an, -on; åchrath; ph/ponnod
tree-species' names —: {n} :— hobod; thanag/theiniog; sachlon
trust —: {v} :— egev(-i)-
truth, fact, reality — :{n}: — achob/adob/a(n)gob; cast(on)/cethim
tunnel —: {n} :— cadarn / h/cwdorn
turn —: {v} :— pa/ponglo-; breubo-; [flip over] (d)ia(n)thlo-
twirl, spin, swirl, vortex —: {n} :— caumol / cafd-ol, -ost/-oth; (c)iadosc/(c)ianthosc
under, below —: {prep} :— c/hynwi; ombeg, ommeg; hagau; lhan
until —: {conj} :— g/lussach; nobar/n; mag-ed, -no; ("so that" ?) manghir, manglo
up to/til —: {prep} :— famm / faw, fao
up? higher? —: {adv} :— ngidhod; can(n/h)uch; uthof
use, employ, utilize —: {v} :— polodh/poltho-; (n)iadhag-
valley —: {n} :— tharwd; cithånc; g/nwnthod ~ itlhod [mig/michdaw]
value, worth; significance —: {n} :— croe; tafgor
vanish, disappear  — (v) —  c/g/l/nydes(i,io)-
vehicle, vessel —: {n} :— nelchodh, nenthor
veil —: {v} :— i/uphrä-, u/iphothrå-
vein —: {n} :— hothong; p(V)naud; leiniob, leuob
versus, against —: {prep} :— n/podhor; (n)amph-og, -ont
vessel —: {n} :— mynwoch / thachiod; efdog/emdog; (ci)drautlh
via, through —: {prep} :— sang / thang; le/lyneg; rugwth; nelef; iodhor
village —: {n} :— gathros
vine —: {n} :— undr-ol(ch), -oth
wade —: {v} :— gendlo- / gondlo- (g/h)
wain, wagon —: {n} :— cotha/indla, ci/cothondleg
waist —: {n} :— ho(n)g(h)on
wait for, expect —: {v} :— gun-thog- / -tlhog-; gwachro- / gwachar-
walk —: {v} :— godh-; othov-; adhan-; cVthånno-/cVthaen-; u(n)thub(o)-/y(n)theb(i)-
wall —: {n} :— caston / cothon, cothis(C); podob; (d)iosson; prang-i, -ol
wallwalk —: {n} :— diog-el, -ol
warm (up), give warmth to, heat —: {v tr} :— gi-, w-thochro-; (m)begro-
warmth —: {n} :— cnaum/con-ov, -oph; t/thum(b)ro-l, -C; donoth/(d)onthV; (u)tham, -bir
watch, guard —: {v} :— (n)genedh-, genesto-; echan-, gochan-
water —: {n} :— (m)blonn; bedeg, bediog; poth(o)l- / (p,pl)wtlh-
water: be/behave like (running) water —: {v} :— lhwnwch/ph- / on(o)tlho-, wltho-
wave —: {n} :— dinchoth; fugud; dlonthas; (n)gissab; gwidiol/n; nommon; c/ga/gundol(l-)
wax —: {n} :— codhog / contlhog; artheg; dVngh-od, -of
way —: {n} :— adr-af, -ef, -on
weapon, tool —: {n} :— plang; (CL?) cnothan(d)
wear, be dressed in —: {v} :— hubug-/hybyg(i)-; co(n)phod-; dalnog-/g,h,twdal(cho)-
weather —: {n} :— mind; ronåph(-); faum(b)/fomb
web —: {n} :— canoth / gån(n)ost; abost(ra-) / aboth(ra-)
weigh —: {v tr} :— (mang/mVng)lenthå-; sondlo-; sertho-; camanno-/caudho-; iuiniå-; [c?] (d)engro-; [intr] l(h)ådh(ro)-
wheel; means of traveling —: {n} :— iagar/s; odr-og, -och
whisper —: {v} :— s(i)asto-; cathvan-/hwithvin-
white —: {adj} :— cedw-; ie/iag-ef, -of; bithn-; clin-ol, -wb
whole, entire —: {adj} :— plêg; kaug(VC)
will, desire —: {v} :— taetho-
win, triumph; defeat —: {v} :— b/nelthå-; onog-/ongwo-
wind —: {n} :— a(n)ch-av, -oth; n/fothwn; (f)uiphion; nalt, nalthws; huthur
wine —: {n} :— uthug/gidhrog
wing —: {n} :— (c,h)odålch / odhålch / adalth, adolth; gunph-Vch, -oth
winter —: {n} :— h/t(h)wnchorth
wish —: {v} :— gl/tlandro-
with, together with —: {prep} :— iand; Vng (hanc/cang; uneg); lodho; pad/dha
'With-X, (rather) X-ey" —: {adj suff} :— -lw(f/d/n)
witness —: {v} :— pundro- / og-/othandro-
womb —: {n} :— taif, ta(i)m; ho(n)gon/ho(n)gna
[ wood —: {n} :— (th)ewboc ]
wool —: {n} :— (c)lanaph
work, function —: {v} :— padar-/petheri-; isbo-; nenghid(i)- / nangtho-; swndlo-
world —: {n} :— mi/musdon; egoth
worth, value; sense, meaning —: {n} :— emmel, emphel
wound —: {v} :— hwncho-; iasseg/ch/tlh-
wrap (up) —: {v} :— (tr,t)upheg-
yearn for, miss, wish for —: {v} :— cuivio-; cVmphunno-
yet, still, more —: {adv} :— d/malanc; pu/pidrab; nas(t), natho-d, -C, m/pogof; ûr


abri-en(c), -ån(g); rhemm-iδ, -ien, rhomma(u), rhom(m)iaeth    <n>    cure, medicine
abrwd; (t)ån-ud, -(ch)ub; s(a)echon    <n>    evenness, surface
ach(C)-VC; achago/echegi    <adj/adv>    burdensome, heavy [= d-, (C)l-othog]; hardly
achwr, uchar; hebor; tommwnc; (C)onthål; tang-, cung(dwr); pronw, brú(vu)m    <n>    mountain
a(e,i)gith, e/ang(h)o(e)th    <n>    topping, covering, lid (= tovog/ch); (syn.) sky
-aeron-, -eiria-, -enghVn-, -oeb-, -uinia-    <v suff>    CONDITIONAL ('would')
aeså-/oeså-/ichå-    <v tr>    to come up with, invent
ae(a)th(å)-, egdå-    <v>    compose (verse), 'create' (art)
-ag; -id, -il; -oeb/g    <suff>    action or sth produced by it [Finn. -os] — vs. PROLATIVE/ABLATIVE (-ag, -aig, -gVb/m)
agw-n-t; teo(g,d) ~ tiuth; ethVb    <n>    finger
a(i)ch-, eichw-, nêw, beuch/g, meg(w); phó-; swnw(d)-    <pref>    with (beside or along)
am-åb, -eb    <n>    name, title; (†)act of sitting vs. forest [> amma-b, -ph, am(b)r-eb, -oC?]
ammach, ommwch [*amnaks- etc.]; (g)wdl-; e/obol(ch)    <n>    lake
amphå-, g/c/n~    <v>    to decide, make a ruling
andog-, anthog-    <v>    to come forth, appear
anghul-; gwonth-og, -os    <n>    swamp, marsh
ango(f) ~ h/deingo(f); thauv-, cauv-; dros(s-)    <adj>    first
anthwb-, (g/s)inthwb-    <v>    to care, have a care, mind
ath(å)-; (p)unnå-    <v>    go, fare vs. flow [which = ser(edh)-; (m)blånchå-; iwdh(CV)-]
ath-ab, -ob; noss(oth); iaenc; lhun(d)r(o,a-); othod,dh [pro C(i)och(ob)]    <n>    pine tree
av-/ab-ag, -eth, go(v)-, gu(d)-, sav-/su(i)v-, (wn)na-, na(w)- +LOC; ('l)oeth; tî-; thoe(C), (r)ynthw    <rel pn>    in which, where (final also "(un)to which"?)
bannel, bonnol    <prep>    in presence of, at house of, with
b/marVph; bo-, gw-thael, toel; trongh-eC    <n>    journey, travel
b/mege(i)diå-, b/moguidiå-    <v tr>    to abandon, forsake, set aside, forget
begwth, baeåg, nhågVd/th; ochib, ochåth; sai-g, -ph    <prep>    against
beithiwr, bethainc [*mb-]; gud-yr, -uir    <n>    lance
beref, b(e)rev-od(h), -oth; davang    <n>    thick-grown forest, 'jungle'
bethlå-    <v>    to survive; advance (intr)
bina(e)ch, buinach [*(m)beinaks-]; emaig, umaeg    <n>    arm
binweg; olh-dVg/-dVs(t)    <n>    tent
blawos; dro-b/d-am(b)    <n>    taste
bling/nchå-    <v>    to occur, take place, happen
[ blong    <adv>    overtaking, (moving) past, by ]
bo-, ba(C)-, uib(å)-    <v>    go down (Sun) or depart
bonåth; pôch; adcho(n); thådr, theder ~ (th)odåch    <n>    air [as region vs. adv. 'aloft' : iont ]
b/monech ~ gonob; e/u(n)th-on, -ed/-edh, -eu; beu/meu/emmub/em(m)aid; toeb    <adj>    silent, quiet
brag-on, -ws, breigVn, branghodh, brengioth    <n>    gold
bra(n)chir    <n>    a line of two differing ends, sth from A to B, development, 'arc', etc.
bre-g/henthå-; eigniå-/uiphiå-; t(V)h/nendrå-; ceuch(i,n)å-    <v>    to throw, cast
bre(i)thiå-    <v>    to encounter, meet
bren(od)-; punnå-    <v>    to lead, go, run (path)
brod-og, -yg; [panVg (*kw-)]    <n>    stick, twig, ?branch [= cavab; (m)idwg; sardh; thir-(dho)n, -och/-oph]
m/brosgå-    <v>    to worry, mind about; to take care of
bruith; grev(n)-/grov(n)-od; maglw    <n>    side
b/muidor; prel(dh)on(n); nhod-åg/s, -eb; teiniås; ae(s)od,th; (V)nanc; (a)ench-åd, -un    <n>    (court)yard
cabr(a), cebra; onor, onra; mwndra; plang(V)    <prep>    via, through
ca-, ce-deigiå-; cathwn-; mib-; teubå-    <v intr>    to descend, fall (of snow or rain; "to rain" = trVglå-/trågolthå- ~ prVdanchå-)
cad-; t/cwbwg-    <v>    to keep, defend
[ canaeb, cenaib vs. thånaig    <prep>    due to, because of ]
cVnag, cenaig    <n>    side, not center
canath; taur; (t)i(o)ss-wd, -og    <n>    bag, sack
canghå-, canchå-, tenghå-    <v tr>    to clean
canw(o)g/ch; (n)horech/ach; t/thodwg; am-seg, -sud/g (/s/ = "nasal" = unchanged after labials?)    <n>    level, plane, table [#1 vs. can-w(dh), -wr; la(i)nc = time (for doing something)]
car(o)l, (n)hartlhåd; (n)drôs, (n)drobol; mar-eth, -åth    <n>    day
cathVn, cath(C)åeth; iwthgo; pídwch    <n>    foliage, leafage
ceben ~ caeb-, cael(-ri, -dhu)    <adj>    many (-adv? -acc? -pl?)
ceb/mm-eth, -ith, ce/ciss-oth, -od/-ob; coth-ol, -os; issech; trwgn(os)    <n>    sand
ced(iå)-/g.., hod-; p/tovog-    <n>    to put, set, lay, place
c/hedhnå-, haonglå-, sangbå-; (C)wthbwch-    <v>    to listen (to)
c/hemm-Vl, -ad, -ath    <n>    strength(ening) or obtaining [v tr cemmå-]
cemmai-g,d(h), cevai-g,d(h) [*kåb'-meki-, *kem(b)-eki- etc.]; bynn/gwynn    <n>    situation, condition
[ cenglå-    <v>    to cross, esp. by travel [an other L word?] ]
cenor, cedhr    <n>    row, series [= tr/dråchir]
centhod(h) ~ timphod(h); c/såbanc; grindi; mavalt    <n>    meadow
cessoth(Cå)-; nichnå-; nh/darthong-r/wå-    <v>    to fall (of leaves et sim.)
ceub/vå- / ich/iphrå-    <v>    to believe
ceuv, ceul; paro(f); norog, no(e)ronc; h(a)wpho; (C)aeph; t/seuoch    <n>    edge, margin
cev-; cadag-; huch-n/r-å-    <v intr>    to fit, go (is ceveg "a place" of this language?)
cVdhra-, twdhra-    <v>    to affect, influence
-ch/då(C), -ch/di(C), -ch/du(C), -gw, -a(e)g, -(c)heg; -rVs; -(th)wb, -wn(d)    <suff>    noun-forming suffixes for e.g. unique parts (= organs) of the body
chabål, (C)V~ [*ksap-]    <n>    north
cidhu; torf [*-vo]; b/mein-gi, -c(h)i; pron(na)c; crast    <n>    boat
cin(d)rå-, cu-, tugu-n(d)rå-    <v>    bite, chew
cinnå-mwn, -bwn    <n>    lumber vs. large (pinewood?) forest
ciph-ad, -od/th, tophog, lhwdog    <n>    cheek or jawbone
cith(o)r; paeg; (s)yg(o)r    <n>    side, flank
ciw(h)Vd(h), cŷd(h)    <n/adv>    much, a lot
cleb(CV)-, ceneb-    <v>    to suffice, be enough
cluduidiå- ~ (g)luduiliå- [*-todj- or *-tolj-]; g/Ci-darchå-; hon(th)isgå-    <v tr>    to attach using iron nails
clui-d, -r, tluir    <adj>    loud; clearly audible
[ clundro/V(s), lhonn-/lhynn-or/-(h)ach    <n>    ring (metallic) ]
c/hob-; dinnå-; [ g/iathrå- ]    <v>    to close, shut
b>c/godoth; mVnhwnc; búrog(-dhV, -aif)    <n>    sleep(ing), slumber, dream
codo(l)ch / thabag/thawag/thunud(h) / todoch    <n>    blood
colchå-, celyg(on)nå-; d/f/pVdieg-, dwveg-    <v>    to pertain to, apply to, concern
con(n)oph, cepharth; peodh/peog; nod-, saud-ol; thVrain, thårui(b)    <n>    direction, heading, way
c/hwnw-ng, -nc    <n>    rug, carpet
[ conth-ol, -a(e)l    <prep>    among, amidst ]
cosp, cothw-b, -ph    <n>    bush
cwth(or)reg; aph(VC)drag; nangla/lu-dhor    <n>    wain, carriage
[ cothåph, cu(n)thab, ] cunåph ~ hunw-; ichil; pVdol; ?å/ubr(oth) [*ʒap-, *ʒup-]    <n>    back(side)
co-, ci-thon; sachon; iaenc(h-); wdro-b, -th    <n>    knee
crennå-    <v>    (onomatopoeic?)
cr/grethå-; echrå-; ygVdn/nnå-    <v>    to open
crigol, crimmo-l, -n-    <n>    (high) seat, throne
cron(n-); tåvålch; (C)odrwm(m-)    <adj / n>    warm or warmth
cu(i)nåth, cunu-st, -(i)th [*kunitsa-]; (C)emenc; [cVn(d)loph]; sinn-ag, -wth; t(h)a-/t(h)e-gåf    <n>    bridge
cun-, cyn-eu, -nw (-ny), -(t)hål    <adv>    (moving) forward [= V(ph)god ?]
cunodr, cinodr    <n>    forth-moved thing, plot, tale
cunug, cunc, cúVn    <n>    sign; indication
cwphwn-ghå, -thå-; (i,n)o(e)chnå-/i,nochon-    <v tr>    to treat or cure; possibly also 'to improve'
cynår, hydr, cod(V)r; caeb/th/s; (a/ing)iaul, ioeb/d; måbr(w); mhaeg/s; [?meloth]    <prep>    next to, beside
cýphå- ~ twphå-; pwnnod/g-; iag-    <v tr>    to add
da(th)-; nwb-; lhá-; gu(v)-    <pref>    COMPARATIVE
dan(th)ech    <n>    wraparound ('jacket')
dang, dana(n)c, deunc    <adv/prep>    without, sans
dånn-wc, -och; i(C)thalph; (t)afråch; fed(o)l; sochon, (s)unthe(b), (i)wthwb; musp; canåph    <n>    tree [?= fVnar ~ pandra-; seichi- ]
delod/th ~ deigiod/dh; mon(g)Vnc; athas    <n>    hillside, mountainside
dene(i)giå- [= th-/g-odrå-]    <v>    to build, construct
denghå-, denchå-, tanghå-    <v>    to press : denghro a dark, looming cloud
[vs?] denia-    <v tr>    to command, order, tell
(CV)-destå-; (t)wnchå-; nime(i)niå-, nimminchå-    <v tr>    to follow
dolt/dolVdh/doll-; (ng)ubrol    <n>    evening
[ -dwr, -dír, -wd    <suff>    TRANSLATIVE (also "for ..ing, in order to") ]
dorchå-, d/t    <v>    to mask, put in disguise
dor-eph, -wph, -(a)eg [*dār-, *daβar-]    <n>    face
dossoth, dwstath    <n>    fool
dov(å)-    <v>    to set, lay, place
[ dragoth- (dr, tr)    <v>    to cause, bring about vs. to achieve ] = telthå-
(-)drais    <n>    environment, surrounding(s)
drån- / (-)gran-; iath(n)å-; cephnå/rå-; (tlar)chVth(n)å-; hiódå-/hionnå-    <v>    to shine [dran- = 'to conquer, take (over)' in L3?]
dranas; feb-ain, -ol, -(o)r; mim(mVg,l), mim(m)ien    <n>    time (general)
drel(l), -VC [*derel-s-, -n-]; (c/t)nessac/ch    <n>    decade
drílon(n); pan(h)ob; ummol    <n>    synonyms of the Sun
drim(o)l; a/eglid/th    <n>    teardrop
drin(n)-aur, -or(th)    <n>    vastness, great open space [ewh. uldor]
[ drochil, tr..    <n>    mast of a ship
drwph-og, -uich, tr..    <n/adj>    outside, external
droth(n)å-, (h)odroth-    <v>    to come late, be late
duir(i)å-, duin(i)å-    <v>    to dwell, inhabit, 'live'
eb(gå)-; chw/gweithrå-    <v>    to measure
ebin(n-) [*apind-, *akwendi-]; unthål    <n>    root, base, stand-on, pedestal
eb-mVng-    <v>    to fall (off?)
ech-nwb, -nos-    <n>    attitude or habitual behaviour
[ echi(v-), (t,h)essi(v-) [*aksi-b-, -m-]    <n/elem>    evening / (of) late- ]
edair [*atarj-, not *et-]; onchil; ?mengrad    <n>    path
edr-, (h)edryC; nam-as, -ath / manath; unthod    <n>    particle
edril, edrynn    <n>    long; tall
edwnc, ethonc, ibånc    <n>    vessel, ship
edvag/veg, ethva, (h)u(n)dranc    <prep>    among, amidst
-ef (-aif!), -u(i)d, -ynd, -aig, -nghaw/-thaw    <deriv suff>    ADJECTIVE indicating being somewhere or in some state (also used for ESSIVE)
egeb, emmeg, ing(h)ob    <n>    moment
egna ~ egro    <prep>    beside, at, with
eich-ab, -od, -uth    <n>    brick
e(i)diå-, e(i)dius-, ?h.. [*(kh)etj-]    <v>    to drink [vs. e(i)dior = ce(i)th-Vf, -ni; naul; hedob prep. along]
emmel-er, -ai-r, -dh    <n>    a species of flower
endlå-, indlå-    <v>    to cross, go over
(C)endoch; cabon, cothwn, ogoth    <n>    hill
engla-, engol(t); tonach(o)l- [*tun(d)aksul-]; tarnig-    <n>    fire-on-log, campfire
eng(o)r(th), enchor(th)    <n>    tree
enia, enni(o), chinnw(i); b/mlain; dram    <adv>    again, once more
enoth; eph-onc, -oth; theub/f; uph-uch, -us; (d)eug    <adj>    white
er-    <v>    to act, interact, function [ixt. er(e)gof substance, material, matter]
estag-, thag(å)-, da-/tha-stag-    <v>    to hold; to hold up, in hand
-ethli, -ogdw/i, -ogno    <suff>    TOOL (INSTRUMENT) NOUN forming suffix
ethrub, edrub, (C)rawag, (b)roeg, ruith; b/mVnn-ui(f), -wos    <n>    colour
eutha-, eisia- [*ep't(h)-]; m/pingrå-    <v>    to vanish, disappear
farånt, ferinnVth    <n>    banner, flag
fathrå-    <v>    to sink, go down, descend, set
f/hendrå-; mristå-; canhab-; y/onghå-    <v>    to press down, weigh (intr)
fen-Vth, -åch; hanach ~ onnåch    <n>    passage, pass (in mountains)
fenrw-th, -ch; Vth(h)Vg, aeth- ~ thachad    <n>    page (in a book)
fincho(dh) ~ fun(t)h-os, -ub (f/p!)    <n>    open air, "outside"
fl(e)ong, n(d)V-flong, artlhong    <n>    musical note
fod-; adwch/th-; cranåth-; cauthå-    <v>    to see, view
fon(n)åth, fonaes    <n>    encampment, camp
fVngh-år; i/nath-råg/d; (h)on-eth, -wth ~ cwnthr(å-); (n)amab; nwmchal; cad-/go-phång, pathrab, cwdhur; (t)ådhwr; thunw, thanwoth, unthol, (u)dawchVd; c/th/saflåd [L/N]    <n>    forest, woods
fub(u)ith(å)-; dae(a)th-    <n/v>    study; to study, look into
fuchr-od, -ab ~ uch(ch)wrth, puchrwd, aphVrch    <n>    torch
funh-ws, -oth; din(o)r/dun(u)r; (po,tho)golt; (s)athn-ag, -åf/l; n(d)ang-hu, -å(l,s)    <n>    mouth ~ maw
gall-wd, gVll-wd, -wb; p/todhva; (m)brass; (s)achål; f/t(h)wgl    <n>    water
gam(m)ach, gVmbr; dass; dumm-ag, -wch; (i)åthnw(l)    <n>    hand or arm
(g)anaech(å)- [*ʒanaksi-]    <v intr>    to chill, freeze
gar-, ngar-, mi(ng)ar-    <v>    to point (at, towards)
gathor    <n>    punch; (single) strength
gathrå-, gathnå-    <v>    to punch or hit (ram)
ga(u)voth, gembåth, tafgod/th    <n>    bowl
gebrå-; gunastå-    <v>    to touch, lay hand(s) on
ged(vå)-; rochnå-; iaeth(r)å-    <v>    to shine : related to gedis(t) year (= Vnolt) ? standstill ?
ged(h)-roth, -rost    <n>    shining / meaning, significance
gelwi(C); d/tag-ol, -ws; ta(ha)nc    <n>    side (left, right, etc.)
genaiv, genyv, m/benaiv; saiag    <adv, prep>    without, sans, lacking
gengol ~ n/thench-ol, -os    <n>    basket
gessai-dh,g-    <v>    to lead (= mendrå-); to result (+in)
geug(å)-    <v>    feel hunger (or impersonally: make hungry)
gVmiaed, gephiaed    <n>    toe / toes
gindrå-; uguithå-; lhodlå-; pennwg-    <v>    to show; to seem, look like
gim(m-)    <adv>    above
ging(o)r, g(r)ongwr    <n>    mountain, hill
gith, -an(c); gofwd; nagwr, neigyr; hen-(o)er, -air; tuieng; nhalwd/g; f/chun-uC, -or    <prep>    between
(g)ithor, (g)wthor    <n>    substance, material, stuff
gla-nd, -nn, glonni-    <adv/adj>    yet, still [= pin-, pwn-or], (once) more vs. abiding, being in use
glang(h)å-    <v>    to attempt, try
glar-ha(n)g, -(g)ob, -(r)on(n), -yg; cl-, tlodwg    <n>    pearl
glerch [*g'le/ir-kā]    <n>    place, location, locale
(g)leuthå-, glionthå-    <v>    make, fashion, produce, prepare
gloph-ad, -oth, -ug, tl-    <n>    aperture, hole
glond-wn, -ob; och-don, -lon(n), -nor; (d,tl,dl)amred- [+adj suffix]    <adj>    round, circular
glui(dh,th), glae(dh,th)    <n>    'point', idea, factor
(g)lun(t)h-ol, (g)lyg-yd, -yth [g/ch]; (c/h)einiog    <n>    power, control, mandate (Macht)
-Vg-menz-/-monz-    <v>    understand, comprehend
gonhåd    <n>    foot
go-n/d-ag, -wth, gom(m)-, d(i)o-n/ph-Vg; iaph-(wd); rûs/rov-(oth)    <n>    shoulder (or the first element in its translation)
goru; beuon    <n>    night
gothol / (d)wthol; thewin-(i)u, -y; thorth    <n>    rear, aft
gun(h,tlh)-aeg ~ -ith    <n>    breath (single or in general) [v. c/sudwph-(i,n)å- to breathe]
gwadwch-/gwedychi-(å)-; rh/grithegrå-    <v>    to shoot; #2 with a bow
gwåg(å)-; nethrå-    <v>    meet (with), encounter, see
gw-e/i-nchå- ~ dlegnå-    <v tr>    to reach, get to
g(w)ongo- [*wog-, *wag-]    <n>    (to) glance, glancing; ?window
gun-hwd/-had; budol/gwenwl    <n>    river
[ gúthang    <n>    nature, character ] = erdhV-g, -th; cin-wnt, -hath; segin(C), se(n)ghad
gwabor/g(w)obor; meng(o)l; lhan-nw(n)g, -wog    <n>    tree (sg.) ~ wood (material)
gwadVg; g(w)onth-an, -i(n)    <n>    nature; inner character (~ (f-/h-)ínach)
gwan-ag, -c, gwanchåth    <n>    building, structure [vs. gwan(th)och ~ dothnog snow(bank?)]
gwar-ag, -og    <n>    branch (also "up-a-tree-state"?)
gwas(olthå)-, gauth(aring;)-, gioth-    <v>    to preserve, keep, uphold [~ brin(nå)- ?to hold in, contain]
gwêg, gwiog    <adv>    very
gwêl; tedhV-b, -g    <n>    part, piece
gwemp; caub-wl, ?-ir, -ith(ra)    <n>    fog
gwen-; (C)anath(rå)-    <v>    beobachten
habrVg ~ cubthwg    <n>    street
[ hadag-, cadåg-    <v>    to destroy, undo ]
hadhVg, (h)wpharch; befr, thwfr; cran-as(t), -(i)wth; punnoch; uchro; (V)nghwrth    <n>    snow
(h)aed, -lV, -ro [*haʒtor-]    <prep>    against, versus [vs. hael = caeb ~ teub (any)more; still]
haem(p)    <num>    ten (10)
h(a)erthå-, n/dårthå-; pan-; tind(h)ag-, cwndwb-    <v tr>    to create, bring about
hanab, hanam    <n>    level, plain
hanth-eb, -V(e)n, -ol; tr-, dr-ochand    <n>    yard, enclosure
haranc, hud(n)Vnc; me/min(d)aith    <adj>    significant, important
h/d/taroth, h/d/teiri(aph)    <n>    pattern
hathnw(b), cathnV(b)    <n/?prep>    purpose, intent; also = Rus. dlya ? [= giog; saib, saub]
hêb, hewb    <prep>    during
(h/m/nh)ebeg / h/then(i)eg, hinob; tathl(ed)/tVthl(ed); mein-iog, -iodh; ich-od, -on    <n>    seed
hech-; gwn(d)oth; athwf, athif    <n>    load, burden
hecheliå-, hwcheliå-    <v>    to shine, radiate (reflected or distant light)
hed-ech, -och; othwd; pithol (pithla-)    <n>    crossing of paths or beams; cross
hegr, h/thogr    <prep>    toward(s)
heistiå- [*khjåst-]    <v>    to blow, puff
hen-    <v>    to ask, fragen
hen(n)ad/ag-, henath-    <v>    to find, locate
hesb-id, -Vd; penåv; unth-/ynth-VC    <n>    hall (small)
heun, hen(n)eg; ?tuio; cenn-u, -aith, cêw    <prep>    above
h(i)agåthlå-, heigåthlå- vs. thanghuthlå-    <v intr>    to explode
(h)ian-ath, -eth, -wth    <n>    moment, instance [occasion = aeg(ol) / iogol; piwed; (g)laib/th]
hilphå- ~ tholphå-; ge/gwmphå-; (h)åth-/ith-iod-    <v>    to float
h(i)olthå-    <adj/stem>    to follow or monitor, keep an eye on
híra(e)th    <n>    communication, (common) language
hobrå-    <v>    to misplace, lose [vs. h/thobon = miloch = lake?]
(h)ôd/dh, (h)odVg, (h)odåth    <n>    star
hod(V)l, hon(t)hod(h); gwinnob ~ cenn-åb, -ig, -thwl    <n>    physical body
(h)olch-o(r)d(h), -åd(h)ri, -(r)uib, -rui(th)    <n>    disorder, mess, chaos
hónad, hånoth    <n>    tower, spire
hondrå-, h/t/th [*sko(no)d- etc.]    <v>    to arrange, put in order
hon(t)h-å-    <v>    to reach; to seek to complete a work vs. to copy (= (cu)minnol-), make an imitation (nn -or, -er, -yr "a copy")
hwnn-, hwnn-åth, -åch    <n>    stream, flow, gush (usually of water) vs. a spinning-motion (honn-VC, hothon-n, -t < SKON-OS, SKOTH-ON)
hoth/heth; gwathol / prathål; pachab    <n>    hole, perforation
hudVg, had(n)Vg; gweth-nw, -(n)ud; (bl)igol; f/padar; (t)lonach/(t)lwnwch    <n>    belly, stomach
hûdh, hutho    <prep>    (floating) in the air of; roughly, approximately, about
hu-, (n)hV-gostå-    <v>    to indicate
huin-å(n)g, -o(dh) [*sk(h)unj-]    <adj/stem>    of outside
h/pun-ug, -ang, -uph, -ol; nomob/novog    <n>    body; vessel
hurudhi(å)-; conog-; nhathrå-    <v tr>    to touch
hûth; (m)be(n)goth    <n>    deck, plane
hw-, Cn-, tn-essa-g, -p(h); (t)hVgon; lhådhob    <n>    skull
hwon-eg, -og, (h)min(a)eg; echwth, ucheth    <n>    shore, beach
i-, t-ochoC, ythå(n)g; cîth, cithor; naub/noeb; b/m(o)rong; tre(l)ch; immVd ~ ump    <n>    head (anat.)
iabad; iådaeg; thudwg; maeg; ithrog/ch/m [u/o]    <n>    weather, circumstance
i(a)ch-Vl, -arth, hiodech, tochol, h/côph, (c,h)óthosg, t(h)wdåch, gwachid/gossach, ma/megwd(h)    <n>    paper
iagor; sae-dh, -f; hetheb; gwåssa-C; droeg    <adj>    long (qq. tall?) vs. length (#1)
ialw, iala(e); dongor/dengur; ?canwth    <n>    colour
ianchil, ienchil    <n>    fortress, fortification
ianthVr, iannar; dorw, torw; seng-or, -un(t) [cVnholt]    <n>    place, locale [vs. ianw-ch/th- to sound off, be heard?]
[ iaphar-    <v>    to produce (abstr), result in ] (= unghå-, hiunghå-, i(a)eroth-)
iath-(a)n, -wm    <n>    ?darkness (unlit state) [vs. being related to iathlå- to reach, obtain if a word in this l.]
ib-    <v tr>    to decide vs. to pick up, lift [= (C)i/ummog-; ch(w)anthå-; tauchå-]
ichdå-    <v tr>    to reach
ichim, (C)V-chim(b) [*ksimb-]    <n>    horn; pinion
idob, inna(e)b    <adj/n>    murky; murkiness
idhringå- / idhrunnå- / idhongrå-    <v>    to thrive, "be at home"
ieblå-, iblå-    <v intr>    to end up; to end up having (to)
iechlå-, nechlå-    <v>    to demand, call for
ieneth    <n>    watch, guard vs. abidance, stay
ilthå-; saug(å)-, soeg(å)-; h/pVdhrov-    <v>    to spread (tr & intr?)
im-lo, -lu; (nV:)lain-c, -t    <prep>    toward, -s
immir-, (C)emrV(d)-; pinthå-; tummwg/ch-; [pon-]    <v>    to look
imrub/l- ~ iamråd-    <v>    to imitate
(C)i/end-n/r-ach    <n>    construction, building
inthå-, ach(å)v(n)å-    <v>    to huff, puff, blow
iobor; nael; grath-eg, -os, -wb/l    <n>    limb
iochVm, iaeg; hyg(å)n / ha(i)eg; mh/vêl; th/pafnå, pång(h)V, paenc; suira-C    <pref, prep>    until, ad
[ ioch-Vd    <adj>    small, tiny ]
-(i)wn, -nw (-n-ae), -(u)v, -(e)th    <suff>    a suffix with GENITIVE or LOCATIVE sense [latter / -yg/-yf, -iwn = -nol, -naw, -rw, -(l)í(b)/-lú/-(l)ý; prep. iw-f, -d, ho(e)b, yss(oC)]
iod-en, -on, iodna-    <n>    choice, option
iolthå-    <v>    to pursue, chase (after)
iongå-, ionchå-    <v>    to join
ionob-, ionthå-    <v>    to go, lead
[ iåph-    <v>    to fall; befall ]
(i)oth-nå, -rå-, githrå-, i/erch/rthä-    <v>    to return
(ith-/V-)thilw-, -tholw- [*ts-]    <v tr>    to sneak, creep
ithnå-    <v>    to lure, entice
ith(o)r    <n>    cloud
iθθag-; ngath-, hath-(i)ånnå-    <v>    to sail
(ió-)/(i)u-ruidiå-    <v intr>    to be born, be generated
iuib, iungob/iuino(gr); iaitho/pithio; blegol; drostol, dron(g)hVth; crwthog/cromhob/s; Vmthal; (V)missog/d    <n>    hearth, fireplace
iul(l)oth]    <n>    opening ('crack'?) / breathing-hole, venting-window
iund(ro)]    <n>    pocket [not a L3 word (?also)?]
(i)wai, (o)wai, (C)Vnthai, idon; senVb    <adv>    also, too, as well
lemm; pudunc; thinVl, thunwl    <n>    cover
lod(CV)-, lhod(CV)-, nhod(CV)-    <v>    to bite, chew
-(l)on; -(d)ig, -dhí, -dhint    <suff>    ADVERB
luid(i)å-, (CV-)loed(i)å-    <v>    to kiss
lhåch(V-); pa(n)vag; (C)athalch    <n>    (a single) stone [material : gwidol, gwothof ]
lhå(nV)st, rhwnVsg/st; pa(dV)lh    <n>    fruit
lha/lhedrog ~ lhwbrog    <n>    = clock
lhenod    <n>    moment (very short)
lh-, (t)l-erchå-; tufrå-    <v>    to paint
lhor(o)f, lher(u)if    <adj>    crooked
lhubug    <adj/n>    cold, qq. coldness (vs. ichåd(h), missag coldness, low temperature)
lhur(r,d)-og, -a(n)c (u/i)    <n>    stomach, belly
mabach / c/pubwch    <n>    lantern
ma(n)ch-VC, -ail    <adj>    warm
machåstå- ~ michistå-    <v>    to prepare food, cook
mad/δ-rå-; e(n)dog-    <v>    to pull; to suck
mael(C)    <n>    sight, vision, view
[ magr- ~ dwgr-    <n>    mood, atmosphere ]
malob; (g,r)imbrang    <n>    plain, pasture; pastur-age, -ing?
malthå-    <v>    to release, set free or to open up (= cengrå-)
malph; sogol(-); tior, teur(-); dosswb, dost    <n>    remainder, (the) rest of sth
mamrå-, me(n)gCå-, maeblå-    <v>    to benefit, be of use to
mVncho-d, -s    <n>    sound; voice
månwch, menelh; godhon, godhrw    <n>    rope (syn. lhu/lhyniol)
man(V)d; póchwd    <adv/prep>    inside, within
marn- / (pa)ramb- / kud(an)yul- / kal-usb-, -u(n)zd-    <v>    to resemble; to depict
maun(i)g, maunc, unc    <n>    storage, supply
m/baich; tanchwb/d; iug [*im'k-]; thiwch; c/pidog    <n>    house, building
m/bell-id ~ ma/mull-od/g    <conj>    in order to, so that
m/blan(nå)-    <v>    to call, name
m/boron    <adv>    before [vs. m(o)ronc/rong through, via = gonva ~ chenvo]
m/brach(å)-    <v>    to be active, go about one's business
m/brethwng    <n>    voice
meb-; bVntlhab-    <v>    to be going to, intend, mean
[ m/bechil, m/buil [*-osil-]    <n>    right, access ]
menchor, (m)bonchor    <n>    danger
meng(C)å-, athvengå- [*theme3/g-]    <v>    to float, fly
mêub, mýb    <adj>    bleak; dim, obscure
míchå-, muichå- [*(i)m(b)ik's-]; [iondrå-?]; igdå- / u(n)gnå-; peuog-    <v>    to wash
miglå-; tVnrodh-; mlath(C)å-    <v>    to bend, twist, etc.
mig(V)r, maeg(V)r; ialth-VC    <n>    season
[ minach    <n>    shell, peel, 'skin' ]
minchå-    <v>    to end up, 'wind up', land (unintentionally)
ming, menc(h-); a(n)thrw-    <n>    conclusion; "suffix"
ming-å(rth), minthåg, mVndrw(l); boruil; tråphanc; gwech-r, -Vn    <n>    eagle [?vs. mV-, mi-ngor raincloud]
min(t)hå-    <v>    to accept; (?qq.) to be willing, consenting
minn-oth [*M- vs. *MB-?]; puthor; tl/tnassog; lennoth; (t)e(i)diag; (c)ebon(t)    <n>    peak, top
mi(th)rachnå-, lhurachCå-    <v refl>    to hatch
(V)mlaed; (V)n(g)hawag, (V)nheug    <prep>    amidst, among
modr-ob, mothr-ob, -oen, -wph    <n>    dance, swaying
mog(V)n, magn, begon, megwth; thegan    <n>    face
(m)ombrå-, imrå-    <v>    to move, stir
monach ~ (m)benn-eg(VC), -och    <n>    coast, -line
mondrå-    <v>    to charm, enchant
monthå-, monaechå-    <n>    to set in motion, start, 'ignite'
mrig-, brig-; ultho(r)-    <v>    to steer, 'drive'
m/broch, brûch [*(m)borokk-]    <n>    bull
muin-, mein- [*mon(d)jā]; obon(n)    <n>    region, area
mynC-oth, -oeg; t(h)-, auchos    <n>    scroll
nal-/nalthå-    <v>    to bring or fetch
nal-ad, -eth, nelaith, naloth    <n>    forest vs. wood
nanchor, (f,t,r)inchor    <n>    slumber, lethargy
nelt, neleth; nho-, la-nath    <n/prep>    'side' or vicinity/next to, beside
nemb, (-)nem(b), nemmVd; cun(V)r    <n>    sign; written sign, letter
nethl/rå-    <v>    to begin, take up
(-)n(d)ennå-    <v>    to compensate for, pay
[ -ngos (-ngessi/y-)    <suff>    PAST or PERFECT TENSE ] (= -eid/C-)
nēr-, thir-, n(d)uig-ef, -(h)wdh, -wc, -io(n); maech; paer-    <adv>    ahead, in the front
(n)ilog-; fangoch-; gesseg- ~ gwssod,th-    <v>    to stray
nimm-åch(VC), -al(w)f, nammob    <n>    harvest
ninchå- / nichlå-    <v>    to beat, batter; forge
nob-nå-, -rå-, gå-/gu-nob-; g/i/m-ondlå-    <v tr>    to read
nomor, nombr    <n>    house, building (of a particular type?)
nwdh(å)-, nydhiå-; e/wmphå-    <v>    to shine
nothrå-    <v>    to hold up, sustain, support, carry (vs. [CL?] nóthål = cleub/d "common, together-held")
[ numåg    <n>    house, dwelling ]
nha-god, -gotlh, nhwgad/th; pothor(ag)    <n>    (wooden) platform or covering
nhamrå-    <v>    to taste; to try on; to try as a measure (solution)
-ob/-oeb; -ui(b,v)/-u-b,v; -lo/-(th)al(C); -(n)ång; -ethrw-/-irdh    <suff>    PAST PARTICIPLE [yet consider the cross-continental similarity of W -edig, Turk. (tanı)dık]
obol(C)-: obol(thå)-    <v intr vs. tr>    to pass (of time) vs. to shout, yell
oboth, ebaith, obweth; åphr-ol(C)    <n>    light(weight)ness
ochon, Vchon    <n>    manner, way, method
-od, -iod; -alt; -iph (-eb?); -von(C)    <suff>    same sense as in Finnish -nto (also cf. Lat. -ura) - vs. "sth ..ed" = *-(u)kwā, *-p-, *-(i)kl-, *-Vnk-
odhw-b, -v    <n>    star
odri-, cydri-; ie(i)giå-; uthå-    <v>    to rise (up), arise
-(o)en; -ag, -(d)wg, -dw(f/b), -n/dul; -ui(l/r)    <deriv suff>    any basic essentiality (NOT the instrument!) which allows or underlies actions (e.g. edr-, (t/c)ådr-oen = message)
ogoph ~ hodhoph    <n>    key [ergo, (h)og-, hodh- = *to open]
oldeg, ?goldeg; gwodon    <n>    nest, lair
om(b)gal, (g)omph-wng, -ach; (b/h)unth-an, -ad; monang/t; tofn-aes, -(d)Vrth    <n>    pier, wharf
om-    <pn>    that, there [is the verb below from same base, as if Fi. *tuontaa/tuonna-n ?]
ommå-, ond-ra(b)-    <v tr>    to translate, interpret
-(o)m(ph-)    <suff>    = Finn. -(i)lu ?
omphVs/d, ochath; iammeg /mh    <n>    platform; pier, wharf
(on)ammå-; iaethå-/iag(ad)-; san-/soen-/seunå-/(s)aedh-; m(b)åthnå-, (c)athnwg-    <v intr>    to grow
onchwth-; wphdåch-; (i)oth(d)wch-    <v intr>    to burst, explode
ong, on(a)th, onh-V-, w:ch [*onkw- (var. *enkw-)]    <n>    house (sense ?= Sem. bayt) [= telwth; bre(n)god]
onoch(l-), onchwd; II) onch-i, -V (?t..)    <n>    interior; II) prep. inside
ophon, ophw-g, -(i)th; m/ban(t)hål    <n>    cloud; island
(C)or(ph)ath-    <v>    to weave, knit
or(th)ob, or(o)th; gonoch; t-, s-ochob    <n>    trunk, stem
ost-lwd, -lonc/ng etc.    <n>    shack, shed, warehouse
-(o)th    <suff>    a suffix with LOCATIVE [= -(h)wd], ADVERBIAL or GERUND-like sense (i.e., Finn. -an, -aan vs. Lat. -ndo)
othmaer-    <n>    garland, crown
othob- / ethebiå-    <v>    to rescue, save vs. to envelop, constitute / comprehend
wtholch/malluch; prathVg; rho(go)st; (t)ain-ith, -ig    <n>    chair, seat
p-, t-(a)eg-in, -on; nach-al, -il    <prep>    (along) with, following, after (= cedrå; prochor), by
padhVb; nhaenc/ng    <n>    direction, heading
(p)ador; saef; angu(f); tad(a)eg; cidif    <n>    hand ~ fist
panwVg; drich-an/-un    <n>    week
parwb, parVph    <n>    smoke
pau(v-); engw, iôg; (b)riw-; (t)noe ~ (t)naub    <n>    species, sort
pe(i)chid, pachåb    <adj>    empty
pelt, pilt; meg-en, -Vn; [machoth]    <n>    skill, (personal) quality
pem(m-), penu(th)    <n>    shoulder
[ pen-roch-    <v>    to fit through ]
pen(e)v, pen(o)v [*pinma- ~ *kwinma-], pynnach/s; othnwng, ioged/th, cinad, c(a)ethni    <n>    door
peudh, peuth(VC)    <n>    quality, trait, characteristic
pewd/n(VV,VC) ~ pýr(iad)    <n>    trip, short excursion
pich(obCå)-; (hi)othad-, oth-iun-    <v>    to wake up
pinchedr    <n>    wheel(ery?) vs. transport (ride), wagon, wain
pion-, puin-, pong-(c)håth, -dol    <n>    art, drawing(s); (pion(t), pýnVd = b/mavag, b/maeg = wgoth) habit
pir-/pi(n)g(å)-    <v>    to arrive
pith-r, -ro, b/pennwr; rådl-V(C) [dl/dn]    <n>    world
plaeg, ploeg, plath-r, -an; neun(d)    <n>    drinking-vessel (cf. othn-Vr, -anc; nync glass-container, bottle)
plammab; glon(th)Vl-    <n>    headgear; hat(s); helmet(s)
planchå-, plach(d/n)å-; thó-iunth-    <v>    to cook, boil
plenn-; agr-/(h)e(i)gr-; saeg/l    <adj/elem>    new
pob-, pobuinå-    <v>    to hear, listen
podor    <n>    lodging, accommodation, shelter
[ pollon    <n>    space, room ] (= othonc, h/cathon; tr/pral-(a)f, -of )
pommod; (t)honnod; praen; (g)rach-an, -ol    <n>    leg ~ foot
pon(g)Vr; thwdhrod; trellåb, trelch-u, -ån    <n>    seat, throne [cntr. *kwån(d)umba > ponom "image"]
ponorth/donorth    <n>    wide cleft, pass or passageway
por-    <v>    to (come to an) end, conclude [also transitive?]
√p(o)thóp, kw(o)thóp [th/s]    <root>    light, illuminate > lamp
poth'r-, pun(tlh)ath; (c)uthan ~ ceth(y)f    <n>    year
prad-os, -enc, -hal(C-)    <n>    verse(s), poem
praig, praith; navog v/w    <n>    rubble, any material crushed or ground
premmå-; agr/adhrå-    <v tr>    to go meet, to stand in front of; ?answer for
prenn(-Vl, -eb, -anc)    <n>    intelligence, intellect, wits; recollecting, record (-ol-, -ur, -uth)
preul (br-); hâd(h), -oth    <adj>    far, distant (*-adv)
princhå-    <v tr>    to store, keep safe, record
proch-; (C)anhod-/(C)onhod-    <v>    to touch
pw:d, pwd-uf, -ath    <n>    area, space or time between
[ pulob    <adj>    other, another / else? ]
pwn-, t(h)ån-dril-iång, -iod(h), -(d)wg, -t    <n>    music
pun(chå)-, pon-    <v>    to reply; to answer for
pun(u)r, punth(a)r    <n>    land (region); world
pýdå- / piod(å)-    <v>    to lie, be located
raed(o)- ~ raedhol- [o/i]    <n (+ adj?)>    early hour
[ ramag; tond-i/u-    <n>    boot ]
rammach ~ gr/tranhach    <n>    hour
ramphå-, ?gr-    <v>    to face, go towards
[ ranc(h)ol    <v>    chamber vs. cell ]
rånh-, (t)rånth-    <adj stem>    second, not first; another
[ ran-ath, -oth    <n>    sight, eyes ] = dothVr, dothr(u); plûd(h)
[ rathir-, rassVr-, ranghå(r)-; toch(o)n-    <n>    firwood(s) / pinewood(s) ]
re(i)niå-, ?gr..    <v>    to carry, take, transport
reo-b, -g, -th, riuth; pen-eg, -og    <n>    trait, characteristic
reus    <n>    expense, responsibility
rimmoch ~ rofnwch    <n>    *staring, stare
-ri(n)    <suff>    ??
rin(t)hir, ronhåth; pVnchr-    <n>    cogwheel
-ro, -rý (-oer), -dhó    <suff>    a suffix with DATIVE (= -(iå)f, -iol; prep. (n)do), DYNAMIC (= -eu, -oe(w), -dl, is(se)b, os(so)b) or TRANSLATIVE sense (= -oe-ch, -b, -phwb)
roeth, roef    <n>    spine
[ rommV-l, -n; rhobwn; go(n)thwg    <n>    sound, voice ]
ron-    <v/stem>    to exist vs. to maintain; put in order, organize : ronor = cosmos
rud(V)r-, rhathr-; c/hiroch    <n>    garden [= c/han(n)wb ?]
run(d)rith    <n>    region, domain [a word of the next language below?]
rynthwr; advaeg, odlaich; pothVgl; (t,th)Vdalch    <n>    an animal's nest or hole
rh(a)edhol    <adj/adv>    like a single group or mass = together [= troch(o)n-, promm(og)]
rhāg; d/m/nolch    <prep>    after, since
rhamphå-    <v>    to wish, bid vs. to notice (= atheb-/athob-)
rhanch, rhå(å)ch, rhanVb, rháb(-am) [*sra(n)kw-]    <n>    chain [= hidach]
rhang-do, -no [a/e]    <n>    space, roominess, room
rhel(-thå-, -Cå-) etc.    <v>    to scrape, scratch
rheth-ni(l-), rheth-nå(g), etc.    <n>    age, era
(-)rhid(iå)-, (-)rhaed/th(å)-    <v>    to search, make a quest
rhigo, rhaeg-, graeg; agaf; lhon(od)    <prep>    behind [= cŷv, ciåv], around ["around, about" = cein(io); tollwd]
r(h)imboth, (g)rambåth, hun(d)oth    <n>    rapids
rhi(n)gå-; c/ngov(oth)-; (C,di)ass(ag)-; hwdrå-    <v>    to fall (#1: slowly)
rhod/g-; ith/uth-rod-; rhenthiå-    <v>    to carry, bear, support
r(h)ogoth, r(h)amm- (+unit suff) [*srok-, *sraβak]    <n>    a male youth
rhont, rhon(h)oth; nhad(dh)wn    <n>    summer
rhovod-, rhaud-, rha(n)god-    <v>    to admit, grant
rhofl; on(d)rad/th    <n>    earth (ground, soil)
rhugVd; (d)ychi, (d)uch(i)-ad, -ath    <n>    vapour, gas
sab(å)-, seibiå-; iaeth(å)- [*jak's(t)-]    <v>    to belong
sael, soe-d, -g    <adj>    important, significant
[ sagolthå- / sagob-Cå- (etc.)    <v tr / refl>    to hide / to go into hiding ]
sanach    <n>    enterable thing, i.e. room, space, cave
sanwr: sanorCå-, sene(i)riå-    <n: v>    entrance: to enter
sar- ~ sarthå-    <v>    to arrange, put in order, organize; to arrange for sth (to happen)
saroth, dharVth [< *z-]    <n>    device, means (vs. tharol, theiri-)
s/tarphå-, (s)irchå-; drång(h)å-    <v>    to understand, comprehend
sastå-    <v tr>    to conclude, bring to end
sathug-, sathiog-    <v tr>    to break, smash, etc.
sav-, sudh-V(C), sang(h)Vn, saen    <dem pn>    this (one)
sawanc ~ seuonc    <n/adv>    sufficience, enough
seb-    <v>    to guard, monitor; to obey, follow
(sef)rach, thwch-, sui-raeth [*-kt-]    <n>    winter [= (t)aphorch, iú-/ý-derch, iV(V)råth]
segol-    <n>    look; appearance
seich(-) ~ hae(å)g; mindro; tenghVd/tommud    <prep>    after, since
selphå-/selimphå-; nanglå-; cunVrphlå-; dun-/lhoth-guiriå-    <v>    to pour
sendrå-, c/hendrå-    <vt/?vi>    to dry
seph(Cå)-; mon(t)hå-    <v>    to sleep ~ to dream vs. to mean, indicate, be precise
serev-Cå- [s/th]    <v tr>    to mend, repair, bring to right
sim(m)-leg, -(d)raeg, -gaph, -fod; (m)blVngr(on); then(n)asb; rheibiol; tro(e)do(b); po(n)thrw(l)    <n>    window
son(n)-Vg, -Vth    <n>    light
sovol, sovl-aur, -aug, sVn(n)ae(f), thanygl    <n>    measurement of journey-length (kilometer, mile aut sim.)
swnghå-    <v>    to shine vs. to surround
syl-, siul-, sa(e)ch-, sog- [L/DH]    <pref>    past, by, overtaking
(t)åg-, (t)och-rVth-, -ruithå-    <v tr>    to burn / singe
tae-g, -C; ýb(ad), ýg(on); nêw-    <n, pron>    someone, a person
tain; coe; se(i)ngi, suinc    <adj, adv, prep>    before
tandrå-, tanchå-    <v>    to climb
tá(n)g(h)Vth; glyv-oph, -oth; iassånc; igwos    <n>    ray, beam
taphr-ol, -os, -oth    <n>    shagginess, mess, disorder
taråch-    <v>    to follow
tastå- / thastå-    <v>    to mix, blend
ta(u)rwl    <adv/prep>    after, trailing, following [vs. taurald, a 3L word]
[ tavad, tagod    <n>    noise, louder sound ]
ta(e)w(in), teiw-chV; unwg; vreg-on, -in; iadag/iedVg; novob/g; ha(ngh)e / chadra    <prep>    for the sake of, because of, due to
teiniå- [*kj/tjanj-]    <v tr>    to conceal, bury
t(e)iadhon(n), t(e)iann [t vs. k]    <n>    care, mindfulness
t-, th-e(i)chiå- [*-a(3a)kh-j-]    <v>    to dig, excavate
(t)em, tei(a)m / sým / mýb, meub / p/celf, p/celw    <pn>    (my-, your-, etc.) self; own, personal
tem(o)r    <n>    place of stone(s); rockface
tenvå, tenw    <n>    (good) state, condition (vs. cingro "(any) status")
teph(å)-; fov-, faudhå-; (m)brossa-    <v>    to carry
terdh, terelh    <n>    mark, marking
teul, teud/dh    <n>    flood, inundation
tev(o)r [t. vs. c-]; eub(Vg); nog(e)n    <n>    field
tid'hoch; geneth    <n>    cave
tinn-, tind-; cistol(VC)    <adj stem>    nearby; soon to happen [= (g)remmol ?]
(t)lanåch    <n>    weather?
tlVnnå-, tlwnnå- [tl / pl / gl]    <v>    to stand (stay standing, remain upright)
tlaulå-; (c/t)lindlå; (m)eged-C/iå-    <v>    to wait for; to expect
tló-, tlý-girdh (tl/dl/etc.); arch-d/nio-d, -th    <n>    hunger
tlogwi, tlob-od, -oth (o-/u-/i-)    <n>    ear
tlonn; gadoch/cunuch; sonob    <n>    wall, barrier; shield
tluchu(g); tol-v/m-onc; dovog/dommugVth    <n>    plank, beam
t/c/podr-och, -al    <adj/n>    brown?
tondlå-; (n)uglod-    <v>    to wash away, to rinse
to(no)ch, tôm [*ton(o)kw-, *ton'gw- : JMJ/131]    <n>    presence? pace? vs. characteristic, ability [= cufr]
tonwil [with #taun- or *tunwa-]; thachnwb/l; från-ol, -oth; hwVchåth(-VC)    <n>    wing [#tonw/t(a)unw = dual "wings"?]; (?)al. ewd [*ebto-], cabath, m/brass, m/bross
tophwnc, tebanc; poth(n)wf    <n>    cup, dish
tor-; tach-; bav-; io(n)g- / nyg- / (gr,pr)a(n)g-    <pref>    to the inside, in(to)
t/th(i)wch-, nuv-, poth-, tha(n)-roldhå-    <n>    to yield crop, to bear as fruit
th/habrå-    <v>    to make up (form) or consist of
thaer(ad); iadVth; sana(C)/senyf    <prep>    until
thagrå-    <v>    to taste; ?to try
tham-, thang-rå-    <v>    to cool (intr)
th-andrå- (c-, p-)    <v intr>    to remain seated, sit
thann-os, -ach; obwnc    <n>    moon(light)
th(å)r-an, -in(d); ming; idlodh/th; mâch-/maen    <adv/prep>    atop, over, (up)on
thár-od, -oth, thar(w)eb    <n>    dream, vision
thechlo/a- ~ techol    <n>    high grass, hay (vs. urth-on, -ål; matlheg = green grass)
thennå-    <v>    to feel, sense
thevrå-, thavrå-    <v tr>    to touch
thêw; th/sogwn    <adv>    much, a lot vs. very
thi-, thondrå-    <v>    to rule, dominate, control
(th)ognå-; nenghå-; igrå-; cedheth-, cVnhåth-; c/hibrå-; pr/troch-, (C)wm-roch-    <v>    to pierce, go through
tho-(n)eb, -nob, thåbech; cr/tof(o)n; teneunc ~ teungi; må(n)ch-(C)VC; cunu-g, -ph; nhei(gi)åC    <n>    island
thondrå-    <v>    to mix/get mixed, mingle, etc.
thov(å)-    <v>    to copy, imitate
thûn, thun-w(ch), -chaph; saer; Vphoth; cún-ech, -ys, -aeth; moss-ab, -eng, mach(a)es    <prep>    across, beyond
thunwå-; cothlå-    <v tr>    to dress, wrap
tra-bVr, -wor; abarch    <n>    flesh, meat
tramba-C, -ch    <n>    month
tressu(b,l); nha(u)ng(å)    <prep>    beyond, across
triu(d,g)å-, trýra-    <v>    to exist, be found
tronå-    <v tr>    to observe; to read
trunoth    <n>    pillar, column
tuen, tuin, týn (T/S) [*s-, *t-onjo-]    <n ?du>    knee(s) [= ch-, s-avag-]
tuigr, tuigon    <n>    fireplace
tuiniol/tyniol; uguin, uchinn, i/uchod; aphach    <n>    box, container
[ tumråg    <adv, prep>    atop, (lying) on ]
tun(n)Vch / tun(n)uichå-    <n / v>    birth / be born
uchoch, (C)V-choch [*kso-kk-, *-ks-]    <n>    horror, terror
ud(Cå)- ~ uthå-, crothå-; (ne)iab-; dr-, fr-och(å)-    <v>    to mark down, to write
udhw-b, -ch, udhor; hu-, ra-gan(t); ia-, (n)V-thwl; thamr, (th)ubur    <n>    daylight, day
ud(o)r, udar    <n>    layer, storey
udug, ochVth, odoch    <n>    errand, task
uid(h)-; rhon-; tåg-, -dwn/-thwn    <n>    AUGMENTATIVE
uig    <n>    trace, remain(s)
[ -uir    <suff>    VERBAL NOUN/INFINITIVE (DATIVE?) ]
uithå- [*uk(u)t-]    <v tr>    to turn vs. to carry over; to translate
uitho-g, -l; br/mrassog; (C)óth(a)eb; s/tadh(g)orth; cr/frådh-ol, -Vn    <n>    stair, step [but h-/i-onthå- = to step]
ul(lå)ch ~ udub; tuol, tûl; nhâr, wnghor    <adj>    black
um-ral-; Cåmbagl- ~ hångwoth-; ianchol-; g(r)Vdhlo(b)-    <v>    to swallow
[ umsech    <n>    cave, underground space (OIr.t. item?) ]
undrod; uthwch-VC; rammob    <n>    pit; delving
(C)u(n)dub    <n>    moisture, dew
wn(n)-ob, -Vg    <adv>    some, a little (bit)
-unt, -ynt    <suff>    3RD PLURAL
(')u/y-rain(t), V(C)roen, uir(o)n    <prep>    toward(s)
[ urunnå- ~ (g)irinnå-    <v>    to hold ] = nu-, nó-thol-
usta-    <v>    to touch upon, trail the side of vs. to conquer
Vsteir, Vst(i)or    <n>    side, board, rib
uthiå-, usgå-    <v>    to fall over, tumble
uthrod-    <v refl>    to sit down
-v(Vr), -fr, -wåd/g; -phwn; -chal; -ró(C); -(th/g)wb    <suff>    INSTRUMENTAL (by, using, with help of) - vs INSTR. INF. = -ein(i)r or -uir, -uid(h)/oedh/-waed(h)
ýbå-, oeb-    <v>    to know, be aware of
yby-nc, (C)ubaich, (C)úbai-d(h), -f    <n>    beard
-y(ch), -AIL/-EIL, -gåv/-(i)wg, -(A)W(F)/-V-, -ui-v/d(h), -(ó)m [*-ps- etc!]    <suff>    suffixes with ABLATIVE and PROLATIVE sense
yd(a)r, ydor, iod(e)r [*jutar-]    <n>    circumstance, condition
ylt, ylyd, yled    <n>    region, domain, large area
ymp(heon, -h-ion)    <n>    wing, ?-s
ynt(a)wch, ynthaun(c), ynthoe    <n>    vineyard; garden [?ewh. t(h)å(m)begn-]; fruit-crop
ýthå-, ychod-; iavag-, lavag-    <v>    break off, become separate, loosened
ythri(b,l); f/pedoth    <n>    tip, "head"






: Appendix: Development of Various Combinations in a Welsh-like Language :

[-e-d'r-] > -air (-eir-) : JMJ § 104
[-o-g'l-] > -oel : Ward (hoel) [-u-g'r-] > -oer : Ward (lloer)	[-u-ga(t-)] > -eu(ad) : Ward (lleuad)
[-ē-g's; -ā-y(ū-)] > -ui : Ward (mordwy; mwy)	[-i-y-, -i-ya-, -ye-] > -iδ, -uia-, -aea- : JMJ § 75
[-V-ks-] > -ach/-aes; -ech; *-ich/-is(g); -aus; -uch/-üch (JMJ p. 142)	[-V-kt-] > -aeth; -eith; -íth/-aith; -uith (JMJ § 69)
[-e-kw-] > -eb : JMJ § 65	[-o-kw-] > -ob (JMJ p. 125) but [-o-nkw-] > -úch (p. 137)
[-a-l'm- / -a-lmi-] > -alv / -elv : Ward	[-e-l's(V)-] > -eɬ : JMJ p. 137
[-a-mb-ra-] > *-amər (-amra-) : JMJ p. 151	[-u-mn(a)-] > -ovn : JMJ § 68
[-a-p's-] > -ach/-aes : JMJ p. 144 (W)	[-e-pe(s)] > -ui : JMJ p. 102
[-i-sk-] > -ich (JMJ p. 109), -uch (p. 142), -isg- (cf. W esgob < Lat)	[-V-s'n-] > -V:-n : JMJ p. 143
[-e-sor-, *-a-sor-] > -aer, -air : JMJ pp. 101-102 [-e-sol-] > -eol : Ward (heol)	[-i-su-] > -iu : JMJ p. 102
[-i-t'r(o)-] > -idr : Ward (hydr)
[-o-wa(n-)] > -aw(an-) : JMJ p. 104	[-u-wa(n-)] > -ew(an-) : JMJ p. 104
[-V-z'd-] > -áth; *-éth; -íth; etc. : JMJ p. 144

—— ♦ ——



::  ' What Was Like the Stone of Sun? '  ::


Accusative  ~ {sfx} ~  -Vg(a,i) / -di(m,n), -du(m,n) / -pin, -pVn
add  ~ {v} ~  s-n-z-; d./t.-z-l-; kub-un-
age; era  ~ {n} ~  marzal-; ʔ-t.(t.)-n(n)-
air  ~ {n} ~  (t)a(n)phukh-, sunukh-; punub / i(n)pha, -th
all, everything  ~ {n/pn/root} ~  zanag/k-; khudd-/khidd-
among, amidst, in the middle of  ~ {prep} ~  r-t.-k.; ph-n-g/k.; t.-y-n/th
amount, number  ~ {n} ~  hunu(u)th- / hunaath-
another, other —: {adj} :— ʔ-r-p-g
approach —: {vb stem} :— gin-ith-; laz-an-
arrive; be next —: {v} :— hun-ub / huC-ub-
art; artwork  ~ {n} ~  mizag
attain, reach  ~ {v 4-rad.} ~  h/h.-t.-s-n
attempt, try  ~ {v} ~  b/w-n-q-; k-n/s-th-
bag  ~ {n} ~  nukhma
bake, make cakes or bread  ~ {v stem} ~  sh/th-y(y?)-g-
bathe  ~ {v} ~  tun-uq- / dun-uq-
be, exist vs. appear  ~ {v} ~  (r-)n-š- / n-y-š-
be on top, topmost  ~ {v} ~  y/:-k-ph-
before, in front of  ~ {prep} ~  z-q-n / z-y-q
begin, start  ~ {v} ~  kh/z-n-r-; tisil- / tišil-
behind  ~ {prep} ~  ʔuz-im, -um
believe  ~ {v} ~  (ʔ-)l-d-kh
belong, be a part/section (of sth)  ~ {v} ~  ʔud/t.-ur-; ph/k/yadh-ak.-
belt  ~ {n} ~  us(Vn)n-; kha(dh)rawph / khidhriib/p, khadarp-uu / -ul
better, fairer  ~ {adj} ~  l-n-g- / g-n-l-; r-n-ph-
between  ~ {prep} ~  (ʔ-)k./th-sh-ph
bind  ~ {vn} ~  k/kh-m-b-
birth: give birth (to)  ~ {v} ~  (p/l)umug-; rat.ag- (> Intensive or Causative Stem?)
boat, vessel  ~ {n} ~  k-n-r; ʔunkhath, ʔunthag
boil  ~ {v} ~  ʔ/gh-d.-r-
book, tome  ~ {n} ~  thawk/kh-, thVmk-a, -u
'box', non-round container  ~ {n} ~  k/kh/th-n-s.- / ʔ-kh-s-d(d-); k.-ph-(n)d-; l-n-q-
branch  ~ {n} ~  q-th-kh/q; ʔ-n-k-ph
bread  ~ {n} ~  h.-d/d.-q-
bridge  ~ {n} ~  b/mV-nmVg; yuusan(n)-, yuthann-
bright, brightness  ~ {adj/n stem} ~  y-r-g-; j-n-th-; ʔ/y-s.-d-; ʔ-ph-th-
build, construct  ~ {v} ~  ʔ-k.-b- / y-q-d- / ʔ-d.-g/kh-; h.-d.-b/z-; kuph-uth/C-; m-n-z- / nuz.-un/C-; t.-r-d-; n-d(d)-g-
burn  ~ {v} ~  t-q-d./z-; t-r-g/k.- / t-d-k.-
bury  ~ {v} ~  ʔ-k.-t.-; ʔ-m-ph- / ʔ-n-th-ph-
carry  — (v stem) —  r-ff-s/th-; :-l-t-b-; ʔ-n-th-g-
catch (cold, fire)  ~ {v} ~  ʔuttVh./kh-
centre  ~ {n} ~  unbān- / unumb- / anamb-
change, switch  ~ {v} ~  (ʔ-)t.-w-n-
child/baby  ~ {n} ~  gaabaws.-, guubaws.- / Vgs.aab-, -uub- [s./d./n]
choose, select  ~ {v} ~  ʔ-l-g-d-
city  ~ {n} ~  yw:mig; ukhosh/okhish-thanom-zVl/punaath
close, shut  ~ {v} ~  huth-ub-; p-y-g/k.-; y-th-n- / y-n-sh-; p/jun-uk(h)-; lunug/gh/z.-
clothing: piece of ~  ~ {n} ~  åt.n-u / wt.n-u / wgn-u; z/dhak.un(n)/s(s)/th-
coin; heavy necklace  ~ {n} ~  (C-)s.-b; h.-r-s.
collide (?with)  ~ {v} ~  yanak.-; pukhud.-; khaphas./th- / kharath-
come  ~ {v} ~  (n-)n-z-; nam-ab-
consist (of), include (+prep?)  ~ {v} ~  d-n-kh-; p-dh-k.-m-
contribute (with)  ~ {v} ~  p-d-g-; y-s/th-g-
copy  ~ {v} ~  ʔun/ud/ub-uk.-
corner  ~ {n} ~  yulak
count, reckon  ~ {v} ~  ʔ-p/ph-g/k.; d-n/r-s-; b/m-ʔ-d.; y-th/t.-n-
creak  ~ {v} ~  kywn-ñg/tarrak.-; th/ʔurrat.-
cross, go across  ~ {v} ~  (t-)l-z-d./g-; ʔ-d-z/k-
dawn  ~ {n} ~  b/puq-un-
depart, take one's leave  ~ {v} ~  f-n-f-d- (quadrirad.)
device  ~ {n} ~  mVdg-V:; talgunnVt-
devour  ~ {v} ~  kh(-n)-sh-d; kh-b-y-q; (r-)d-l/n-q; n-sh-t./d
disappear  ~ {v} ~  ʔ-r-kh-th-
divide; ?distribute  ~ {v} ~  p-q-d-; q/kh(-n)-j-b-; g/ʔ-z-d-
do, make  ~ {v} ~  ʔ-z-kh-
dream  ~ {n} ~  khizam / khinath
drink  ~ {v} ~  n-g-b-
dwell, 'live'  ~ {v} ~  kub-un-; ʔaz-ab/p.-
each other, mutually  ~ {rpn / adv} ~  (t,th)alkud(d-)
eat  ~ {v} ~  nak.ad- / n/khuduk.-
end, be concluded  ~ {v} ~  y-l-s/s. / m-n-k./s-
era, time-period  ~ {n} ~  r-n-q-; s-gh/d-z(-y); unaddin/uphaddin
erect or carve a stone  ~ {v} ~  p-j-l
escort, accompany  ~ {v} ~  mapan- / namap-
excuse, pretext  ~ {n} ~  winwaaT-
eye  ~ {n} ~  ʔibqaad- / ʔibquud- / ʔi/ub(b)aqd-
face  ~ {n} ~  (kh)i(n)zat(t-)
fall  ~ {v} ~  ʔid-ig-; g-th-n-, g-dh-n-
fall (only in sense "suffer defeat, be overthrown"[1] ?)  ~ {v} ~  apaz- / (C)ankaz-, akhaz-; [1] = khazath-, kunzakh-, nak.inzad-
fat; be/make fat  ~ {adj / v} ~  ʔip.-ikh-; y/d.ak.(-al, -ad vs. Nsb. -VCC); udyub/l-; ukhudh/z.-
fatigue  ~ {n} ~  kununkat.(t.)- / (s)uthkV(nV)th- / sathunkat.
fear / awe / freeze from fear  ~ {stem} ~  C(-g)-y-m/b-, C-d-y-m/b-, C-m-b-
fill (up)  ~ {v} ~  l/tlh-q-d-; ʔ-ph-d/th- / ʔ-p-h./kh-; d/n-m-k.-; (k)h/kudub- [= stem/radicals of 'full']
fit, go; be fitting  ~ {v} ~  g-dh-b-; hadh-an- / naz-an-
flap, beat (wings)  ~ {v} ~  huph-us-
flesh, meat  ~ {n} ~  kum-uh./kh- : kumha(a)n ?
float  ~ {v} ~  y-t.-m- / ya'-ak./at.-
flood  ~ {v} ~  h/ph-tlh-kh- / h/ph-t.-l-kh-
flower, wild-flower  ~ {n} ~  gaph-an- / giph-in-; y/C-th-n-
follow, trail  — (v) —  k-t-r-; munub-; rusub-, ruthub-; madas.-
forest  ~ {n} ~  šin(na)khath / šankhu(u)th
form  ~ {n} ~  (t.)anduk / (t.)unduk
forward, forth  ~ {adv} ~  aakib/ph(-)
freeze  ~ {v} ~  h/ʔ-d/j-kh-; ʔajad/kh/th-; p(r)/r-m-p./k.-
from; originate  ~ {prep / v stem} ~  s-k-b/d-; l-k.-dh/z
gaol-cell  ~ {n} ~  umi(kh)kh- / umbunk-
gate(way)  ~ {n} ~  anthag (th/sh); mag-, man-ag- : mangthå
get up, arise  ~ {v} ~  ʔujur-; ʔ-y(y)-s/th-; yak.ad-
glass; mug  ~ {n root} ~  ʔ/d/h-k.-d-
glimpse  ~ {v} ~  udlag-, udnag-, udrag-; y-t.-n-
glory, splendour vs. being/coming early, first  ~ {n} ~  u/ipad(d-), u/ippaad-
grass  ~ {n} ~  pazakh / khunzakh
green  ~ {adj} ~  hro-'Vsh, '-udh / kh-d-r(-r) / z.-(n)d-r
ground  ~ {n} ~  ʔut.ub / ʔunub
grovel, creep  ~ {v} ~  ʔ-p.-r-k.-
hammer  ~ {n} ~  k.ul(in)k.az, -(i)t-; mankaz, makhaz(z-)
hand  ~ {n} ~  maanak- / maaCak-
haven, harbour  ~ {n} ~  kuthak/kh / tinag/k/kh; y-l-t./th
hide, conceal  ~ {v} ~  d/d.uz.-ug-; (o-s?) t-l-p-s-
high  ~ {adj} ~  (C)imy-u, (C)imb-u
hill  ~ {n} ~  a(dak)k-wt, -wd
history  ~ {n} ~  makkid-, makked-
hoof / horse's foot; horse's gait  ~ {n} ~  mi-nkåb/ph-
hope, wish  ~ {v} ~  m-y-b-
house  ~ {n} ~  ûk-in, -un; intak-; kinth-/kono(m)b-; (s./jam)mawg-i(n), -a(n); d/ginzaavak- / da/dunzak/duz(z)wnk-a-, -Ca-; od(Vn)gip/b-
incomplete: be ~; be fermenting  ~ {v} ~  yaraq- / yanat.-
infiltrate  ~ {v} ~  y-s-ph- / ʔ(-g)-s-d/dh-; (with energetic effort) m-n-mš- (4-rad.)
island  ~ {n} ~  a/ittayg-; ki/kunthaad-
item, ware  ~ {n} ~  igad, igath
journey  ~ {n} ~  ampVd(d)-
knife  ~ {n} ~  uk.at; m/n(u')askhit(t-), isswkh(t)i(C) [#('-)s-kh-t.- 'to cut']
know, be aware of  ~ {n} ~  num-ug/ud-; ʔ-t-s-
ladder  ~ {n} ~  ut.awq- / unt.Vkk- / d/l/nVq(un)tad/q-; k-n-t.-
lake  ~ {n} ~  kuthan(da); b/khôdul; pun-ath, -atlh; khammug-t-; g/kathkīn
lamp; Sun  ~ {n} ~  ʔuk.(k.)Vb / ʔok.V(m)b-; m/bVnalt-
land (ground, dry region)  ~ {n} ~  zanad
land a boat  ~ {v} ~  rath-ag-; kh/pun-uth-
leaf  ~ {n} ~  (sh)appat/d-, sh/tapa(n)k/(n)g-; padpån-; s.-n-kh; bi(n)dvut/d-; uthvi, uthumb(i)
leave, abandon  ~ {v} ~  y/ʔ/z-p-q.; d/z.-n-t.-
leg  ~ {n} ~  pa(a)nat
level, layer, floor  ~ {n} ~  (dh/n)akim / (dh/n)ikam
lid, cover  ~ {n} ~  (l/r-)t.-h/h.-g
lie, rest  ~ {v} ~  yat.am- / yak.am-
lock  ~ {n} ~  ʔibTaw/d/dh-; ph(-l)-n-q-
look at (esp. progressively), observe  ~ {v} ~  lan-as.-; tal-ad-; k/dh/than-ag-
meet, encounter  ~ {v stem} ~  t-r-d./t.-; h./kh-n-d/th-
middle, centre, focus  ~ {n/adj/v stem} ~  d-p-n; q-n-b-; yun-ug/d.-; (l,s)ʔub-ud.-
milked animal, pasturer (of any size)  ~ {n} ~  k(h)uyyawph-, k(h)un(g)yawph-; (d)ambaugiid/g
'money', immediate wealth  ~ {n} ~  githwm/n; ukhud/ph
more; adding, increase  ~ {adv; n; v} ~  g/kiz-an- / -un-
morning, dawn  ~ {n root} ~  l-z-t.-; (t)uyyanag
mouth  ~ {n root} ~  k/hu(n)sar [(n)s/th/p]
near, next to  ~ {n} ~  ranadh; phaynag; (w)iz(Vg)gat; k-m-d/n
need, require  ~ {v root} ~  ʔ-s.-t.-; kh-n-q-
night  ~ {n} ~  pidag; udab, uduph
north; (?cold) wind  ~ {n} ~  th-y-g-; :/kīphad
note: make a note of  ~ {v} ~  d-t.-n-; yalaq- [cp. against laqat.- = to notice or detect!]
number  ~ {n} ~  (C)wlnash
once  ~ {adv} ~  paw(wa)k.an, puk.Vmb-V(n)
open  ~ {v} ~  g-th/sh-n-; (t.-)r-b-kh-; (ʔ-)r-sh-d-
ore, ?metal; to mine  ~ {n / v root} ~  ʔ-q/k-n-
origin, source  ~ {n} ~  (ʔ-)m/(n)g-z-b; p-d-k-
other, second  ~ {adj} ~  p/y-k.-m-
pack (in bag etc.)  ~ {v} ~  ʔik(k)at-; mik.-id-
page of tome  ~ {n} ~  ušš-a(a)kh, -ekh-
pale, ~ness  ~ {adj/n} ~  s-w-kh-; t/k-n-l-
Past/Pf. Tense marker  ~ {sfx} ~  -ar / ish-
peace; peaceful  ~ {n/adj root} ~  l-d-n
peak  ~ {n} ~  sun-ub, -uv
pier  ~ {n} ~  t/thūdak(k-); pukut/th
pierce, penetrate  ~ {v} ~  g-l-d-; ph-n-kh-; ʔ-gh-s-; p-th-r- / kh/sh/g-r-th-
pile (up)  ~ {n / v} ~  ʔ-t.-q-
place, location  ~ {n} ~  unuk.; yanaph; gut.u(u)r / gôt.Vr, gut.r-a, -aw; [stead] #k-n-g-
plan  ~ {v} ~  bam(a)g/k-
plant, flora  ~ {n} ~  (n,p,t,th)ånkhith-; amakh(C)-V / Vmakk-; yun(g)utt-
pour; tilt over  ~ {v root} ~  kh-, ʔid-ig-
precipice, cliff  ~ {n} ~  t-n-t-q/kh; yathsak.-
prepare  ~ {v} ~  dhanaz-/dhamar- / zun.ur-
presence : in the ~ of (CSyr. l-wt)  ~ {prep/ppos} ~  dâk-in, -ib; ʔ-dh/r-k-b
press on, move forward  ~ {v} ~  s.anad/g-
put, place  ~ {v} ~  k-d/t-r; huth-ur-
reach, get to vs. collide  ~ {v} ~  nam-ag-
ready: be ~  ~ {v / adj root} ~  (m-)d-b(-:/h); g-ph-n-
reason, cause  ~ {n} ~  âgim/s/t
reed  ~ {n} ~  p/q-w(-kh)-l-
remain, stay  ~ {v stem} ~  k-s-b-; t-n-m/p- (tanap-, tunup-); ph-n-d-
remember; memory  ~ {v / n root} ~  k-s-b-; k-d-k.-
repair, mend  ~ {v} ~  ʔ-l/n-th-g-; q/z-n-t-kh; dalthan/dalshan
reuse (for intended or different purpose)  ~ {v} ~  thl/lan-ap- / -aq-
ride (a horse)  ~ {v stem} ~  d./zun-uk.-
rise (up), arise  ~ {v} ~  ʔas.-ag-; kit-ib-
river; flow / gush forth  ~ {n; v root} ~  ʔun-us.-; ʔ-ph-d-
road, path  ~ {n} ~  unzik / uznik; guthan / atna / thûnak; luzzawd- / huzza(a)l-
rock, stone  ~ {n} ~  n-t.-qVVt.
rock(face), cliff; rocky basin  ~ {n} ~  m-n-g-; ʔ-d-z-kh / p-d-kh; y-s/th-n(n)-; tlh-n-dh/d-
roll  ~ {v} ~  khunur-; n/Cilit.-
room  ~ {n} ~  (t)w(n)phak; (root) UTHUP-
root  ~ {n} ~  ʔmkhVt(t-); :-th-n-g
row, set (of numbers etc.)  ~ {n} ~  kitim, ketem
rudder  ~ {n} ~  (t)uddug
say, utter, claim  ~ {v} ~  y/tlhudh-uk-; ranab-
sea — (n) — sea, ocean  kh(-b)-n-th-; k-dh-k-:/w-th; g-n-sh/th-l; rathul; ʔu(n)t.-ag/ak- / utlhlha(thw)kh-
seawater; surf  ~ {n} ~  yatlhag-; ʔ/Cutlhud-
second, moment (not a longer unit?)  ~ {n} ~  id(da)thag
sense? guess?  ~ {n / v root} ~  ʔ-r-p(h)-; k-s-b-
serve, service  ~ {v} ~  tanag-; yanad.-
set, lay, place  ~ {v} ~  bawag/k./kh- / bayag/k./kh-
seven? five?  ~ {num} ~  khênab / khēmin
shadow  ~ {n} ~  (C)ûpikk-
shallow  ~ {adj} ~  tabim / tamig / awt.im / phath(g)im
shave  ~ {v stem} ~  m/n/zik.-idh-
ship, navis  ~ {n} ~  zânik; kin(at.)t.ar / k-r-t.-n; t.-n-g; t-n(-r)-t/-k.; p-n(-t)-k.
shoe  ~ {n} ~  ʔ-ph-k-d/th
shoelace  ~ {n/v stem} ~  puth/t.-ul-
shoot  ~ {v} ~  d-z-g-; n-k.-d-
shore, beach; reef, shallow  ~ {n} ~  dunal; tuna(a)th-/unkVth-; kudhun(n-)
shore; breaker (wave)  ~ {n} ~  tum/nzakh; ph-n-t.-; ussakh-; p-n-k.-sh; th-y-kh
shoulder  ~ {n} ~  ud(t)iph/udVpp-; r-m-k.- / r-n-t.-kh / nunrawkh-; h-l-th-k./kh
single, unique, lonely  ~ {adj} ~  j-t.-r; j-r-g; pun-um-; daw-ad/az-
sink, submerge  ~ {v} ~  guz-ub- / g/lud/dh-ub-
sit; be located  ~ {v} ~  r/yath-an-; khan-ath-
sky (syn.), canopy  ~ {n} ~  (k,n)iphad(d-); (#1?) idinka / kubunt-
slay  ~ {v} ~  (p+)l-z.-kh / (p+)d/th-n-kh
sleep  ~ {v} ~  ʔ-d-ph-; h./g-d-r- / ph-d-r-
slight(ly)  ~ {adj/adv} ~  dh-m-k.-
slip; ?fall  ~ {v} ~  ʔ-t.-r-kh
snatch (away)  ~ {v root} ~  ʔup-ukh-
snow  ~ {n} ~  khVdVb-; h.ul/h.udrak(k)-
spark; kindling  ~ {n} ~  (d)ut.kh-ašš-, -ajj-
speed / -y, fastness / fast  ~ {n / adj} ~  t./t-b/s-kh-
spend time  ~ {v} ~  (ʔ-)p/ph-q-t.; ʔ-d./th-n-y
staff, rod  ~ {n} ~  raga(m)b- / kat.a(m)b-
stand  ~ {v} ~  nukh-us/ush- / nuph-us/ush-
straw  ~ {n} ~  tlh/t(h)-p/f-n
street  ~ {n} ~  ʔ-p(p)-g / ʔ-t.(t.)-g; k-z-l/n-..
stretch; rubber  ~ {v; n stem} ~  s.-n-ph-
suckle (on); nipple  ~ {v/n stem} ~  ʔ/d/hut.-ub/up-
suffice  ~ {v} ~  (ʔ-)k-th-m-; ʔ-l-n-d-
Sun  ~ {(pr) n} ~  ʔudh-ur; t-n-t-b/sh (?); g/k-ph-s/z/z.
support  ~ {v root} ~  mig-in-; g-n-b-; yath-ag-
survive  ~ {v} ~  g/mir(r)Vk.-
swallow  ~ {v} ~  ʔ-m-p-s/s.-; ʔ-t./n-g-ph-
sweep (e.g. with broom)  ~ {v} ~  h./t-sh-d-; ʔl-th-kh-; t/sh-g-r-dh (quadrirad.)
swell  ~ {v} ~  (ʔ-)n-p-kh; p-k-th
sword; weapon  ~ {n} ~  z-th-m; t.-n-q
teemed-together  ~ {adj} ~  zhandak- / sanku-a/i- / thanku-a/i-
tell, confer  ~ {v} ~  ʔ-s.-b-; m-n(-y)-z-
ten  ~ {num} ~  ip.al / ûp.al vs. huzar / :uz-Vn
this; here —: {pn stem} :— khid/t-, ik(h)-id/t-
through, via  ~ {prep} ~  ʔ-s.-kh; m-r-kh / m-r-ph
tidal wave  ~ {n} ~  pāmik(h) / pumamyuk(h); kaz(um)-tunz.a; d-l-g-th
tomorrow  ~ {n/adj/adv stem} ~  p/b-t.-n-; ?r-n-th-
tooth; bite  ~ {n/v stem} ~  l/tlh/ruk.-un-; h./khad.-an-
touch  ~ {v root} ~  ʔ-t.-b-; ʔ-n-k-d/s-
toward  ~ {prep} ~  (k)adab
transport, convey, 'take'  ~ {v} ~  n-b(b)-q-
tree vs. wood  ~ {n} ~  ʔwthkut./th / ʔook.ith / ʔuk.(uth)t-adh
try on; attone, reconciliate  ~ {v} ~  (th-)g-r-th [Passive-Vocalisation = "to fit" ?]
try out; taste  ~ {v} ~  ʔ-m-l-d-; k-t-m-
turn (phys.)  ~ {v root} ~  lun-ub-
turn, translate  ~ {v root} ~  p-n-z-
two  ~ {num} ~  s/t-9-p
under, below  ~ {prep} ~  m-b-g; ma(a)g-in, -wn; otVkh, onakh; r/ʔ/d.-p-k.; z.-y-kh
understand  ~ {v} ~  k/khiph-in-
unit; individual  ~ {v} ~  palud(d-), palid(d-)
via, through  ~ {prep/ppos} ~  ranib
wade, cross a ford  ~ {v} ~  t.-z-l-; ʔ-t.-l-d
walk, ambulate  ~ {v} ~  g-th-b-; r-th-l-
wall (in a house)  ~ {n} ~  (h)a/(h)up.tuuz- / up.kaat-
warm  ~ {adj} ~  ugz.um/n- / (z.)ukhnaaz.-, ukhVnz.- / m-z.-n-, z.-m-n-; ʔ-k.-dh/ph-; gh/p(h)amd.ab- / gh/p(h)az.am-
waterfall  ~ {prep} ~  ʔ-b-k./kh-m; j-n-t.-d/z.; q-v/w/dh-m
wave (breaker)  ~ {n} ~  k/pud-us.-; kûph-an, -as
way; via, through  ~ {n; prep} ~  wnub; taz(z)un
weave  ~ {v} ~  ʔ-l-t-sh; ʔ-g-r-d
wear; cover, be on top  ~ {v} ~  ʔag-as-; kan-am- / kin-im-
weigh  ~ {v} ~  zam-ab/g-; thak.-an-
west  ~ {(pr) n} ~  t/th/j-n-z-k./kh
wheel  ~ {n} ~  inz-al, -ar(Vth)
which (one)?  ~ {int} ~  kh(-d)-k.-b
whip  ~ {n/v root} ~  ph-d-sh-
white  ~ {adj root} ~  gun-uk.-
win, triumph  ~ {v [intr/tr?]} ~  ʔ-m-k/kh-dh/s-
window  ~ {n} ~  (n)ut.t.aakh- / (n)it.t.ankh-
wing, pinion  ~ {n} ~  kh-/h.-t.-ph-; g/kh-s-d-
womb  ~ {n} ~  m-r-b-; ʔ-dh-b/l-; p.-k.-n/s-
world  ~ {n} ~  unzib(b-); pinam(m-)/punda(C)
write  ~ {v} ~  khawwad/d.-, khud.ud./s- / kh-n-g/kh- / ʔn/th-kh-d/d.-


abkath-, athkab-; akmash-/ikmish-    <v>    to catch smell of
agir/t(h)-    <n>    position
a(a)jak    <n>    surface
akban-, ukbun-    <v>    to leave (behind) vs. to get going, start moving (= am-ab-; thug-un-)
āk.-i(n)du, -ida(d,C)    <n>    label; fame, reputation
akam-, ikkåm-    <n>    world
ak.(k.)-al/an-; t-l-d-    <v root>    to count, reckon; to list
ak.aph-, ik.iph-    <v root>    to climb, get elevated
amik(h)-    <n>    ?target, habitual doer or means of observation; chapter
am-al-, um-ul-    <v root>    to look, behold at
anag-    <n/v root>    journey, travel
*anthawn-    <n root>    garden or pasture
-ap(h), -V:p(h)    <suff>    Tool Noun ('a means for ..ing')
ʔ-p(h)-k; ʔ/y-th-kh; y-t.-s    <v root>    to begin
ʔap.-am- / ʔip.-im-    <v root>    to fall vs. to befall, occur (= ʔ-r-d-g-; ʔ-kh/s/th-n    <v root>    to travel, fare, go
yan-as ?)
ar-ūb, -yob; yap(h)in; thunVl    <prep>    for (purpose of), going unto
asab- / Casab-; b-m-g-    <v root>    to learn; (caus. derivative) to teach
as.ab- / uthub-    <v root>    to be bright, white or light-yellow
at.aph- [t. / k.]; th/sayak.-    <v>    to happen, occur, take place; (#2) fare forward
athVg(g)-; najVg/n    <n>    bottom level, basin
awnath-    <v>    to raise, elevate
awshan-    <v>    to mean, refer to, purpose
a(y)nab-, (k)h~ / (s,C)a(y)lab- / kh-n-th-    <v root>    to find, discover
azad-, Cazad-    <v root>    to be hot, to burn
åz-im, -in, -it    <v root>    front, first- (NOT m, f, nt) ['to be the first' = rashash/s-, ranath- (etc.) — whence later rass(a)-]
(ba)k.an-, ba'an-    <v root>    to show, display
b-l/n-th-; marakh-; suk.un-; (h)adyag-    <v root>    to reach; to go as far as, up to
bamu-g, -kh; yo(o)k.un; yut.-ur, -ar; tha(a)khVm    <n>    tree; wood
b-n-kh/ph; k-t.-y-kh/ph    <root>    sail; to sail
bVVrath, p-, t-ârith    <n>    island
bômul ~ bum(m)ā̆l    <n>    circle [psbly = ārōkh]
dalas-    <v>    to bite (= ʔ/y-kh-t(h)); to grip or hold on tight
damak.-    <v>    to beat, batter; to forge
dam-aph- [ph/kh]; g/sath-al- / zalat(h)-    <v root>    to fall down
*dawph(-n)    <n (> adj)>    primality (> first)
d./z.un-ul-; ʔ/qaz-at(h)-    <v root>    to envelop; to surround
fat.-ar-; y-sh/th-ph; p-lh-w/b; lh-k.-th; ʔ-th-p-s    <root>    light, luminance; illuminate
(f)iz-Vb- / g/haz-ab- / p/t.ar-am-    <v>    to go, fare
furôkh-    <n>    edge, brink?
gab-at.-, qab-at.-; d-z-l/C-    <v root>    to forget
g-r-w-m; mak.(:)al; th/sanzī    <n>    journey, travel, voyage
gim-ith-    <v root>    to arrive; to be able to advance
ginakh ~ t.izakh; luk.uth; ʔVtpa(a)g/kh    <n>    ice
gith-il-    <v root>    to cool (intr)
giz-ir-    <root>    to flow, stream; to be moving forward (work etc.)
gud-ul-    <root>    to be liquid, waterlike
gV: (-eggu, -y/payg-) / rV: (-erru, -y/payr-) / yV(d.,z.) / qV(d.,z.)    <prep>    LOCATIVE (in, at) : prep. or suffix
hik.-i(n)d- / huk.-u(n)d-    <n root>    body (of the flesh)
huduk- / puʔut.- / ad/ak.yab-    <v root>    to suffice, be enough
h-n-z-kh : h-/th-/b-    <v root>    to collide (with)
h/kh-r-ph/d ~ kh-ph-r; n-kh-d/l; z-n-t.    <v root>    to remove
huth-ug/un-; nat.-ag/ak.-; b/m-n-d-g    <n / v root>    a sail / to sail
khadan, khidan (d/b)    <n>    eye; spring; center [= i(g)-, i(s)-dakh, ibakh ~ ubnukh]
khamu(u)-d/kh, kha(a)nuth    <n>    snow (> *h/janat(h)-)
khānam; zānat    <n>    evening, dusk
khēnuth; (C)ukunda(g/k.) / ta(n)k.ad    <n>    sound
khindVb-, khat.(an)nVb-    <n>    stair(s)
k(h)-n-ph-; unt.ur-    <v root>    to spin, roll
khw-r/n-akh, th-    <n>    riches, material wealth
ʔīb-ê, -ay(di), -awwi    <adj>    unnecessary, in vain
ʔigar; zâ'ub, zâ'ig    <n>    light [whence i(n)gat(h), ig(g)at(h) = star ?]
ʔik.id.- ~ n/thuk.ut.-    <n>    leather, hide?
ʔip(h)al, ʔiplu-, ʔiphrâg/k./t.; ʔi/ulzå(å)th    <n>    course, path, track
ʔiz-im-, ʔuz-um-; nar-adh-    <v root>    to clean (purify, not house-clean)
j-k.-n-; ʔ-kh-d/r.-; ʔ-b/h.-g-n    <n root>    blood
kab-ash-/-ath-; dakash- (dukush-); zinir-    <v root>    to submerge (tr)
kad-ag-; nud-ub-; thab-    <root>    begin, start
ka(a)dat    <prep>    during
k-h-ph; k-th-ph; ʔ(-n)-kh-w/-y; b/m-l(-y)-s.    <adv>    up, -wards
k-m-s, k-ʔ-s    <root>    to pile up, heap up [Arab. k-d-s, F. kasa-]
k-n-l; ʔ-k.-n; ?y-t.-g    <root>    to bind, tie
kan-ar, -ir, -ur    <n>    hill, slope vs. marking (writing?)
k.-n/r-th    <v root>    to step; to walk
k.iphim/n- / h-p.-n / y-k.-n    <v root>    to observe, pay attention to (cp. k.-ph-s. / q/ʔ-p(h)-s/s. = mind, thought)
kiffw:b/d, kaffw:b/d    <n>    lid, cover
k.unz.uun-    <n>    power-source
k.-r-b vs. ʔ-d-kh; m-k.-r; y-k.-dh; b-t./kh-l; k-y-k.    <v root>    to vanish, disappear
k-s./sh-n    <v root>    to burn ('Qal' = intransitive)
(V-)k-t-s; (V-)t-l-k/s/sh    <n root>    bone
ki/kwnåth; têz-wn-    <n>    (court)yard
lad-ag; b-:-k.; b/k-r-th; :/C-tlh-k/g; k-sh-d(h)/n    <v root>    to eat, consume [chew = r/dh./ʔ-q-m ]
la(a)ras., la(a)r-ash. -uth    <n>    air; outdoors region
laq-an- / liq-in-    <root>    to endure, persist, etc.
lat(t)ār-, litti(i)r-    <n>    door
lawnat- / lawz.at(h)-; ʔ/tub-ug-; g-n-s-    <v>    to believe
lazat., lazt.-    <n>    place
l-k.-d- / r-k.-d-; ʔ-k.-th-    <v root>    to mend, fix, repair, make well
l-k.-n/m-    <v root>    to reward
l-n-t.-; th-k/z.-n-    <v root>    to call, name
lus/sh-ud-; z-n-g(-b); uzgûb(a); duz-ul    <root/n>    dark, darkness
lhadh-ak.    <v root>    be or become wet
lhakh-ad-    <v>    to squeeze
lhan-as./ak.; b-lh-r/t.    <v root>    to kill, slay (> killer, etc.)
lh-q-s.-    <n root>    sword
lhwt.-Vr- [t. / k.]    <n>    tooth
m-ʔ-g/p(h); j-n-t; C-n-s.; ʔ-n-j-k(h)    <root>    float; island
mad-ak(h); khaw-at(h)    <root>    wax; candle
ma(ga)lh-, ma(ga)tlh-; p-n-z./d.- (*Pa.); udhum-/dh-:-m-; y-b-t./th-; b-n-g/q-; r-d-q-; p-:-g/th-    <v root>    to carry, be able to support; ?to last (of time)
m-g-ph    <v root>    to hold, keep in hand
makr-/makar(t-); b-n-k/g    <n>    rope
m-k.-d- / m-k.-ph-    <v root>    to control, dominate
maph-ad-, miph-id-    <v root>    to be visible > show
mâ-p(h)ik / -bak(k-)    <n>    leaf
mash-ak/ag- [sh vs. th]    <v root>    appear, seem
mâwakh; at.t.īs- [t. / k.]; gômik(h), gôtVkh, tôkhVm    <adj>    long, trailing (qq. tall?)
may-as- ~ tlhaw(w)ag-    <v root>    to know, be aware of
m-k-b, -th/lh    <root>    form, shape; take shape
mik(-ith)    <v root>    to rest / to lie (be located) [= p-, th-awwan-]
mikk-åph, -Vth    <n>    plant, growing thing
mVgumma    <adv/inf/pp (obl)>    having arrived (come through) [cp. migam end-point]
mila(a)b, milub, mira(n)g-    <n>    foot, leg
m-l-g / h-n-g    <v root>    to keep, hold
m-n-g    <v root>    to listen (to)
m-n/k.-z / ʔ/y-k.-n    <v>    to support, hold up or in place
mirkås / mir-s/th-åk.    <n>    instruction(s), how-to
m-z-b; th-d-kh    <v root>    to spread
mu(u)p(h)-ag, -ak; rath(th)V-d/-n(g)-; d/j-(n)g-r ~ d-r(-z)-b; kh-ph-g; m-z-b/ph    <n>    ship, boat, vessel
mVrass-V [/šš]    <n>    hair (all hairs on head)
m-s-kh/k.; tlh-k.(-y)-ph    <n root>    lower-body clothing, i.e. "trousers"
m-z-d; th-d-b/p(h); d-j-s; f-d/th-k; uphnut(h)    <n root>    light, brightness
na-, nu-ʔyas.; (mi+)r-th-n; d/tazar, d/tuzub, ph-d(h)-b; h/k/p-n-tlh; ywzn    <n>    forest
nåk-ib, -åb, nåtwb; yakath    <n>    house, building
nim-ik- / nam-ak-    <num root>    eight
nûmak(k-)    <n>    tower, spire [vs. (?-L) numikh pool, vat]
(n)asab; t(a)u'a(a)C    <n>    sound, voice
n-s-l- / y-n-s-l-    <v root>    to remove
nuz-ur-; m-p.-d-    <v root>    to be warm; (intens.) shunzar- to burn (intr? tr?)
p-:-t./th-; g-z-l-; m/n-k.-b; y-th-g    <v root>    to hear
p/fan-ath-; m-q-d-    <v root>    to sleep, slumber; (der. stem) to fall asleep
panlakh- / punlukh-; taz-ad/an-    <root>    to capture; to imprison, incarcerate
p-d-m; khatVb, khathub    <prep>    upon, on
p-g-t    <conj>    due to, because of
pVd(d)-ak. / k(h)on-at(h), -aph / z.wyakh / q/ʔ-i/ukkas.- [< -nk- ?]    <n>    tooth
p-q-s./t.    <v root>    hit, collide with, smash into
p-m/t.-k; p-y-t.    <v root>    to reach, arrive at
pi/pūd.ath, fitlhVVb-; pVndu(u)th, pônakh/th; (b/d.)uk.(u)n; zVthâb; urta(a)kh/rhawsVkh ['rho'?]; yuk(h)al    <n>    shore, beach [cp. p-d-s. = :-k.-n abide, stay, remain, wait]
pinak, minak, khu(u)nak; j/z-d-l    <n>    year; p-n-kh/d/m may also mean "calm, peace, pacify"
pin-ith-    <v root>    to share, distribute, give out; to divide
p/t.ôrVsh; y-šš/th-g; ʔ-ph-k(-d, -s, -th)    <n>    rustle; murmur (of waves)
p(-:)-l-s.-    <n root>    cover, lid, roofing [> puntlw, punkló]
p-t.-l    <v root>    to take (to possess)
pun-um-    <n root>    breaker; shore; sea
raC-an-, ruC-un-    <v root>    to get about, move
rab-ak. ~ rad-ak(h)    <adj root>    whole, entire
r-d-s; y-ph/t-t/s-g    <n root>    nation
rag-ab-; rath-an-    <v root>    to follow
rak.-an-/rik.-in-/ruk.-un-    <n root>    head; tip
rak-as.- / ruk-us.-; k-th-d-; t-s.-l-    <n>    corridor, passageway
ram-; zawakh-    <v>    to be concluded, end [vs. r-m-k(-w) lap, bosom]
ran-ab-; r-q-n-; l-t.-q-; q-th/p-j / q-ʔ-sh(-n)    <v stem>    to indicate, mark, point to
ran-ak.- ~ zan-ak.-, z-k./kh-n-; p/ʔu-g/kh-uth-    <root>    (be) warm; warmth; to warm
ran-ath-    <v stem>    to continue, go on, persist
raphan-    <n/v root>    part, piece; to belong
ridal, rudul/rôdal; a(a)phag    <n>    place, locale (> *rêda(l) / trod-a, -u / ti-rdi(l) ? )
r-n-k / r-k-d. ; t/th-l-d.    <v root>    to ask (both meanings possible?)
r-t.-ph; k-sh-r    <v root>    to turn or flip (sth); to translate
r-sh-g, -l, -n    <v root>    to carve vs. to believe; (-n) to derive, form grammatically [= thabbVz-]
r-th-m; pathil; m-n/g-b    <prep>    without, sans
raw-ab, rub-ush, -uth    <v root>    to please; to be content
rup-, ruph-; rat.-an-/rut.un-    <v>    to bring, carry [> p(u)+rVm(b)-]
sab-ad, -ak; nâyak/nitVk-    <n>    path, way [s./si(w)wak / kinam / th/p(h)-l-n / m-b-g/k = "around"]
sag(-ab)- / dak.-ab-; ʔ/g-j-n-    <v root>    to hide, conceal
sah-an-, -ag-    <adj root>    round, circular
sâw(a)b    <n>    surfice, superficiality
s-g(-C)-; t-sh-g/l-; y-n/th-l-    <v root>    to hide, conceal
sâk-ub, -ab [s/s./th]    <adj/n>    dark; darkness
sanam-, sunam- [s vs. th]    <n>    forest
sûk(h)-am, -al, saCCûi, ushyô, suβuth; êk-am, -im    <n>    mouth
sut.-ul    <v root>    to make longer, extend
shad-akh- / shid-ikh-/ shud-ukh- [d / n] vs. ph/z/y/natlh-akh-    <root>    be/become/be made long or tall
shV-, shu-ʔʔāg    <adv>    yet, still, (once) more
s.ab-ak.-    <v root>    to depict, draw, make an image of
s.awab    <n>    leafage, leaf (poet.)
s.a(a)kh-, a-/i-.sakh    <n>    forest
s.an-us(s-), -ūs    <n/root>    unit of measurement [vs. s.anat hour, moment, time = bîrag/kh; khunVt(h)]
s.-d-ph; m-k.-d    <v root>    pull, lure
s.-g-th; s.-n-kh/ph; uthjVg/k    <v root>    to pass through, pierce; make it through; prep. through, via
s.ub-ul    <v root>    to (be) flood(ed), inundate(d) [= ta(a)-rus(s)ul-]
s./j-d-l    <num root>    nine
tab(-al)    <v root>    to stir, move about, imply life
tahar-    <v root>    to fall; to end up
t-b-s/-sh; n-t.-s    <v root>    to shine
tan-am-    <v root>    to move (forward), advance
taphas.-, tuphus.-    <v>    to spread, unfurl
taram-, d.aram-    <v root>    to value, think highly of, appreciate
tô-d/z.-akh; ilkadh(ab)    <n>    ice, frozenness
taw-am-; tan-ag-, taph-ag-    <v root>    to envelop, enclose, contain
tilVkh; mansûb/d    <adv>    alone, only
tinla(a)l    <n or vn/?aor>    gossip(ing)
tiō/ūzak [t/k]    <n (with suff?)>    day [= y(w)-s-r / y-th-l] vs. on/during day
t-l-th    <n root>    distance, journey
tonz-ī, -âuC, k(h)unzī    <n>    meaning, purpose
tundôrak(h); k(h)u-dan-ki,u; (g)uttâ(rV)k-; zumug/b-; zankit(h); zīgôn-    <n>    pier, dock, wharf
tunub-, *?tunawb-; manat/munut; migim-    <n>    air (of breath)
[ tuphad    <n>    back(side) ]
thâ(C)i    <adj>    long
thabûn-, zabûn-a/u    <n>    ocean
thak-al/C-; yun-uz-    <v root>    to cross, go over, to exceed
tham-ab-    <v>    to build, construct; to achieve
tharaz-, thakhaz-    <v>    to awake
th/sun-ukh-    <root>    number; ?to count
thur-akh, -ag    <n>    smell, odour
th-y(y)-n; k-n-d-; j/z-g-l-    <v root>    to 'convey', transport, take (carry)
ʔubk-(a)ud, -od    <n>    step
ʔ-b-n ~ iph-in-    <v root>    to mind, worry; see to, take care of
ʔudal(l-); th-n-kh    <n>    sky
ʔugus(su), ʔugut(h); nakhab/ph; janag; yat(h)ag    <n>    gold [yat(h)ag- > (V)tacc-, ad(an)gi-, attang]
ʔuk(h)-, uk.-ub/ud-; un-uz-    <v>    to act, function, work
ʔuk.-ur-    <n>    skull; mystery (the latter meaning = :-K.-D./Z.-)
ʔuluzzu; namazzu    <n>    grace, favour
ʔum-uk.-    <n / v root>    to be solid or (of) glass (= d/h-k./z-n)
ʔum-uz-    <adj/v>    single, sole, (be) alone
ʔunk-Vb, -Vd, -Vth; s/sh/za(a)duk-    <n>    hand, fist
ʔunz.u, ʔunz.ân-    <n>    center, 'heart' (vs. (C)unz-il, -ud ?adj. level, even)
ʔuphud-; (C)it-im-    <v root>    to carry, etc.
ʔurs.-u(u)kh, -ôkh    <n>    look, gaze; eyes
ʔusub, ʔasab    <n>    hut, house (collective?)
ʔus.-uph/ukh-    <n root>    morning ~ light
ûs-ak, -uk; labat/kh    <n>    rock-face
ʔuthôk(h), ʔutakh    <n>    hand, arm
(C)uz-ub-, :/C-z-b-    <v root>    to be near; approach
was/s.-ag/k(h); w/y/ʔakh/ph-ath; h-s.-ph-    <n root>    wing; beat of wings
wathab-/withib-; ʔ-k.-l/p.-; tlh-b/(p)p.-m,w; ʔ-p/ff-ph    <v/adj/n root>    to be white; pale, white; moon(light)
y-ʔ-tlh- / zat.atlh-    <n/v root>    peel, skin; to peel
yaʔVt, yuʔat    <adv>    until
yå-rsay, -rsāyVV    <adv>    ahead, in the front, before (spatially)
y-b/th-r; ʔ-n-k-d; ʔ-k./p.-y-d    <v/adj root>    to add; extra-
yaD-ar-; ruph-un-    <v root>    to create, bring about
yêk.im; mVgsakh; (kh)atlhVth- / aphutlhath-    <n>    page
yak./t.-an / janag/t-    <v root>    to remain, stay vs. to protrude, extend
yak.-at.-; d/th/t.-ʔʔ-d(h)/t.-; (t)h-r-k.-; k-t.-r-    <v>    to attach, fasten; y-k.-t.- = ʔ-k.-t.- can also mean "to heal"
yamyak(h), ta/tumyak(h)    <n>    phrase, sentence
yanar-; yukhud-    <v root>    see (= ʔ-k.-t.-) vs. show, reveal [> 'Derived stem'?]
yôthî, yâkî    <n>    = the Moon
y-p-k(h)    <v root>    to consider, deem ?= hold
yak.-ad    <v root>    to hang (intr), depend
yar-aph/th- / yag-ad-    <v root>    to eat or consume
(ya)råt.-, ûråt.-    <v>    to see, view
(y/ʔ-)r-t.-n; k-th-b/p(h); y-k.-b/th    <n root>    tree
y/C-ar-aj-/-az-; mak-ab/-ath-    <v root>    get going, take off, leave
yas.-aph; yan-ak    <v root>    to rest
yat.-an/g- / ʔut.-un/g- / tlh-sh-g- / ʔ(-d)-sh-g- / t-n-s/sh-    <root>    half; to be a half > to halve [= n-l-t. ; s.-l-k.]
yazô, ku(u)yazô, -û; tVndāl-    <adv>    first, prior, before
(y)uz-, y/khus-um/ul-    <v root>    to move [vs. m-k.-t.-; yuzun-; kash-an/ath-, zakhath-; za:ab/g-; kuʔ/y-us.-; y/ʔus.-ut.- to close, shut]
za(C')b-, zuC'b-    <v root>    to ask questions
z-d-l, ph-d-l    <v root>    to immerse (Sem. 9-m(m)-d)
zagar-, d-g-r-    <v root>    to emit light, illuminate
zâk(h)ith ~ zâthwg; ẓi(w)m-ad, -al    <prep/ppos>    over, across, upon (ʕal)
zâtlhwkh / zâlVkh / zaphuk(h)    <prep>    across, (moving) over
zanV-, zikin/zôkhVn, zV(V)nal, zunul    <n>    number, amount [= n-, t-êkVth; ut.ub]
z-r-k-; ʔ-th-b    <v root>    to preserve, store, keep [vs. zarîk/g = across or toward(s) = zarg(i-)]
zar-t(h)-; kun-r-    <n root>    north
zāwakh ~ dayy-a(a)kh, -ōkh    <n>    forest
z-l-kh etc.    <v root>    to seem, look like, show itself (to be)
zalu(u)r, zillå:r, zulaira [< ZA'AL?]    <n>    garden
zaphiq, zophaq    <n>    staff, rod
zimåk/g-    <n>    west
zun-ub-    <v root>    to touch
zunaig/k/r [z/j, n/b]    <n>    arm
zunukh; pâthag    <n>    attention (z-n-kh to guard or stare at)
z.-k.-n-; m-n-ph-    <adj root>    (be) warm, hot
z.um-ur-, gum-ur-    <adj/n stem>    dark, dusky






—— : ——



::  On Exile–Roads May Errants Meet  ::


above, over   — (prep) —   gr/hrumon (knum-ub, -ib); gilwn, gindron; hnodhir
Abstract Noun (see also -ness)   — (suff) —   -wndVl, -untho(r), -Vnd(l)V, -êmak, -uimak/g-, -wntli, -li, -ri; -w:ban(t)/-w:bin(c); -d/nîl
Accusative Particle   — (ppos?) —   -thå(C)/-dí/-sa(C)/-za(C), -pa(C)/-ba(C)/-pí/-bí [after Tu. infl. + Frk. menig-tha, Fi. -ta] vs. +r/za(g,n) / +r/zi(g,n)
across, to far side of   — (prep/ppos) —   (i)nyod, -th; fanthwk; ya/yunko(l)d; h/luny-ag, -ath
Action (Single)   — (suff) —   -imya(n), -a,umba(C), -b/pal, -b/pa(n), -b/pi(n), -va [cp. Liv. jel-āmi, Pr-C. -amus]; -V:nish, -Vnka(d), -undat/sh; -auda(C), -audi [Fi, Pr-C. -to(n)]; [general verbal noun] -ångu/-ungi/-(a,i)nya/-nyu
Active Participle   — (suff) —   -ôri(n) / -(at)tan(c) / -(ê)nag ~ -ûnak / -ilp(-V) / -a/umbil, -ungzar / -un(C)âya / -ar(ra)g / -ir(a)n, -ury(V), -óth-al/-ar, -angar, -å:ch- / -las, -nas, -ras
Adjective   — (suff) —   -am(b); -ûk/g-, -w(n)gwi,å; -unna/i/o; -al / -ar; ['with, having X'] -ûbar, -ûmar, -ôzik/g-
Adverb / Locative / Genitive-like Suffix   — (suff) —   -wnd(w)a / -wngi,w(l) / -mûl,n [Frl. unmond, Fi. paljon]; -(a)dîn, -uddan, -uCCan, -inkan/ph/s, -âbun
after, since — (prep) — neldo ~ nilda
afternoon   — (n) —   (ka)thonnip/b-; makil(b)
against, versus, anti-   — (prep, pref) —   azal / uzar; pild(a-) / pild(r)ang; tam(g)ab / tang(w)ip; djank-ar, -ud
age   — (n) —   ma(ng)zip/b-, mazba-; tûki-mbad; pramal-nad/-gond
air (for breathing)   — (n) —   luzun; ógun(d,t); sarup/b-; induk/kk-
alley(way)   — (n) —   trum(m)-V(n)k, -Vg
along, trailing   — (prep) —   yar / yu(o)r; (u)blanya / uklunya; mi(n)gil
along: join along (vs. syn. of 'come')   — (v) —   brêk-; tadn(i)-
also, even — (adv) — (y)ugun, (y)ugin
among / in the centre of   — (prep) —   (C)ugnir; lant(ni)
and   — (conj) —   hu(n), -o(b); grang
(Animal / Habitual Agent Names often end in)   — (-) —   -amp, -wmp / -u(o)ng-V, -unk, -u(o)nk
any   — (adj) —   hrau; gîz-
appear, turn up — (v) — (CV-)trez(C)-; drang-
appearance, looks ("encounterness"?)   — (n) —   thirrwp / thir-undal/d, -gond; blungvo (pl tant)
apple  — (n) —  hå/hwr(d)ost-
arise — (v) — yunu(m)b- / yun(u)d-, (g)athind-
armour, mail — (n) — c/huzunc
around — (adv, prep) — nêmak-, namwnk(a)-; tunz(a)-
arrange, bring together — (v) — mil(i)b-, gam(a)z-
arrange vs. be in order; go/turn out well — (v) — zan(a)t- / zarand-; barang- / lanag-
arrive — (v) — ki(n)z-; ak(a)ph-
as far as, until — (adv, prep) — lan(d)ib; lûka(n); nêrang; yunza
at the presence (or place) of — (adv, prep) — (th)amak; kath; ning(V)
[atop   — (adv/prep) —   róm-ob, -ib]; kazan
attach, fasten   — (v) —   zangd- / chad(a)l,r-
attain, reach  — (v) —  k/thun(u)b-, k/thumb-
Augmentative  — (n suff) —  -a/u-djk/tul / -i-knumb-
back, zurück  — (adv) —  (y)ancuar, oncuar; mulun; lanzi; trundang; p/zan(t)aup
back(side)  — (n) —  thónar; nidanc, nilanc; nambas; mu(m)bion, mungyon; enelt
back: give back — (v) — djan(a)z-, djun(u)z-
bad  — (adj) —  ni/nulk-ar, -on/-i(n)
bag  — (n) —  mekep/b-, mikip/b-
bag (large)  — (n) —  dun(u)k(w)as / zw(o)rkungas / dind-as, -at
ball, sphere  — (n) —  kelgu(d) ~ kunang
basis, foundation  — (n) —  kunk(a); a/Vtta(a)gi; i-/ya-ching-
bath  — (n) —  ussat/th; nuonc; hmaur
be   — (v) —   ru(o)nz- / run(u)d-
be able— (v) — am(b)z- / im(b)z-; trat-; kr/prôda(k)-
be pregnant— (v) — il(i)z- / il(i)d-
beach  — (n) —  nagath, nul(la); p/phVnyVsh, phungVss-; uogas/ph / (n)unyap/b-; tuphanthi
because of, due to  — (prep/ppos) —  nal(u)t, nand-ut, -VC; mikVmp
become  — (v) —  shanap- / thanap- / thamb-; k/nampar- (#k/n-n-p-r); lamag- / lumug-; kas(a)n- / kes(e)n- / kis(i)n- (#k-th-n pro ?k-t.-n)
bed  — (n) —  trênwk/t; eptul(C)
befall  — (v) —  am(a)b/p-
before, pre-  — (prep, pref stem) —  kun(a)d; mand-, mind- / dw(w)man, dw(w)kan
begin  — (v) —  it(V)n- / rut(u)l,n-; (l,th)ombor(C)-; rad/th(a)p-; kwn(w)b-
behind  — (prep) —  osnag/othnag; mVngro; kap-and, -ind
believe  — (v) —  ywz(u)n- / lwz(u)n-
belong  — (v) —  thir- / thå/wn(i)r-
between  — (prep) —  (l)ónut; fV/pVnamb(a); lazg-op, -on; g(h)unan(t) / g(h)wzz-an (-unt, -wnk); ramunk
birch-tree  — (n) —  nim(b)issa; târap/b-
bird  — (n) —  wsårrac, is(ur)ric / wis(t)ûra; gwathamb-
blade  — (n) —  (C)azanc/ng / tazranc/ng; uzzik/g-; (h)uzlan, (h)uthlan
blood  — (n) —  hrunus(c,t) / tunus(c,t); pitVmb; ungra(l,m); f(an)ankud; g/h/kodj-ul, -ur
boat  — (n) —  t(r)undak
body  — (n) —  m/dirza
both  — (adj ?pl) —  glaw(o)-[n?] ~ glett(o)-[n?]
bottom, base  — (n) —  unkit / unkot/th
body (physical)   — (n) —   (gr)unyak/ch; tharap; k/punatta; kvan-jil, -zwl
boil vs. run over [IEur. kwep-/kūp-]  — (v) —  h(u)rå-/hr(i)o-ttumb(l)-
bone  — (n) —  (ph)uznak/g- / uddak/g-, udyak/g-
book, tome — (n) — thar(ph)idyac/(ph)awdyac, tharyanc/m(b)-, djukkord-; knumazdVr/t/d-; hnamfwt/d-
border  — (n) —  lambak(i); mi(i)nanc; rangwa/i(l,n,t), rêbak-
born: be born, come about  — (v) —  (h,l)adh-ag/k-; (d-, h-, k-)ul(u)z-
bottle, flask  — (n) —  knwbonk-, knw(f)fonk- / kunuph; hud(n)uk, hudnak; gadjuk
bottom, base  — (n) —  unk-ip, -il; a(n)kant; minza / minuzz-; fanyak / fânihh-
bout, confrontation  — (n) —  t/Ca-, (a-)sphulli
bow (for shooting)  — (n) —  t/kwzd-ak, -ik
box, package — (n) — hnot-li, -ri
branch of tree  — (n) —  hathap/b-; man(dr)ak
bread  — (n) —  (C)untro; kuth-as(s-), -and; kafrut/d-; knVdra
breathe  — (v) —  ampod(d)- / ankhod(d)/th-; futh-a/u-lk-, -(n)dy-
bridge  — (n) —  attu(u)r/dV(k); t/thol-si, -thi; chånkVrto/u
brim, brink, edge, border   — (n) —   apwnk-; kenda; t/thelda
bucket  — (n) —  (h)lippa(n)d- / lutnwng- / huttwng- / ut(t)a(a)nag
build(ing?)  — (n) —  tog(u)n- / ton(u)kh-; lan(a)k/t-
build(ing?)  — (n) —  tonkh-amp, -ant, -il; tra(a)z-åp, -Vp
bury, conceal  — (v) —  i(o)kk- / a(h)wkk-
but  — (conj) —  gol/nz-i, -a; kn/pnung; yor(V)k, (h)urwk
buy, purchase  — (v) —  laz(a)d-; mig(i)d-; wndr-
by, near, upon  — (prep) —  atrå(n)d; (b,f)lendim
bypass  — (v) —  lalt-; y/tam/nshag-; bridisht-; ukkund-; puna(n)gl-
call: name (as); summon   — (v) —   uz(u)r-; trass-; ma(n)zimb-
campfire   — (n) —   dun/z¨n-naksa, -nagas [nn/nth]
card   — (n) —   (k)ithac/g-
care (about sth/sb)   — (v) —   (yV)nalt-
carrot; forefinger   — (n) —   darVthnwk
carry  — (v) —  mik(i)t-; wngr-; os(w)t- / y/luz(u)d/t-; pam(a)k-; twnd-; ('take') t/thul(u)p-
cart, carriage, wagon   — (n) —   thênak/g- / pînak/g-
catch   — (v) —   mim(i)p-; rid/dh(i)g- / rim(i)g-
category  — (n) —  lim-zabbi, -zubba(k); uld-åsh, -ish
Causative vs. Transitive  — (suff) —  -Vntl-; -i/wmb-, -wnki-
centre, middle  — (n) —  (l)yôdar; konda; d/nû(-mak, -mik)
chair, seat  — (n) —  hrank-, athrenk; k(r)azil / cnazi(n)g-
challenge  — (n) —  (g)unt(r)-osh, -V(sh)sh(a)
change, alter  — (v) —  yoz(ud)-, yun(u)z-; kral(d)-, karand-; num(u)b-; t/thur(u)g-
channel  — (n) —  pVnthêga, pun(d)êga
child (small) vs. short  — (n / adj) —  dún(d)ap/b-; u(t)tam, untam; mV(n)dank / mind(w)lVk [for Celt makkw-, Jap mago]
chilly  — (adj) —  uffôshi(r); (windy) må(å)fVk / mafanga/i
choose, select, pick — (v) — nak(a)d/t- / trak(a)d-; aidak- / yundrosh/th-, yundVrz- [&ecute;dak, édok, yundóras/th 'choice, choosing']
clay  — (n) —  (d,z)ob(b)ut/d-
clean  — (adj) —  mâ/môzaki; otand(r)a
climb  — (v) —  chwn(u)g- / jwn(u)g-; g/nVtsard-; knampwdr-ång-
close, shut — (v) — mintr-
closet; ?cupboard — (n) — iktó / ikkVd-
clothing: piece of ~ — (n) — cnam(a) / cnem(m)a
cloud  — (n) —  nut(t)anc; thêdap/b- / tophanc/ng; hodjal / hoss-ul, -ad
clue  — (n) —  dontha / giontha
coat, wraparound  — (n) —  mozna, mwnus(t)
colour  — (n) —  unkuop/b-; (d)ronam
come  — (v) —  ad-, ant- / (u)djand- / djund- [= 'go']; nVmb- / thimb-; oth(u)b-; b/sal(a)z-; lin(i)z-, lun(u)z-
common  — (adj) —  pâ/pênak(V); akundap/b-; sunzi/sundji; yåsang-i, -ar; mel(û)bal; afk-i, -Vnt
Comparative Adjective  — (suff) —  -aksi / -(y)unka-l,r / -izbar / -V(n)gir-sa / -îthalb
complete, entire, whole — (adj) — nandal(i) / nundul(i); b(r)-, m-åltuk
connection, relatedness — (n) — binva
conquer — (v) — en(e)th-/un(u)th-; lay(a)n-/laz(a)n-
consume; devour — (v) — gam(a)r- / (ra,r)uktarb-
corner, nook  — (n) —  hnalwnk
cost  — (v) —  nan(a)k-; rubuk(i)-; yamas(C)-
count, reckon  — (v) —  fenVk+C-; lê(h)rott-; t/hyalkidd(i)-; [vs. "perform sth quickly"] tram(C)-, tramb-
country (under a lord)  — (n) —  dórap / derb-
cousin  — (n) —  fl/hlanakka
cover  — (n) —  braz/bruz-od/-ont, runust, -å(n)gi; (lid) (gV)missak-
craft, knowhow, skill  — (n) —  puok / pandrw(t) / kwanzut/d-
create  — (v) —  domb(w)n- / (hn)op(pV)ni- / ut(u)p- / kun(u)l- vs. zwn(d)l-
cut  — (v) —  djan(a)k-; (u)pung(y)-; m/bikhit/th-
dare —: {v} :— hi/huz(u)g- / hun(u)z-; nar(a)t- / tar(a)n-
day  — (n) —  himbar ~ trimbra; ming(V); roz(z)-im/n, -ul; lûba(nc) / numab; ungya / zanang [Sp. zinga, Rum. zi-]
declare — (v) — zen(e)k/g- / zin(i)k/g-; (nVz-)zunth(il-g,C)-
deep — (adj) — g/m/råznar
defeat — (v) — nuz(u)n-
defense — (n) — trâz-; utor-, utawr-
deny — (v) — (p,t)ukimb-
depart, take off — (v) — gir(i)m-
descend  — (v) —  lun(u)k-; gazy-, gaz(a)r-; k/maz(a)l-; thånkild-; k(v)/tahham(y)-
develop, advance — (v ?intr) — nun(d)r-; ranag/d/th-; clam(C)- / plam(C)-
device  — (n) —  twandra, twondra [nd / nk]; ik(nur)ró; buthan(d)ra(g)
di(c)e  — (n) —  (h)lathuk / (h)landjuk
different  — (adj) —  kôd-al, -ask/-usk; thakimbal; måk(k)Vndar; nanzal; gumbil; pundrask
dig  — (v) —  neng- / nwnk(å)r-
dimension  — (n) —  cindor / cindri
Diminutive  — (suff) —  -ûp, -l/d/tang, -nî(C), -(n)gîl, -uik/g-, -gi(s,n)/-ka(s,n)
direction, heading — (n) — am(b)la, am(b)ra; girat/d-; imyok/g- / im(b)åk/g-; Vgrolt; gutrV:n; drimma/i; ok(kV)ni/ok(ku)n(d-)
district — (n) — (hl)ambang/nc / tumbanc/ng; nwm(b,bV)sik
ditch  — (n) —  djun-ar, -dra/-dri; p(a)rakka, panaggi, g/knabal
do, make   — (v) —   zwn(g)-, -wb- / apan(t)-; yal(a)sh-; rawang-; h/kin(i)s/sh-; yungt-
dog   — (n) —   hadkun(d-), k(u)nundr-i, -ap, [f.] -âja/-anni
domain, area, realm  — (n) —  mwssak; ranap/b-; g/tolda- / g/tuolat/d-
doom, sentence, consign  — (v) —  djan(a)g-
door / room  — (n) —  udmak/g-; yaz(V)g-; g/kVbrunthi; zapk-i(n); nishåk, nishwnt; th/hina(n)k; gnumphå(l,r); [hinge] h(n)iumgar, h(V)nam/ngar, hningrV; wlph-åt/d-, -it/d-; [door; house] wntha, ontya
draw, inscribe  ~ {v} ~  dh/m/tun(u)z-; (a)kh(r)anz-, (h,s)e/ihtr-; sh/thVp(V)r- [Est. soper-]
drawer   — (n) —   thaz(-i, -u), thagons/z; nazith / unzot
dream   — (n) —   aksald-/Vkseld-; elyok / mad(uu)na(k)
drink  — (v) —  gut(u)l- / uthlud- / ud/utnug-; galath- / giloth(C)-
drop, have fall — (v) — g/kis(i)t-; ud(u)g-, uth(u)k-
duel — (n) — oprån(k) / potlon(d-); dun(th)ank/dunakt-V
duration  — (n) —  tâh-ak, -Vk; melundak
dwell —: {v} :— wt(w)n-; zun(u)k- / zu(n)k(u)b-; truz(C)-
dwelling  — (n) —  trwzil; anth-ak, -ang
eager, willing  — (adj) —  drôbi
edge, brim  — (v) —  (g)unzat(t)- / (C)agunt
empty  — (adj) —  kúnash/kunshar; (V)ksedni; ungrat/d-; pVstuok
encircle, surround  — (v) —  pat(a)l, pat/thand-
end, conclusion; ?destination  — (n) —  raståk/g-; nuzwp/b-; drussanki; gwast/gwassat
end, finish  ~ {n / v root} ~  sh/thawyab-, thangwab-; PUK(U-cns); (intr, be concluded) ukup-
end up, get   — (v) —   b/vun(u)k-; pihVmb- / pikkVmb-
endure, last, stay —: {v} :— nan(a)k-
entire, whole  ~ {adj} ~  pVst, -ul (?)
environment, surroundings  ~ {n} ~  pa(dh)ur-ant, -in, -V(da)c
-er (Nomen Agentis)  — (suff) —  -uldi; -ukku; -aura / -auru; -ahhi
escape, flee — (v) — ph/prath(a)n-; ch/jup(u)k- (p/b); rwssalg-; l-/(t)n-umpoth-; (k)imbundj-
Essive/Adessive-Translative  — (suff) —  -ûg/nil / -(C)undau / -(C)ånkaph / -(u)štu(m/n)
eternal, permanent — (adj) — padar
evening — (n) — d/tondra / kondur / gundu
every, all — (adj/pn) — itha(r), thar; am(b)g-i, -u; l/n/ruthenk; ba(n)guny(a)
explode — (v) — pVchund-; phuntrVshd-; (m)ukpun-C- vs. ma/mwnkhizC-
eye — (n) — yug-an(C), -as
face — (n) — leo / neo; (l)umban, -g; krân, -(e)u/-ul; [to face, encounter (vb)] th/zun(u)g-; t/zuk(u)n(d)-, t/zVkimb-
fact — (n) — ratan(c) / prazalbîn; gumbil
fall — (v) — pun(g)dwst-; ot(u)r(C)-; hnuz(C)- / wn(g)z-; (fall; be heavy) sak(a)n- / swk(u)n-
far(away) — (adv) — zun(d)yam / zutyand-i, -a
fare forth; (by ext.) sail  — (v) —  em(b)z- / ib(V)z-
farewell — (n) — bûmar
fat, corpulent  — (adj) —  d/timbal
fear  — (v) —  pun(u)k- / gun(u)th- / gont(o)r(i)-
feast, party — (n) — guna(n)t ~ ginath / pon(g)ilt/tha, pun(d)rust-
feel — (v) — ub/p(u)r-; gun(u)s-; mir(i)g/k-
"Feminine" Noun-endings (theor.) — (suff) — -ald, -ild, -wld; -a(n)d, -i(n)d, -w(n)d; -ard, -ird, -wrd; -au, -ó, -uo [qq. -ui ?]; -b/pe(d), -b/pi(d), -b/pu(d); -li, -li, -lu; -(v)e, -(v)i, -(v)u; -Cîn, -un
few, rare — (adj) — k/sart(a) / k/se(a)rit / k/sairit
field — (n) — bur(h,sh)anda-s/-p; not(t)imb-; dangVp; mundrVk / mVmb(wk)r-V/i; (not arable) ra(a)nup, amb(V,Vn)za
fill — (v) — uss- / utt(Vmb)-; ik(i)d/t-; djVn(V)g-; kraz(a)d/t-; k/punki(n)d-; n(u)ol-t(h)/sh-
final, last — (adj) — (lu)kung- / pleng-V-, polg-; l/zârun(C)
final end/doom, fortune, lot — (n) — tyandl-o, -V
find — (v) — yaz-; h/kun(V)g-
finger — (n) — (hy)abron; rambi; hûtap/b- / hunthap/b- [t/d]
firewood — (n) — hl-/dl-andiló; [ready-made] plongu/ó
first — (adj) — gomb-al (?)
fish — (n) — (h)dangidwi; athy-wkka, -wnka
fish with a rod, angle — (v) — h/k(i)ånt(l)- / kinankl-; hrupangy(urC)-
fit — (v) — p/san(a)th- [n/p]; h/thir(i)n-; (l)uph(u)n-; s/kon(d)ram(b)-; y/sungr-; kun(u)g-
fix, mend, repair — (v) — adj-; g/tham(a)k/z-
flag — (n) — hluf(ad)yåk
float — (v) — magamb-, mak(a)p-; yoz(u)b-; tassi-
flood, -ing — (n) — rêth- / ranguth-; udwll-; (f)wlguthrVsh; ippand(a,u)
flow — (v) — h/pan(a)m-; Cuth(u)n-
Flowers & sim. — (deriv suff) — -i/wcchi / -wnki
fly — (v) — nikimb-
follow; go along with — (v) — chwn(C)-; dank/khut(C)-; mup(C)-
foot, leg — (n) — w:dhak; ak(k)im/p/b-; (d,th)ânuk; (g)uz(g)a
(foot)print — (n) — uphad(d)-; (track) loz(z)ak
ford, wading — (n) — ikpa(a)l(i)t; rathind-V; yum-Vk/g-, -ek/g-
forest — (n) — kåth(th)-un(g)ya, -in(g)ya / hnad(as)sunk; mik/migdas/sh; ungzwrtha(n) / (g)wrthåss-a, -in; h/kas(at)t(u)ol; nw(o)rrattung; thun(d)ash; h/kafromb-a(l,r,th) [f/t]; (unth-, ukh-, ph-)arnak; (t)omb-unza, -anza
foreign, strange — (adj) — fên-ag, -ug; (br,pn,gw)azag [#-(g)il vs. -nuk, -duk ??]
forget — (v) — (k)asamb- ~ kithimb-
forward, forth — (adv/pref) — k/hewd-, k/hiwth-
four — (num) — (C)ab-al, -an, pannV(n) / (a,Ca)thirn-; tal(a)m- / talang-
free — (adj) — (y)wsp-; u(d,t)runz-
frigid — (adj) — mish- / nush-task-, -a/unk-
from (Ablative) — (suff) — -u-ldi / -Ca-ldi / -u-rd(a/i); (prep) th/su(n)d, sudar/thada-l, -r [colloquially -a/ult, -a/urt, possibly] — prep. hyong/nk / tywl pro *(*)thagib/thógwb ?
front: in front of — (prep/ppos) — p/hudug-Vr, -Vl; (h)yuz-an, -on / yust-V-; thâl-V-; d/lomap(-gi/-lå) / lumip(-gi/-lå)
fruit — (n) — (th)ungra(w)th
fur, pelt, furry skin  — (v) —  hrokkw/hroggw [skin, cutis = dalat/d- / djanap/b-]
game, playing — (n) — ârVp/êrip; tizal(CV)/tizdal; ra(n)dur
garlic — (n) — (d)ihham(-a, -u); miga/ultak/hh-; at(t)awg-
gas, vapour — (n) — thond-V, thols-a, (s,th)u(m)phok
gather; amass — (v) — d/rop(u)k-; (u)mirkw-
generation — (n) — ut(t)-ap, -up
germ, speck — (n) — o(r)tul(în)
get, arrive — (v) — th/han(a)k-; ul(u)z-
give, grant — (v) — than(d)rab-; vang(C)- / zVr-/tiur-dang(C)-
glass (substance) — (n) — i/upnang; (C)azanc / (r)uph-anc, -inc / nwthanc; kVdjar/kudjar; sabra; dahhVng / djong-; (glass-item) thazok / kadwk
glimpse — (v) — hw(å)rd/g- / kvárot
globe, sphere — (n) — gûd-ak, -ek
go, fare; turn out, happen — (v) — bud/th(C)-; ul(u)z-; djang-/djVng-; tr/drwng- / hru(g)(ånd)- / knåmb-; [go, walk] (g,d)wn(w)z-; thabal-/thubul-; zwndr-
go (a)round, twirl — (n) — djam(a)p-, d/trak(a)m-, mad(a)r-
go back, return — (v) — dreny-, dren(g)(i)-; mag(a)b- / matnumb-
goat — (n) — zahomb(l)ak; dzurang-u, -a
gold — (n) — bun(z)ak; hyarut/d-; h/thaubil
gold-red — (n/adj) — tar(an)t-
good — (adj) — [swell] thêr-/thîr- / th(a)wbar; hVdna; nionk, n(y)azan; [morally] panath- / panith-
govern, rule — (v) — maz(a)n-
grab   — (v) —   sat(a)l- / pat(a)l-; mw(go)lt-
great — (adj) — (kv)az-a(n), (kv)azna vs. iz-an, izna
ground   — (n) —   arb-ak, -aki; udni, unni
group, troop — (n) — ti(i)bank(a) / t(h)imbank(a)
grove — (n) — ch/til(thV)dar; ath(u)r-, ith(a)r-unzak/g-
growth; plant — (n) — baki/um(b)-V; bundakka/i
guard; stare at — (v) — than(a)l-; lwp(w)k-; y-/p-andl(i)-; (g,l)wtnå(n)k-; zad(a)g-; th/dhul(u)kh-; (d,m)ipil- / um(u)p-; (guard, keep) ranap-; (ta-)lumy-; uz(u)n- / unz-
guily — (adj) — nô/nuopa(-?)
gulf, bay — (n) — pâm-i(g), -ag
half — (n/adv) — thun(u)k; prêzik; ginka, ginya; â/êduk/g-; min(g)z-am, -a(p); gw/kwêth-an, -a(p/b-)
hall  — (n) —  d/Crad-(ul)lo; g/Cark-int, -wnt; tad(V)mi/tar(i)m(b)i; nV(n)-/(p)wn-kwnda / mw-/kåz-zund-; (dw)zanga/i; h/kond-ash, -azzV
hand — (n) — yugib / yukwa(n,na); dênak/g-
hang, depend — (v) — kaph(a)t-; ming(z)- [mun(u)k-]; an(a)ph-; rat(a)n-
harbour, haven — (n) — bund(â)-bi/-gu; op(p)åt/d-
hard — (adj) — m/k/tingd- [+adj suff]
harsh, coarse — (adj) — taur-a, -an, tak(k)ar
have, hold — (v) — ram(a)b-; nad(a)g-; il(i)g-
head — (n) — sa/suramb / sîra(n,m); go(n)dat / gon-at, -ang, -ank; n/t/tho(g)gu-m(b), -l [a/i] (< *nuqn-/nuqinn- &c.); (t,th)anup/t, (t)anyup; djuny(ak); sadwp (= ?kVshand-)
heal- — (v) — man(a)g/k-, ban(a)g/k- / kun(u)g/k- [12/19]; (ka,kin)djad(y)-
health- — (stem) — dlend(ri)- / do(l)lwnt-; b/maran-; (hu/ku)phång-
hear — (v) — bon(C/CC)-; tin(i)b-/tingy-; ath(a)k/n-; (yan)chal-; kuth- / ukh(u)th(C)-
heart; pulse — (n) — upukka/i, utuk-CV
hearth — (n) — kradj-i33at/d-, -aksur; zhwntaks- / (t)aphaks-ut
[helmet — (n) — ammak, ambak(ka) (< AS'M..)]
here(-at / -to?) — (adv) — munda, mung-a(n), -in / kapim / namp(h)- / tlang-im, -vi / sang(lant) / yalt, yan(a)t
hide, conceal — (v) — klan(C)-; thVma(n)k-; bun(u)k-; gunumb-
hillside, downhill/uphill  — (n) —  kunap/b-, kunip/b-; im(b)nok / ibånt(h)a, ibint(h)a
history, background; content — (n) — (g)ippw:d- / (g)uppād(u)
hold (up)  — (v) —  ran(a)d- / run(u)d- / (ti,ta)mrand- / brVnd-; ad(a)b-
hole — (n) — guzuk / guthup; d/namak; punthil, pw:thi
hope, wish  — (v) —  gil(i)d/z-
hour  — (n) —  (up)påkta, (ap)påhta / pa(n)zit/d, pazda(l,n); bôth-an, -in
house, building — (n) — athur/atnur; kuzal; trâgu; m/tînak/g-; (h)nank(a,i), (h)nankiC; h(u)nadrV(n); po(n)dwr; rêpwn(d)-; [psb. = family] ming-Vp, -Vd
ice; frost — (n) — pastVp / pundap / p(u)nakka(-s); th/sha-/hya-nurrak; ang-zudra, -zukra; uppukh-
ignite, set ablaze — (v tr) — h/kVnkithr- / kVntVrd/z-; (w)gwt(l,n,to(r)sh)-
immediately — (adv) — ya(a)lag / yån(d)rag; (dy,ty)årwk; lyadask
important — (adj) — (ya/yw)sab/v-
in, at (Locative) — (prep) mång, noth(w), ywl, -o; (suff) — -b/mak, -pak / -y/gVm(b), -kVm(b); -gil, -kil
Infinitive — (suff) — -âbil [i/w] / -âkiC/m/s / -ukin(da) / -ôkid/p/s [also cp. Bsq. -aiki, egon; Frl. agî; Prs. -gī]
inside, within — (prep) — kentw(n-) / kempw(n-); hn/tlu(u)mib
Instrumental (Case) — (suff) — -pan(c)/-pin(c) (p / b) / -d/n/rav/-riv, -val/-vil / -sang/-sing (s / z) / [plural?] -(i)thon; (prep/ppos) pna/pnuzzan / råth-nVd, -pa(n)
interval, space — (n) — (r)uzanc/(r)uzång; (kn-, tn-)arihhi; (h,n,t)unguonk; (d-, th-)akkimp
into — (prep) — yak-id, -ud; (n)ungo, nong(i)
iron — (n) — kim(b)and/nt [i/u]; yas(s)ik, yangza/zi; tnagon; b(a)-/b(u)-runthi
island — (n) — muonap/mombi(n)/mombni; ik(ûh)on- / ikVtton-
jar — (n) — k/t/thiddak [i/u]
journey — (n) — ka(n)s-amba, -Vmba; t/kunalg-; talda / fadal(C)V
jump, leap — (v) — tuppung(C)-; i(n)k(i)t-
keep, store — (v) — (Cu)kul-; (ch)imbr-; djugun(t)-
key — (n) — u(m)pog-, upong(-V); k/pVzVdluhhó
king — (n) — (V)nghamis(s)- / g(h)amis(s-); eggwt/d- / (h,hn)engyôda
knife — (n) — hminzat/d-; hrenchak / hnêchak
knock — (v) — dåkl(i)-
know, be aware of — (v) — mak(a)p-; pad(a)n-, path(a)n-; pau/puo-kand-; pamald-; sig(i)b-;(rw/lw-)zand-; lV-kimb-; lab(a)n/th-
lair, hole — (n) — (g,gn)umpol / (g)inthon
lake-shore; lake — (n) — mintro/midro(C-), midronda, mikV(n)torda
lamp — (n) — thuks-adda, -al/-u(o)l, -intul; ogwt(t-)
land(s), fields — (n) — kunab/konnab; yo(o)duk/g-; têthak [12/19]; (LANDSCAPE) mingza, mirza
land, descend — (v) — mungl(i)- / munkl(i)-; t/dangri-; gi/gum(b)Vst-
large, big — (adj) — gunt(a); s/shan(a)k-; (b,d)yokip
last, go on, endure — (v) — (u)othn- / kit(h)-n-; ip(i)t-; munk(u)s- / bun(u)t- / mup(u)k-
last, final, ultimate — (adj) — lazni(n) / soznin
Lative ('to, into') — (suff) — -y/zang / -(C)ang(li,di); -(ê)ph(a) / -(za)kiph; -(u)nkid [pl. -unwong, -umbong, -âbon]
lava — (n) — hr/trehhur; s/shuntli (u/a)
lead (metal)  — (n) —  zw(n)gan, zåvan(nV)
lead  — {v} —  tag(a)r-; t(h)un(u)m-; chumbr-; djan(a)t-; lan(a)k-; ning(C)-/nink-; hus(u)t-; pal(a)n(d)-
leaf  — {n} —  ungip/b-; b/vathup; th/yafduk/g- ~ th/yabdak/g-
least: at least — (adv) — ban(C)im
leave, abandon  — (v) —  bu(ru)ng- / vu(ru)ng-
left (side)  — {adj; n} —  (gw)assimb-, (gw)astimb-, gwazdim(b)- [e.g. Glc. asimau, Fi. vasem-/vasen]; ånzuk-
lid, cover — (n) — dugVl, (d)ugnor-; bal(i)th-(g)åssi, -(k)igna
peace — (n) — h(aw)nam(b)-; (y)ênal
lie horizontally — (v) — ik(i)n- / udg- / uk-; mizb-; zal-
life — (n) — (as sth led or 'built') yavrak/g / yurak/g
lift, raise — (v) — wth(u)n- / h/nuth(u)p-; (ki)yas(a)t-; (C)ug(u)y-
light, brightness — (n) — mi/még(g)i(n)dj / ke(n)dji-
like, as — (prep) — omb(-wn) / kamb-wl, -(Vk)ir/-Vtha
like, be fond of — (v) — hring(z)-; eph(V)n-
line, dash; border(line) — (n) — kV:dap/b-; (wån-, b-)rug-an, -al; (h)yôrut; yaw-/yun-kVnna
listen (to) — (v tr) — ywng- / yu(o)nkw-; athan-; on(w)b-
live, be alive or dwell — (v) — gw(n)tr-
Locative — (suff) — -måk (-(V)gam/gim, -(a)gil, -(va)nda/-vinda) / -råk
long, tall — (adj) — zudur; mamp-; hanuk/hanunt; a(n)gthar; hwntal; yanat(t-); (d)ur(a)m(g)-i; tun(u)m-
look, behold, see — (v) — knim(b)-; yan(a)g/k-; thin(i)d-; umb-, un(u)b-
look for, seek — (v) — mudj(u)n-; (d)or(u)k(b,C)-
look like, seem — (v) — gwz(u)n-; d/trenk-
lord — (n) — chandwn- / chaddwn-
lose, be deprived of — (v) — guz(u)r-; hab(a)d-
lost: become lost, stray — (v) — djal(a)t-; (d,l)upak-
low — (adj) — (a)gomm-/(a)gomy-; (downwardy) zûm(a)- / z(a)una-ngi
loyal — (adj) — (d/z)up(p)-anz- / -undag-
luck — (n) — (h,k)uppo(t)
magic — (n) — sanza
magpie — (n) — sw(ld)rakk-a, -i-
make, fashion — (v) — al(un)d- / u(kw)ld-; (g)latas-
male (person) — (n) — giúp (aug/Gsg. -ka); [gu-, yu-] (n)amb-as, -aun, (n)ambra; h/t/thårb(a) [-br-?] ~ galba / apkVr, apkal; (person, sb) (C)atta(k,n,p); nintung/nilunt/nindol [<~ Som, Jap, etc.]
mansion — (n) — pozra
many, several — (adj) — (u)bungi; ûnuk / unki; djat-/kVth-nimbal; kwssild-
'Masculine' nouns — (suff) — -u [to f. -un(gi), -unni], -a, -Vp, -Vk
mask — (v) — til(i)d-, tel(e)d-
massive, huge — (adj) — kaz(am)b,-i, -ar
mast — (n) — dun(u)(n)k(h)i; phazbw(w)n, phan(an)zil
matter, substance (phys.) — (n/elem) — mê(gw)n / mu(y)on(a)
maw — (n) — d/twzarc
mean, indicate — (v) — rûs/z/th-
means, way — (n) — izg(a); gatham; (l)agdar / (l)a(n)thir; (a)zangi / zunuk
measure — (v) — (C)intabr- / bithr-, bit(i)r-
meat, flesh — (n) — pidda, pitta (i/w); okri, ekri / ógat; yazg(-at, -wt)
meet (with), encounter — (v) — pram-; th/yVk(V)s-
member; limb, bodypart — (n) — ha(a)god; at(t)wng; ur(V)d / (d)ruon; lakpVn(d,t); ran(a)t / lathrVn(d,t)
-ment (Product, not Action) — (suff) — -ê/ônuk / -awdak / -an(d)uk
metal  — (n) —  andak / wndahh-; bura(n)d-ag
metallic tool (sharp-pointed) — (n) — kaphîn
middle  — (n/elem) —  s/yok(k)wn; djan(a)s-, djun(u)s-/udjun-
might, power — (n) — mung-îra(m), -(an/in)dul/r, -åmbri [#2 partially affected by Celtic *-enā]
milk — (n) — (d,g,dj)utnuk
mill — (n) — zangwa, -s / zwr(t)angi
mind — (n) — ónur; apûmil; (t)randra/ri; ci/n/yang-zot, -phot, -ta
moment, breather — (n) — ittan(d,t); yankit/th, yangit/th; sang
month   — (n) —   patan ~ pa(w)gon; hr/kratup/mb-; kinthåk/kinshåk
"monument" — (n) — (k)nwmpa / (k)ninka
moose, elk — (n) — kin(a)ch-ramba
mountain — (n) — kungunza, kanginza; (a)thamb-ir, -aC; thênam; huddwnc; unkVm(b-); un(d)yang-
mountainside — (n) — kínok; akhap ~ akkop ~ ka(d)råpp-; wmpand-; dummu(n)gat
mouth   — (n) —   ung(y)a / unkwa
mouth (only of rivers + caves?)  — (n) —  apar; kranki / dranki [12/19]; gangwa, ungwa; yap(p)ol
move, transfer  — (v) —  hrun(u)k- / (kV)srun(u)k-; (intr) shan(a)k-; (hna)prVng- / hnap(a)r- ~ knimbr-
much, a lot — (adv) — taor, taur; puk(k)an, -da; pê/pótul(-li, -za(C), -yag/t)
must — (v) — d/taphan- / udul- / u(n)th(ul)-; yuruk- / (a)djar- / (V)djuor-
name — (n) — yon(d)ap/b- / pênat; lûthi(m), labri(n); yó(n)ta(n)g; za/zorûn
naked, bare(d) — (adj) — h/kunzal, kunkal
nature — (n) — rôd-ak/g-, -uk/g-; ka/ku(d)zan(k) / (Ca)-binzak/g-
near- — (elem) — zawg- / zuo(g)- / zwnug-; chamb(al/an)-
neck, throat — (n) — hluppu; pa(n)d(r)il ~ panat(t-); a(n)gdap [disass. < Fi. kaula; Frl. golane (necklace)]
need, require — (v) — kin(i)ch- / kun(u)ch-
neither / nor — (adv / conj) — kitan, kitun
-ness — (suff) — (-i)-ntar, -b/m/puon / (-a,i)-mbol / -Vr-bå(l), -an-ka/-a(a)n-wr, -kî(n,C) / -lî(n,C); / -rï(n), -(a,V)draC; (-k,t)-umba(C), -ûma, -tembi; -(un)gi(n/š/t), -ûnak/-unzi(n) [C. -ancha, -at/-itat/-etud, -(l)ín, Jap. -in]
new — (adj) — p/tambar; têkha(m,mb); yâla / yalath-
next to — (prep) — togo, to(n)vo; zêgun-, za(l)luk- (+sfx?); lombra / lyam(m)ip; (k,r)auban(du) / (k,r)apsan(du) (Frl. oan, donghe, Bsq. ond-oan)
night — (n) — ruo(-b), -nt, ruor; ump-il, -or; h/k/muz-al, -ul; zókVn
noise — (n) — hron-/jan(g)-/pån(g)-kumb-ush
north — (n) — (hn)impat/d-; hón-ånk, -unk; (s,sh)uhhår
nose — (n) — phûzin / pûkin
notice, see — (v) — lach(a)l-
Noun: '..ed thing' — (suff) — -(b)ar, -(p)ar [a/i]
now — (adv) — gung / uonc / (th,h)agau; attawk-i/w(-C) [cp. Skr, Hbr]
number — (n) — h/kanit / thinzak; gånw(n)z-
Numerals (Cardinal): (1) lubuk / t/thayim / gwik(k)-; (2) othin / zayar / êmaph* / bådank; (3) kên(ag); (4) olup / mir(r)Vt/d / gimbri / rin(d)am; (5) bón-azh, -izh; (6) thaol / (ån)kust [Nav, Fi, &c.]; (7) sûph / mólab / a(a)thVp; (8) z(h)un(y)ak/g; (9) h/kubath; (10) (dr)å / u(n)gåmb; (0) yathum / kúmab / kúyam || * < metath. < *(kh)âwim- (CNah, Sem)
Numerals (Ordinal) — (suff) — -agni, -u/Vggi
obstacle, immobilization — (n) — bu(n)turk
of (Genitive) — (suff) — (for V-finals?) -(n)ga/-(n)gw/-gí(m) [-ng- = Inukt. <–> Uzb.], -(n)dw/-(n)zV/-(n)drV, -k(a)w/-v(a)w/-v(u)o, -a(dh)o/-u(dh)o; (for C-finals?) -im(b)/-am(b)/-ing/-ang [Ex. 12:42!], -a(a)d/-i(i)d/-u(u)d, -(a)úc/g, -ir
offer — (v) — b/chVt(V)r-; ranya(n)g-
officium — (n) — (k)i/d/tozal
old — (adj) — zandri; (g/l/t)undyar; kanar
on, atop — (prep/ppos) — uzo / zuo; kymma; nomp(w); mis/šk, -ir
once = after — (conj) — lôkim(b); pâdåm(b) / pâlam(b); apun(-thi, -dji)
-onic, -esque — (adj suff) — -azâ(n), -uzâ(n)
opportunity — (n) — ka(m)binda; songrat/th
or / maybe — (conj / adv) — sápu-l, -r / (r)u(s)tap
-ous (Char-Adj.) — (suff) — -uspu, -uspi
orange (fruit) — (n) — halchonda(s); e(l)tristul ~ uhtristun; drazz-il, -ol
order, arranging — (n) — munwi-
out (forth), into outside — (pref, adv) — akhir; dar(C)os/th; šan-kwd, -umb, -vong
outside — (adv/?prep) — makot; djak-/djå(s)t-und-
owl — (n) — gunth-a, -ú(C), (bw(s)-, (g)us-)sung-ra, -li(n)
own, possess — (v) — ki/kumunk- / (th,t)VbVk-
own, personal — (adj) — (k)ralzi/(k)ranzi; hattin; pûn-åk, -ek
page, leaf  — (n) —  ålsut/d (th?) ~ ithlut/d-
pain — (n) — unka; (dj)wthwrg/k-
parchment   — (n) —   thar(k)up, aph(wr)thusk, thar-gVnt, -dwk, thim(u)kråp
'park' (eq. concept) — (n) — hunhadda/hunhatta
part, piece, section — (n) — nózun(t); yôth-ak, -ek, -uk; gizd-V
pass (of time) — (v) — at-(a)n- / wsh-wn-
passageway — (n) — k/nunclo; thamankVl/s; h/kadyak/th
Passive Participle — (suff) — -alb(i), -pVl, -bul; -Vlc; -a/uzna; -wil / -âmi, -amb(r)a/-imb(r)e/-wmb(r)w / -ûnak/g / -zil/-sil [vs. -kas, -tap/s ~ -gis, -(n)dip]
past, by  ~ {prep} ~  (t)ra(a)guph; kum(b)-ik, -Vk, -VC
Past Tense (Regular) — (suff) — -ambV- ~ -AUzV- [Pol, IbRom] / -(i,å)kta / -(uo)kV- / -(V)kkV/-(V)ngV / -add-il, -ål, -aiduk [pf?]
Past Tense (Reduplicated) — (example) — nûnam/nim ("(s)he began, has begun" vs. "became, turned into")
paste — (n) — ukta(r,rd), ungith(a?)
path — (n) — edmi; s/thónak/g-; mi(n)zuk/g- / zakka; (C)urumba/i
patch of land; zone — (n) — fradanc, fra(n)zîn; (z)Vngra(d) / huntra; prumb-al, -anc, -ant; ankwn(t) / ahhan, (m)ahhinda; kawthun
pay — (v) — hlumb- / tlumb-; hoz(o)l/n-; keloth-C/n-
peace — (n) — h(aw)nam(b)- / hak(kV)n-wm-; (y)ênal
peak, top — (n) — r/sunup/b- / zanip/b- ; duguwn, undyang; (dy,hy,kw)onzi; gattamb- (< -th(th)- / -Cth-)
penetrate, pierce through — (v) — hrudz(uC)-; ag(a)d-
people — (n) — zanka
perfect — (adj) — Vngêbal / mêbal
period — (n) — kambur
person (as 1-elem: of X quality, place) — (n) — ubb-a, -u / (i)banc / binc ('m.')
phase, stage — (n) — kn-, kl-am(g)-a(d), -i; bondwt/bwnut(ti)
Phenomenon, Incident, Unique or Sudden Event noun — (suff) — -a/ugga, -a/ukka, -akwa, -ikwe [< Cat, Fi]
pick up — (v) — (C)uzang-; (ond-)yut(i)-; (y)afank- / kVd-munk-; (g)u/(g)ans(u)og-b/l-; [= find] (ch,k,t)umpird- / noch(Vrd)-; umikn- / k/tinakn-
piece, part — (n) — (g)ótar / giupar; tôna; tarud/C
place, location — (n) — ikip/b-; guntan, gu(u)dak; trî/trunur; osba/i / athip/b-; nå/nwthra; (for action X) indar
Place or Container Noun — (suff) — -ôri, -owri; -acha/-anda/-nâd, -icha/-inda/-nîd, -ucha/-und-
plain — (n) — zâp(h)a, -n
Plural, Nominative — (suff) — (-â,-b,-g)-on, -(u)ir; -itta(d) / -êtha(r); -(n)eu / -(Vl,Vr)wa(d) [also cp. Pr-C. -owes, -nwā] / -al-, -il-, -ul-βå(r), -bi(r)
point, spot — (n) — lêtun(d-?)
poor — (adj) — so(nd)rak/g-, sózuk/g-; uf(wn)tal
portion, dose / food, dish — (n) — patt(-V) / punnat / pangwat
position, posture — (n) — (hn,kn,r)altom(ba-)
possess, hold, own — (v) — zan(a)k- / zin(i)k-; un(u)s-
potato — (n) — pr/trambur
pour — (v) — p/phun(u)t-
power — (n) — n/dôzil
power (command, influence) — (n) — zunas/z-; yûtok; gelwnthV-; lûnath
Present Continuous — (suff) — [between verb and pn, vs. after pn as a postposition] -îbok / -umbå(k) / -assV (-aththV)
preserve, maintain — (v) — (CV)(g)wonz-, von(w)s-; lon(o)v-
price — (n) — arphas/sh/t; (y)ultor(n)
prince — (n) — nogon(t), nugon(t)
produce, yield   — (v) —   hlandr-
progress, transpiring — (n) — rwduk/g-; katap(p-)
Prolative: via — (suff/prep) — umbor / (hn)åmbr(i,V) / twm(b)ud
Pronominal Subject — (v pres suff) — [sg. 1-3] -(ansh)aph [-(and)iph], -(ansh)ar [-(and)ir], -(ansh)a(n) [-(and)i,uk]; [pl. 1-3] -wlb(-) [-umphi(-)], -wrn(-) [-ul/un-zhi(-), -ezzi], -wdda(l)/-wdla/-wdna [-ulki(-)] (alternative paradigm: -îdur, -îdwš, -îd-w(k)/-in; -ínaph, -ínadj/-intwng*, -ilga) || * 2 fpl. or reverential
Pronouns, Personal Indep. — (pn) — [sg.] u(n)3un / (l)uny; kap(an) / šuny; (r-, zh-)wng- / (n-, zh-)ûb / ûp; [pl.] phål(di) [iphl-o(n)]; djål(di) [(k)azhl-o(n)]; 3pl (y-, ny-)arthi, åril / (z-, zh-, n-)ungi-, ayyV- / dâsi- / (n)ümm-V- / wtonk
pull, draw — (v) — yVdr- / gVdr- [d vs. t]; mahen(y)- / mihan(n)-
pulse — (n) — makt-o(o)n, -ony(a), -andi
punch — (n) — uksanka/i; uksampa/i; unuz-/unz- +action suff
push — (v) — tuph(u)k-; duk(u)n/s-; yaz(a)b- / yak(a)th-
put — (v) — d/nath(a)r-; zun(u)d/k-; rangr-/kran(a)t-; zan(a)b/ph- / aph(y)-; (a,u)thår-; (h)ungidy-/gungond-
quick, fast — (adj) — adhran/azal; pathal / djathal; mundra/mund-ar
quiet, silent — (adj) — te(lV)ng / t/kovong-; h/kód-ak, -uk; i/ok-ith, -a(n)t ~ uhhwnt
raft — (n) — tuk(k)adra; pannwk/g-, pandwk/g-
raise — (v) — ak(a)p- / hnobVst- / (m)inkist- / og(i,w)r-
ravine, pass — (n) — nantrw; ombin(c,t)
reach, attain — (v) — b(h)un(u)t-/vun(u)t-; (y/dz)anamp-; (y/k)wndl-; maz(a)b/d/n-; (th)amag- / tinig- / måkki/und-; tån(d)wk-
read — (v tr) — h/kunuz-; agap-, angnap-, angyap- / ?anghith(C)-; gun(d)mag(y)-
ready — (adj) — yak-an, -nath, -rad; b(l)emb-il, -in
rear, back — (n) — oz-ak, -ang; (r)attup; dunná(r)zak/g-
red — (adj) — drunni(p); (h)isgar / thV(n)gral
region — (v) — ûpak/g-; gr/praldwk; yan(i,a)k; simbat/sumbat
relative — (n) — zundilb-a, -i, zunalzik/g- / zundul-kas, -pan/-pin (OHG #-tar)
relievery, outhouse — (n) — r/hublanc; hlazil(l-)
remain, stay — (v) — kland(r)-; ud(dV)m/k/r-
remain over, be left — (v) — uth(u)n-, uz(u)n-; yal(a)n- / yank-; lar(a)p/t-; gin(i)p-; (hr)am(a)g/k- / (hr)amy- / hrwb(u)n-
remember — (v) — ud(u)g-/ut(u)g-; th/tal(a)z-
remove; take one's leave — (v) — hnad(a)r- / knag(a)r-; hungl- / huntl-; uodj-/angadj-; nal(a)z/zh-
repair — (v) — (n,s)iltr-
repeat, come/do again — (v) — hat(a)r- / kat(a)r-; shanam- / djam(b)r-
rest — (v) — pin(i)th-; guz(u)n- / guth(u)m(b)-; din(i)k-; (d,(d)l,z)umVng-, k/tana(n)g-
revere, honor, etc. — (v) — (C)amilg- / gimilg/k-
ride (a horse) — (v) — kod(u)z-; Vdr-; gi(n)t(V)r-; bVk(V)th-; pwdwng-
right, correct — (adj) — brâl- / (t)ubrol
ring, circle  ~ {n} ~  (sVn)ank-a, -u
rinse or fish (tr) — (v) — muhhul(th,d)-
rise, ascend — (v) — zwn(d)r-; kid(i)r-; (C)wph(w)g/k-; aly-, (mig)ily-
river — (n) — lundok/(t)lon(d)ul; gassim(b)
road — (n) — onot(t-); mazan; yunka; mun(t)ohh-/mon(d)kon/mu(n)dunk
roof — (n) — ipp-i/wts, -i/wtz
room (with door) — (n) — onga, onkha; yunik/g-, ath(y)wnc; sarwd; yaroth(a); appanc/nt; (h,k)nazwa; twnd- / phand-(a)li, -unt, -a(n)gi
room, -iness, space — (n) — katra/w / kasta; namuk / taluk
rooster — (n) — VrdVl-kw:l, -kw:n [Frk. hann-, hān-]
root — (n) — k/trassalg-; hot(t)Vn-; hrafant-ur, -rw
rope — (n) — uttårya(b/k/n) / un(d)s-al, -ul / u(thi)lyak; minkhart; ginosc/ginosp/gunoth(V)
round — (adj) — (pn)ombal ~ (pr)umbar [Slov. obel]
route — (n) — kesba; minkan / minkand(a,i,u)
row, line — (n) — brang(i,w)-a/-u; tillwk; zêna-k, -p
sage, witter — (n) — gwånd-/(g)uond-aura, -âr-i, -ya(l,n)
sail — (v) — k/palund/t-; frw(n)gathb/C-; (uz)zång(r)- / padduong(r)-
say, tell — (v) — h/k(h)uz(z)und-; (b)irkind- / arkVp/b-; (n)amb(l)-
school — (n) — lûza(n)
scorpion — (n) — ya/ywkralîn
scythe — (n) — hragist-, hragwst-
sea — (n) — tau(n)gis(t); utlhlha(thw)kh-; (g)udundVs/sh / gustondVs/sh / gunanthal / kVn(u)sh(t)ar
season — (n) — hrankûzam/hru(m)pûzam; nuzanda / nurVmba; uthårn(a)
seat, throne — (n) — dj-, th-arkith(V); nankit(V)s- / nankVnz-V
second, another; yet, still, more — (adj/adv) — yast(-) / hyast(-) / tyast(-); kran- [12/19]
secret — (adj) — thazli
see, view — (v) — up(u)n- / p(h)unub/ph-; ur(u)d-; gin(i)t- / gumbr-, th/knVm(b)r-; (y)wz(u)n-; tl/djVng(C)-; g(o)rong-/gurung-; had(a)b-; pran(a)k-
seem — (v) — koz(u)n-; gar(a)d-; roth(u)n-; [vs. "eat"] mip(i)r-, (g)nib(i)r-
self — (pn) — (k)årthi / (ng)olt(-V); hr/grap-ak, -wk
send — (v) — yan(a)g-; mazb/g-; upuk- / tumb-; kwn(V)sh/b-
serve, follow — (v) — mingd- [< MIK'T ?]; (g,hl)it(i)n-
shadow — (n) — onkon(t); pankim(b)-
sharp — (adj) — nau-traph, -trask
she-, female — (suff) — -i(l)ch-; -(e,o)rb-
shelf — (n) — pod(og)ni
shell, casing — (n) — iksam(bi), ikswmm-; (gVš)napril; ikk-it, -Vt
shine  ~ {v} ~  (n)um(u)p-, (n)umung-
ship — (n) — dj/yatwk (< g/jant.wk-, jatunk-); tagal / pheng-la, -ol / nung(i)la-; guz(V)n(d)a-; djam(y)ag/k; un(g)omb-a/w, uttV(ga)sh-
shoe — (n) — b/d/toz(V)g, b/d/tozak/g-
shore, coast — (n) — o(m)ban; thinda(s,C); dju(u)m/n-ak, -(u)r(C)a
shoulder — (n) — (t)rûnåk/g-; (l,r)ippak/g-
shoulder-pouch or bag — (n) — mangVd, mathad(ra), muh(h)adra
show; look like — (v) — an(a)g-; h/tig(i)n-; nidda(C)z-; daph(a)m/n-; mingd/y- / mel(e)b-; pa/putramb- / pVt(t)umb-
shower — (n) — a(dh,w)pach, -a; th/dhûlak; o(n)g-, oz-, oth-dil; yûrath / ywzrat
shut, close — (v) — mintr-
side — (n) — dunuk / du(u)nak; ruzda / hlummap; (1L?) peng
siege — (n) — za(C)nuk/g-
sign-board — (n) — fan(dr)uk; (l)ud(un)ywk
single, sole — (adj) — kôthi; nizar, nêzar; nempa
Single Action — (suff) — -ank; -imb(i), -umb(i) [Frl/Tr/&c.]; -arc, -art, -u(o)rd; -bad,n/-pad,n; -uodî/-unt(h)î, -ugî(C)/-unkî(C)
sink; be forgotten — (v) — mVk(V)d/t- / ku(C)t(u)sk(i)-
sit / sit down — (v) — mib(i)k- / mVp(V)k-
situation; weather — (n) — sankol(da), sânwk; frund
size   — (n) —   pindak / pakun / pu(hu)nk; zumung/nk / zam(b)a/uhhin; tr/drêz(a); hr(u)obar / hrina(r) / hrêgi-; zêdak/zôdik
skill — (n) — hla(n)dor / hlabor
skull   — (n) —   phwkkw(ph), -Vz, -zV, -shV, thuskVp / sukupp-a, -wt [pp/ff]
sky   — (n) —   kit(t)wp/b-; lubunk, lum(m)ank; ig(g)ut/d-; mV(n)kud; in/untwng(iC)
sleep — (v) — kin(i)s/sh- / kin(i)t/th-
slow — (adj) — kadral- / trul-
slow down (etc.)  — (v) —  in(i)g/kh- / ot(o)kh-
small, little — (adj) — t/thwngl-; iznak/(n)g; utaz(z)- / udass-; h/kêlant; k(a)uthank/kótal/kuntal; thwgil; (g)umbtil : dim. suff. -ûgin(ni), -authin(ni)
smell, give an odour — (v) — (twph-/hru(ph)-)phalt-; [also tr?] dont(V)l-
snow — (n) — knazat, knazhat/d-
soil — (n) — ank-wth/-wttV; milanc/mindanc/mundanc/mubbwnc
sole, solitary, only — (adj) — (C)lûm-ip/ib-; daban-/zadan-
some, any — (adj) — klup-
someone — (indef pn) — hnal-si, -ti [inspired, still similish to Frl. tâl]
something — (indef pn) — hnal-mik, -m(i)Vk / mVk-si, -ti
son — (n) — dj/thagim, thamip; eppwr-/imbår-/yemmir [Trk!]
sound — (n) — dr(at)ong; tum(br)-i, -a(n), -un
south — (n) — nódal / unul; mônuk / mangV(p)/muogi(p)
sow, stich vs. make lace — (v) — i-/hnu-kmoll-
space, room — (n) — êkip/th; lununk ~ lum(b)ak; yu(u)nak / paunak; ultåk
speak, talk — (v) — gambr- / numbl(a)- / (hn)umbr- / (u)gimbl-; makwar- / mir(ig,im,in,ith)-
speed — (n) — ta(b,mb)-, thång-rulya; koltha
spend — (v) — (n,C)iark-; (k)vor(w)t-; oltV(n)g-
spice — (n) — h/frâmup; kr(u)otra/ri [< #H(-r)-ʔ-r-ʔ]
spread — (v) — fn/hnassird/t-; gw/milb-; (C)uol(k)-; yart-
spring, source — (n) — gonzil/gondjil; Vzbik
stair, step — (n) — honat, -tV
stand (still) — (v) — dag(a)r-; knamb- / krimb-; (l)ak(k)Vd-; a(n)kam/nt- / u(n)kum/nt-; yaram- / yapad-; um(u)b/g-
status, condition — (n) — atra, l/rûbak
stay, remain, keep o-s   — (v intr) —   hur(u)k- ~ ut(u)k-; (abide) k/tun(u)l-
step(ping)   — (n) —   gundra / dlundra; unk-ot(y) / -int-
still, yet / (any)more   — (adv) —   hunka; kVshan(d); ataur; pîr(VC) / pü:r(VC) / naar-ak, -a(m)b
store, stash  — (v) —  hun(u)t-; ank(h)-; fihh- / ipik(h)-; la(d,n)zat-/lu(d,n)zut-
stray, be lost — (v intr) — pash(a)n-; as/th(a)g/k-; yar(a)t-
stream — (n) — mirin(ga)
strike, beat — (v) — h/kwttakh(C)-
"Subjected to X-ing, Typically X-ed" noun — (suff) — -ubi / -b/pîC, -ukwV, -upk-(VC); -al(b)/-il(b)/-ul(b)
submerge? (vs. nn. "lake")  — (v) —  tun(u)k/kh- / tunak
Substance (powder, liquid / solid) — (suff) — -atûb/l, -iblV, -(ad)dub/l / -ikra, -akra, -ukta/o
suffice — (v) — et(t)Vr-, ut(u)r-
suffix = 'verbal noun / the noun produced to fulfill the verbal idea' — (suff) — -ûdi / -(âg)ult, -ulgit
suffix = marker (?) for nouns of storage-space — (suff) — -(a)gum, -athum / -uzzi / -ûzal,n / -i(i)nak
summon, beckon, invite — (v) — blonnam(b)-
Superlative Adjective — (suff) — -(um,am)bri / -ionkw
surface   — (n) —   la(a)m-ar, -in(C); than(t), thanya; a(a)gup/b-
surprise   — (v) —   (t)run(d)r-at/ad- ~ -ic/ig-
surround, lie around sth   — (v) —   ruk(u)n(d)-
swamp, mire   — (n) —   gundlVsk- / gundlá(r)zak/g-; no(n)dil
sweet — (adj stem) — phåns-/gwins-/gwinz-/gwidd-
swell — (v) — guonkli-, ga(t)hontl(i)- / p/zharronkl(i)-
sword — (n) — h(i)/k(i)sar-anc, -unc; pozdak/g-
table — (n) — d/than(n)ak/g- / pentak/g-; hûd-uk, -ok; (th/m)úbok/t
take, carry   — (v) —   gum(u)b-; djar-; (th)ammirn- / (g)iorn- / nangy(orn)-
take, receive   — (v) —   ith(i)g-; rim(i)b-; g/nuz(u)d- / gol(u)z-
tale, account   — (n) —   ningsup / guo-/dnau-djinda; pû-m-on(du) [cp. Slavic -(a)n-ina (Pol.), -(a)r (SCr.)]
target — (n) — olp ~ olpha
Target of Action   — (n-forming suff) —   -art (-Vrt)
teach   — (v) —   nam(a)g/k-; knal-/hyol-umb-
tell, connote   — (v) —   djal(a)-s-; påndl-; ombr-
that, it   — (pn) —   uok- / ûp
that, que   — (conj) —   ganna; ká(thi) / yaws, yabik / (a)pak, (C)Vmak / phang-
then, afterwards   — (conj) —   kindon / (dr)okkint (dron(o) kint) / ka(a)pun(da)
there, thither   — (adv) —   kup(p)-ål, -(avv)ang/-agdo/-Vngri
thick   —   (adj stem) — f/hwnd-; b/mangr-
thing   — (n) —   mikk-/mikvi(n)/mikvå(n,m); kvaz(z)-i, -u, chalyo/challi(n,m), dongwst, phân-ap/t
this   — (dem pn/adj) —   m. kw,shaudh-a(p), -a(k) (?) / f. kw,shwdh-li(n), -ni(n), kw,shån(g)-su(n), -lu(n), -nu(n), -innV
thousand   — (num) —   kûnap/b- / k/l/nu(n)kamb-V
thrive, flourish; feel at home   — (v) —   tram(b,k)-; nul(u)t-
through   — (prep) —   k(V)nat; ulzir / ya(a)zi; uphan(t); nauza [< #N-B/PH-Z]; (ab-, unt)onk-
throw, cast   —   (v) — d/trund-; (zh)wn(w)k-; oth(o)l- / odz(o)l-
tide   —   (n) — um(b)zag, ummâzag
time (abstr.)   —   (n) — (n)adr-a, -o; k/tws(s)und-a, -V
tip, point   —   (n) — m/pandli; nûkip/b-; (y,n)udrik/g-
today   —   — (adv) — ponid-; (u,yu)kun-thi- (vs. suffix/noun element -unthi ??)
toe(s)   —   — (n) — (h)nazol(l-?), (h)nazul(la); (y)enkebîn
tool, instrument   —   — (n) — p/bar(C)-ep/b-, -up/b-
Tool Name   —   (suff) — -sVk/p ~ -zVl; -ahto; -adro/-Vrt; -alya/-ultó/-ily-/-illi/-ingVl, -wly-/-ulli/-(un)gál,zh/-intwl [Ic. -all/-la, -ill/-li; C. -all; Hbr. mn9-l]
tooth   —   — (n) — klózak, klódak/g-; me/mVngud(d-), mêgwmp; (l)aktun(d)lat/d-, (k,C)adjak; (y)athun+zín, (d)uzan(d)lak, k(a)/k(u)lamba
Toponymic Ending   —   (suff) — -tîl / -êl- / -ilz-; -(a,a:)kint; -kûn / -tûn; -nui
topping, paving   — (n) —   ridakh / radikh; mV(V)lazar
touch   — (v) —   man(a)z-; g/pid(i)l-; ya(n)k- / yakab/n/s-; k(i)/yoth(u)l-
towards —: {prep} :— kí(g)an; miran / marab; thandwl
tower — {n} — êkhan(d,t) ~ êphin(d,k); kankis(C-?); (not high) dr/gradda
track; trace   — (n) —   brank-a / hrand-a, -uk
trail, trodden path — (n) — kephendra, kemmVndra
trade   — (v) —   bengz-/bingz-; mVlazz- / umblaz(i)-
trample, tread   — (v) —   grot(V)l-
transport, carry, take   — (v) —   min(i)s-; tol(u)z-
travel  — (suff) —  tum(u)g- / tim(i)g-; mir(i)k-; (th)Vskunk-; nog(o)sh-; zag(a)m-
treasure, hoard — (n) — mykris(c) ~ mohhV(t)nis(c)
tree-part (stump [= yost-al, -un, yocsa] ? trunk?) — (n) — tarnwl / parnwl
true, truthful   — (adj) —   maga(r)thal; tham(b)iny-ag/ug- (etc.)
trust — (v) — us(u)n-, us(u)l-
truth — (n) — zabanthV / tham(b)inya(t) / tha(l)kêm-; (C)a(w)kitt- (+ abstr. suff.)
turn, switch — (v) — wk(w)b-; m/paz(a)d-; m/n/thîrav-; (over; translate) (g,h,l)uz(u)d-
two — (num) — zayar / êmaph / bådank / (k)nVmb
under, less than — (prep) — (V)knêb; gamzVg / umzag
until   — (conj) —   (d)wókim; lum(bra) / nambra, -mblå(k,C); lêbun
'up', awake, afoot   — (adj) —   zwl(V)k
uphold, maintain   — (v) —   yur(u)t-
upon, over   — (prep) —   djuntar, -or; rotul; te(e)nuk
-ure (Lat. -ura)   — (suff) —   -altik / -andik / -andak(i)
use, utilise — (v) — keld- / teld-
vale — (n) — (s)Vbran(n-) / i(m)bra, (k/h)imba-d(d)-, -nk; pûna(k)
valley — (n) — ênunk/ng / dwk(k)iny(a) / neng-is, -a(s) / ûkep/b- / tûc-a(m)b, -ad
vehicle of human-power — (n) — h/thar(n)anga
veil, shroud, conceal — (v) — (n,th)um(u)p-
very — (adv) — zûnot, zwndw; tandra; p(i)nûkim (û/â)
vessel — (n) — huduk; (h)uzang; nemba
village — (n) — hankil(C)o- / hantil(C)o-
visit   — (v) —   tarag/n(g)- / rutun(-k/r/y/z)- / rudun(-k/r/y/z)-; yundug- / yalag-
vista, grand view — (n) — kunk-id, -it
voice — (n) — yar(a)n / yont-an, -wl
wait (for)   — (v) —   zaban(C)- ~ zamag-
walk   — (v) —   (t)rophang-
wall   — (n) —   h/punak / pemek/g-; ankip/b-, angup/b-
want, desire, wish   — (v) —   tikw(ori)-
war, strife   — (n) —   unkad/id/od-; kashun(na)t- / guš(š)adzV(u)-rag
warm sth — (v) — (zhå-)g(h)umb-i/unl- [Cat. marmita & Fi.]
wash; wash up  ~ {v} ~  djun(u)l(t)- / djwnthulg-
watch; stare  ~ {n} ~  sa(m)pak/g- / acha(m)bl-
water, liquid   — (n) —   ch/dja(m)bVk/g-; (k)ontlu / (n)yunkwl / yun(l,n)uk/g-
wave   — (n) —   p/chwndra; gand-iga (-dya); nun(gy)ant-; tralgw / tralluc/g-
way, road   — (n) —   at(t)un/adun; nam(m)-uk, -ik
weapon   — (n) —   timun(c) / timinc; (Vr-)sha(a)lath / shawlkit(h)
weather; condition, state   — (n) —   lôni/uk (-g-); talda-; tub/munda(n)k; hudrus(t)- / huntrozd-
well, pit   — (n) —   hunki-, huna/ingat; (mi)nahhon
when; if   — (conj) —   di/dónup / pwnup
which — (rel pn) — kran(d) / prwn(d)
while   — (n) —   bênak/g- / bundup
whip — (n) — hyabkuch / thalkuch [a 'Frl.' form-result]
white — (adj/n) — gudar / thadur
wicker   — (n, bot.) —   kan(z)ith- / tan(k)ith-
window — (n) — kentul(k)
wing — (n) — th/ha(n)gr-ust(V), -u(n)dwa; k/pandup
winter — (n) — e/Vmp-wt(t-), -wth; yadjVk-/yazzVk-; ta/tukkadr-as, -V- [-kk- < -bk-/-dk-/-phk- ?]; [ext. from 'skiing'] djaphkVr
with (com.)  ~ {prep} ~  ham; ankan; thû/ênal / nelt; zo(n)god/r; râ/å:bud; nêzw; pundyo, punud; (along with; in wake of) dundal, knomba/iC
without — (prep/ppos) — ankun; (f,l,n)azil; rumbil / rau(å)k; gassVt / nyassVt; nal(d)(V)b; gwont-ir
woman, wife   — (n) —   (h)êz-and, -ind; (z)hunv-o/ó, zhunkin (ü?), zhawn(-ur, ?-as); patki, pakti; zi/zhwlkad
wood — (n) — ardwk; (uk)kanut/d-
word   — (n) —   m/pênak
work, toiling   — (v) —   nâth(a) / nîth(a)
work, operate   — (v) —   nath(a)C- / nith(i)C-; manamb- / matrand-
world — (n) — (h)liza, -nda; ap(p)an(d,t-); kruon ~ krôda; zînuk; amal-kim(b), -kith
worm, creep, grovel   — (v) —   kran(a)k- / p/zan(a)k-
worth, value   — (n) —   hn- / hl-ammu(n)k
would (Conditional)   — (suff) —   -wrshå- / -urk(n)a- / -(â)mingå-
wrap, pack   — (v) —   kumb(V)d- / kummVdy-
write — (v) — d/tana(n)k- / uzzank-
writings, 'manuscripts' — (n) — brangon / frad(V)gon
year   — (n) —   gwansot/d-; wd(daa,dan)nu; (h)yullwt
??   — (??) —   -(al)lip, -istal/ul, -a/i/undur, -yå(å)thin [psb. Adv; the last one being about amount]; -anya / -unya; -biz-/-bay(i)z-; -eu/iuBa; kemma; klut(t)ol-; -ûmar / -(u)mâr; (nom.) -up [psb. = Fi. -(t)ti]; -umban / -(a)mbin; -a(l)dik


-ab, -åp(p-); -(å,u)kka    <suff>    ADJECTIVAL or ESSIVE (= -kwb/-kô/-quin, -nda(r)/-ndi(r) ) suffix
(h)Vd-, (s)an-, V(t)-riohh-; hrV:buhh-    <v>    to breathe
-(â)da/-(d)an; -(z)ī/-(i,w)ns/-ish-; -W:L/-k,m,thål; -(l)ba/-bu/-(I)(M)B; -(K)IM/-(R)IM/-u(m)b, -(n)nå-k/-NTI(C) -(U)NNI, -(T)NI(C); -(mb)wr [OSax. (farū-t)-ar, Skr. (prā-t)-ar]    <suff>    ADVERB suffix
a(hi)ska-; kûthwk; tuld-(i/u/a)-    <adv>    a little, a bit
-(å)ik (~ -yw-), -s/-shV(m)/-(s)si(m)/-(a)ut [after -/sV/ : -ws, -ich, -phV], -ch(i) (-achi)    <suff>    DATIVE ~ ADESSIVE [rya(a)-, rô-nåk]
-åkk-, -wkk-    <v suff>    a possible suffix for turning Transitive Verb stems into REFLEXIVE verbs
akk-a/u-n(t)i, att-wndi, (C)ákh-; pa(a)d-uk, -ot    <n>    box, chest
-a/ik(kV), -a(w)kwa, -uok(i); -a/inwV; -shan / -(z)ud-; -ūg-/-ng-, -(kh)då/dî, -m(b)a/w    <suff>    PAST TENSE [Perfect Tense -ivunda/V : 11/2018]
-al ~ -u(o)l(a), -(a)ld(u); -k; -nt(a), -ånnV, -(s)si(p) / -a/e/ubith(a/i) ['-ly, -like' : b/f/s], -V(V)n(a) [C -ina, OSax. -l-īn], -i(nt); -isc, -ó- (-ålb); -(u)ngV    <suff>    ADJECTIVAL [qq. -li/-ni/-C>Ci "with-X, (s&s)..ed"]
al(Vd)n-ak, -wk; f/p/kunkhår; g/(h)n-issim, -utsim(b); emm-Vr, -ir    <adv, prep>    after, behind, trailing [#2: cp. etym. of It. ormare]
alz-, zang-/m(r)ang-alz-    <v>    to loom; to brood
-am, -(i,w)m(m)a ?= -i,wrm    <suff>    NOUN-FORMING SUFFIX? (: Est. ravim drug, medicine)
-ambi(-s, -l) / -u(tt)ang / -w(t)bi(m,n) / -im(b)u(3)ån (F; Gr. trof-imōn); -wdji/-ûzi, -å3ip; -unCar    <suff>    VERBAL NOUN & INFINITIVE
ambika/ambu(u)ka/i-, t(y)~; kith(y)w-l(C), -r    <n>    wave
-åmîn/l/g, -omîn/l/g    <suff>    ("part of sth" vs. diminutive)
Vmkuank(o), umbank(o), buonk-, uombVnk    <n>    butter
amp(-a(g), -u)    <n>    fellow, guy, man
ampåd/th; (aha,hlw)knium(b); mahluk(k-); (du-p-)pārik/kh    <n>    sheath; vulg. for woman?
ampar(i)    <n>    rule or rules (plurale tantum?)
anath(i)-; sagd- ~ sakkad,nt(y),th-; (k)ú(n)zath(i)-; (k,l,z)ushn-    <v>    to fit; make fit
a(n)djuo ~ udj-on, -ino    <n>    kingdom, area of dominion [elsewhere sankhil ]
ank(V)lo ~ hink-(V)lo, -wd    <n>    berry
-ankwV(n) / -(ap)pw:n-V / -âmak(-V) / -atis/-achis / -(V)kadra/-(V)kithra    <adj suff>    ORDINAL NUMBERS
anta(m)pu(i); inksw/a; påB-Vk-, -Vngal; ukh-, uf-alth-il, -ald-la    <n>    lake
ap(p)ank-/(C)ap(p)unk-    <v>    to stand, stay aright
ap(p)uk    <n>    standing or rigid object; tablet; (any equivalent of modern) card with writing
årtyV-p (-b-); mak(k)at; (su)kênV-t, -nk, sagan(t); m/nunkra; ruk(k)-Vnthe, -ônat    <n>    wall (inside a house)
ar(tV)p-; plwmb-; (fVl)udy/uty-; (s/t)ahhi-, yVcVd/th-; mel(C)-/mégil-    <v>    to lift, raise (also 'carry': #2, #4)
attask-, haβthask-    <v intr>    to smell (+like sth); fig. to seem
at(t)ip, okkwp, u(n)tåp    <prep>    against
(-V)thrawk-/(s,y)åthr-; hran(a)d-; miwsc/sg-    <v tr>    to pull, draw
bamar(Ci), banaC, bâCim; zi-; to(o)mwl; zuk(k)a-ndi, -nni    <n>    nature, character [vs. lauk(a), lammVk; pák(w)-o- < labak-, lambak-, labak(k)-]
bå(n)gal, bå(n)gl-V    <n>    danger, risk [for PGerm. fēra, F. vaara]
bênV(n)ks-; mank(h)-/mîk(an,ut)-; sêgwn-; h/kaning-    <v>    to find, uncover, discover
bingiâra (r/dh) / thand-(h)awra, -u(u)bim/agim(C)    <n>    large district
blêvåk, blêma-, bolåm    <adv, prep>    without, except for, not counting
blîm(a,on) / blûna    <n>    authority, permittance
-bo, -BåC; -iš/-wš; -IK/-U(L)K/-(y,ʒ)V(C)k; -da(C), -u/at(tV), -V:ji    <suff>    SINGLE ACTION NOUN [cf. Catalan -V+Stop Cns; -vi; conat; OSax. -Vst, F. tien-esti; (#3, #4) Est. tul-ek, OEngl. -ac]
branath, brozib, brong(V)-za(a)d, -zâni    <n>    'flora'
fr-, dj-an-(g)wi, -(kh)ip, djangV:f(i); h/kazil-; hlu(ku)ntha-; (s)ikwaf / songraf; drwth-k-ib; zalkVng / nål(a)th-ång    <adv>    outside, in(to) open air [= CrâBåt; nîkVn(d), nêzis(h) ]
brêgor, brVg(n)ar    <n>    coin, piece of silver etc.
brêla/lu(n/r); b/wandri; kêtV(n); pi/pwn(d)wng-    <n>    dawn, morning
bremb-, e/i/a    <v>    to walk about, wander (not stray)
br/prwng(dV)l-, k/gVrl-, (chVn/mVn)trVngl-Vmm-, -and(y)-, -ant(y)-    <n>    sound of deep sea; piano-like note(s)
buld-i, -u    <adv>    somewhat or very
bwng-(th,z)aynåt, -(z)wtha(l), -Vthib/n    <n>    shoe (made using tree-bark, i.e. adak ?)
buny-/bunuhh-, bVny- [b-, g-, t-?]    <v>    to be standing, stay upright
b/p/thuol-at, -its-, b/p/thol(V)t    <n>    family, kindred
chal(d,t)-, chwl(d,t)-    <v>    to get going, leave
chámak, chômak    <n>    shoe
chagu(u)r, che(n)går    <adj>    ready
chåbbond-; djing-/djung(Vb)-; (tu)gral(l)-    <v>    to seek, search for [alt. with frequentative extension -Vmph(r)-, -Vntl-, -Vny(u)-]
chån(kå)t(h)-; k/zûralg- / h/zå(t)ragli; u(th)-knårg/k-; e/iskônag/k; kamywp; dVtûra    <n>    winter
chawk/t, chô3ad/ud    <adv>    still, yet, (once) more
chi(i)ba-k(i), chwhots-, chahit(s)-    <n>    leaf
chôn-ab/-ub, cha(m)bal(t)    <n>    slice (of meat, etc.)
chwnd-, cha-k(k)Vnd-; ippw(t)hl-; kadrVkk-    <v>    to walk
chúbwr    <n>    realm, kingdom
dā(Ca,Cu)l-; iulo(n); (y)óvak/(y)omakk-    <n>    size
dai/daw-raph-, d(i)wr-g/dj-, dunt-/dut(t)-årk-; (p,t)rån(a,i)k-    <v>    to tell = narrate
danyåb, danyåk; måsho(n)k(a), mêchåk    <n>    spruce, fir
dat(t)w(t); yór-ak, -uk    <n>    wall
dazVnt, dwzVnt; ka(a)thVk; tômi(k), têgåt; bôr(a); nug-/nukk-wts    <n>    (front-)yard
dlabant, nulbant; gåd(d)uk, guídyV(C); f/panu-th/ts-    <n>    page in a book
dlwdmung-, hlådmung-    <v tr>    to cook (in water), boil
(d)(o)råph; (C)ongVss-; hrār-    <adv>    too, excessively
dV:-, zV:-torg-, -jirg-    <v>    to clean vs. to attach [= ikkånj-, (hut)tånj-]
drVlg-, CV(C)-    <v tr>    to listen to, hearken to
dralt(V-) / draph-al, -wnga/u    <n>    valuable item, (piece of) treasure, precious possession
d(r)-, gr-as(s)ar- (r/d/l)    <adj>    old, worn vs. empty [neutral 'old' = pordål; (C)ûmik; (jV,zw)rangi ]
drîgu, drôgu    <n>    side (area)?
dronz-, tronz- [vs. hr-]    <v>    to play
dross-a, -u (ss/tt)    <n>    sign, mark, indication
drozal, hrozVl; ch/tsundi    <adv, prep>    above, over
drêw-β/n-ak; ph/zêr-ak, -app-; hyón-at, -ut; mikkart    <n>    island
dundå, dun(V)t, dôgunt; (h,th)ipra(i,p); ok(k)al-(C)    <prep>    until, up to, as far as
dVnk-Vmb-    <v>    to watch, monitor, keep looking at
dunt-wr, -ab/-ub    <n>    iron
duost(r)-, t(h)aist(C)-    <v>    to make, fashion or compose
edli, ithVl; farik/fêrik    <n>    prick, small spike, (pine-)needle
êlut; komblud; yakk-id,-ir; djaukwnd/nt; kar(a)b(aik,uok); ukr-w, -ån(u)    <prep/ppos>    under, beneath
eppVt, oppVt, obing(-a); (s)ênwng-; (hn)amp-a(k), -ik; pêCul, pwngw; ka/kun(d)hor    <n>    road, way, path [= (u)nêgu; tha/thwrûn; si-/(V)gn-att-ak, -ik]
êdar, êtar    <n>    ?? surface? facade?
êmåk, ómVk(k-) (< ônik-?)    <n>    throne
êzang-, (h)e(C)zang-    <v>    to wander, roam, stray
Vzdwl; da(a/C)rint    <adv>    more
fa(t)-, fê-tolg-; mak(k)Vt    <n>    roof
fVlwmb-V; b(u)luht-(r)V/-il(lå); b(u)lwdy-an(t), f(V)lwdy-an(t), -onk/t    <n>    ship, navis [= hVkVlt-, hVt(t)ank]
(f)ammak, (f)um(b)ak(i); om-/fô-ningw; ug(g)wt, uot, yuot    <n>    house [vs. baram- = home ?]
fårauk-, bu(o)rauk-, iôph-ramb-, siCand-    <v>    to be brave, to dare
fêd-u(o)l, -ur / mêduk    <n>    son, boy, youth
(f)eokk-, (f)u(nz)åhk-    <v>    be able to proceed, 'get'
fin-, fun-Vk, -ap, -åsk-/-åch-V    <n>    (thin-layered) shell, husk
fra(a)C-V, frwnnw, frânu(k)    <adj/n>    else, other, strange(r)
fralda, V~    <n>    mountainside
fram(b)a(k)    <n>    ditch, moat
frau-s, -t, -th, frâba; óp-ik, -uk    <n>    son; descendant
fr/prêd(a)- / cnw:d(a)-; giwrg/k-; hVb(bV)z-; t(wnth)alk-    <v>    to cross (= Sem. 9-b-r)
frent-, frVnåt-    <n>    harbourage, haven
frwnzur(th) ~ krassurt(h); magro-p, -th; fr/prágip(h)    <n>    torch
fûgal, fahånc    <adj>    lousy, poor, 'bad'
fung/funuc; brongw; attwng/(g)ottwng    <adj>    large, great
fun(n)-, fun(s,t)åmb-, (Ci,Cu)kum(b)l,n-    <v>    to think
gal(l..), h/kuthil, galví; kin(Vt)t-a/-ó; thâri-ch, -ts-    <n>    branch, twig
gantal- / rantal-    <v>    to appease, pacify; to present oneself amicably
gåsmir/gusmwC; fil(om)bu; (h)wttirmå, at(V)nir, hådoht(Vr); thVvôn(a); d(l)óppåk    <n>    shore, beach
gassi-, gatti(n); hnwt(t)-a, -or    <n>    externality, superficiality
gerd(y)-, gård(y)-, ma/mi..; maz(a)g-    <v>    to bite, chew on; to eat
-(g)i(id)/-udri, -(a)gám/n/b, -kat/-ggw/-gol, -yub(u,a), -m/th(u)o, -ndVp    <suff>    NOMEN AGENTIS / ANIMAL SPECIES
gi-dålk- ~ gu-ndal-b(i), -t, -gi-, -z(V-k); glattwnd-; glV(n)thånya; gundunt(-Vs)    <n>    garden [= g(r)inaph/pp-; dabal-kVn(t), -thon; ogdol- ?]
gilz-an, -wb, (g)wlthån(t); kådj/ts(-ar); th/chandws-s-i    <adj>    necessary
gim-, gin-tål; gramki; drubaur / dru(a)g-or, -Vm-    <adv>    up ahead, in front; "there" ['in front of' = k/pin(d)wt(h), rû(+suff?)]
-gVn(t)/-yVn(t); -(r)ik(k-)/-(s,th)ak; -(w)wå-/-wVn/-(w)nt; -(p)pw/-(n)dup, -(n)dip    <suff>    INSTRUMENTAL [~ prep. yôb; brål; khVb/kåt(h)(ob)/k(i)ådh; zāni; t(h)ewnc; dobåm/nebåm]
gint-, Vggint-; mel(lag)-; (g)l-/h(y)-ath(a)r-    <v>    to happen, be going on, occur
giss-o, -u [ss vs. šš]    <n>    sand [vs. gV-, gi-ssab = a load]
githwr-un(g)t-îb; hram(b)-za(l)/zolbunkur; frastVng(ya)-zawk/l    <n>    toil, great effort, troubling of oneself (-un(g)t- [?= -unk-] 'middle voice' or reflexive marker)
gius(C)o/a, ga(ti)wb-; (Ca)pluok-; Vmra(na)nk, brank-; fonn-VC/-Vng; h/kVlzu    <conj>    also, furthermore
gíza(b), (n)i(g)nåb; hussund; grum(b)la/li; sVrtha/târwnt(h-); tômuk    <adv>    together
gīzod/g-; kund(ra), kun(d)Vk/t; che/cho:måk/g-; a(th)kVb-; yanzV(l)/yawzí(m,n)    <n>    table (furniture) [= (k)hiwtt-u, -o; hlab-awn, -aic ?]
(g)lamm-i,u, kimbd-a,V, nyå-kam/-t(am), ådyok, kappV(m), (y)uttap, (un)nawp    <pn, adj>    each, every
glêg-Vt, -ws(C), glethVp; zikk-i, -al-, ziss-åC (< *zīg-Vs/Vz)    <n>    tunic
gluth-bV; nuzalk(V)    <n>    winter?
gōn, guon(t-)    <adj>    high, being on high [cp. guont / gawn(s)idj/zz-; pêdjVl- = animal; ?a species]
gōr-, guor-    <n>    wall (inside a house)
gr-, hn-az-ir, -unku(s); mra(k)kwts-; rwg(u)l-    <n>    skull
grwh(h)il, gruhwl(d-) [< *kVn(d)ô-kh-, -j-, *iklú(u)th+'l- if native]    <n>    beginning, start
(g)uonjar; isparthV; mub(b)ankV/u; a/wgd-i/ô-nwr, (h)uth(a)ni/onc, u(u)thåndVs(C); (th)êr-åp, -wp; f/thênab/fa(C)banc ~ Vskênab; (h)Vskit(h)-(V)r-; yV(m)bås'hVp/t    <n>    forest
guemb-V(n), -o; gi/gadots(a); nagås(t) ~ nang-Vch, -Vdj    <prep>    beyond, behind, at the back of [vs. mwn-ag, -ig, if this is not a 1L word]
(g)wzir; (gå)t(s)ônak    <n>    province
hánad; bemmuk/g-; tâkab, t/ga(pha)m    <n>    ground, harder earth [~ mink(a/w)li; m/kun(d)ra; uk(k)Vd/z-; (th)eppak soil]
ha(a)p- ~ kiopp-    <v>    to take and carry, transport [whereas 'carry or wear' = h/num(b)r-; ulg/k-; (e,i,u)stål-]
hárot(t-) [o/i]; pa(a)hin(da)    <n>    shore, beach
harnang; (C)åthrinya    <n>    cliff, precipice
harthwk/g-, karthwk/g-; midlwts-    <n>    pine, pine-tree
hikkwl(i,y)-    <v>    to throw, cast
h(i)rank, hrenk, -Vt; thorot, thûrot    <n>    side, flank
hratt-i/ulap, -Vlbar, -V:nak; upår-kittV/-ki(s)t; yêtwl; húnak/hánuk, hankrod/t; h/gizzank / mizång(V); trakkwrt(a,i)    <n>    (set-up) defense, encampment [#-Vld-, -amb- verb-forming suffixes]
hê/hô-gimb-; kas/kath-l,rwmb-; nam(b)råg(g)-    <v>    com-edere
hil-d/th-år; chadwts-; sak(k)Vts-; mîkVts-; nor(V)n(d)ab; (t)h(V)nangi; (ku)dupp-V-; tån(d)uk(k-); ôthV(n)d ~ kuthandi    <n>    forest
hiwnsa    <n>    belly, stomach; inside, interior
hon(â)t-ar, -ur; kâmur; hramma/ó    <n>    vapour, gas
h(iå)romb-a, -i; (g/d)uokko    <n>    basket
h(w)otton(g); kn/hnamb(k)i; (t)urro-nt, -nk; êgVrt; (hl,hn)itswng; b/minak(kit), monåch, mVndji    <n>    door
hl-, kn-, pn-á(m)Bu-kī, -ttw, Vslō-ga(t), -βot(hV); minask- (+ abstract noun suffix)    <n>    weakness, flaccidity, etc. [OEng. hlēwsa, Finn. löys-]
hlwmma, hlon(y)at; (ku)chûra(n-); naw(an)du, nad(z)yo-hh/(C)k/ng-    <n>    wing, pinion
hlon(t)V-k(k)/g-, hlakkó    <n>    windable time-piece, clock
(h)lwp(p)-awm-, -ûm-i(n), hlup(p)un-t, -k(a,i)    <adj>    white
hlwngri, lyômir    <n>    ship
(k)luntål-; (im)brang-    <v tr>    to pass (move, walk..) by sth, 'overtake'
hna-, dla-nothwp, -kkotha/o; toldnuk-; chammwp(h); nêdw(C)gat; mu(d)zVng-a, -i-; hr/k/dVbnung(i)    <adj>    ladder
hnêgal; (CV-)thåz-nuk, -lVn    <adj>    weak
hn&iring;k(C)- / hnuok- [+ fem. suff. or "masc." as in R-W la mano & sim.]    <n>    woman
hnissu(n), hnåssu(n)    <n>    well, pit
hr-, kr-enda, frenda, f-, th-(a)rwngi    <n>    window(-sill) [= uttush/s, udush-(o-)]; ?passage through, threshold, doorstep
hr-, hl-adit(h)-    <n>    any small slip of parchment or leaf (for or with writing)
(h)ranth-uk, -iska; (Vt)hnu(gå)ryak; hniârup; hnwnk-ut(sa), -Vthrå    <n>    boulder
hråz-; am(r)ank-/um(C)Vnk-; h/k-nVmb-; (CV)drely-    <v>    to lead
hrók-i, -u; k/(k)hund(i)lo; (C)i,ul(d)åp-, ka/kudalb-; tawrind-; prón-u(m), -ak    <n>    mountain
hrug-wnd, -Vnt, t(h)r..    <n>    synonym for head; qq. = 'weather'? (= t.alquud- > tilgud/t = theola/lu, faldw [< *pVdall-, pā-lud.l-au ?])
hwd(d)unc ~ t(h)w(r)dunc; hat(t)ip    <n>    power, power-charge [vs. "strength" or authority = k/mundri; brall-u, -o]
h/kuld-wr, -ri, -wnk; mâbwk(k-); (CV)pultha/e; (tnum)blik(w)ossa    <n>    synonyms for the sea
hunzur; pám(b)ik; lutal(C-)    <n>    age
(h)uran(C-) [< *-u(u)-rVn/-rōn-]; djår(it), djiur-    <n>    calling, name [preld/C-, priå/uld- to call]
huzzul(C)-, huth-k,n-; Vhham(b)-, ahm-    <v>    to suck, draw, pull in
h/kVst-ar ~ (la)kast-wr    <n>    help, assistance
-î(-); -thVr(C)u/-TUR-; -i/ongur/-uor(at); -(Vmb,Vnd)ra(p)/-ri(p)/-ot; -(k,n)imbu-, -(k,n)umb- (-buk/-(û)ban) [SCr. -ota; Frl. gris-um (-b-ui), Hbr. -ym, Skr. -iman]    <suff>    ABSTRACT NOUN [cp. Skr. *bhāsvar "brilliance"]; qq. -(C)Vlba/u / -(CV)qua(n) / -n/s/yawka / -Vrrak, -mak ['-ness, being X-y']
ib-yo(ntu)l-, ib-yodd(Vb-), ib-(wn)tan-    <v>    to wake up
ičči-, iččawC-; kī-old-    <v>    to shine
-ida, -(z)w:d(a), -w:ti-; -(i-)m(b)å; -dawr/-dur, -ra/-(l)î-/-(r)î- [OSax. un-stilli]    <suff>    ABSTRACT or ACTION NOUN [~ -(u)ndi = place or concept (of X-ing) / target/product of X-ing? (Cat, OIc; F -nte-?)]
iguat, igbat, â-/i(i)-kumba    <n>    price, value (= kit(t)ång, kut(t)ång; yali(h-))
ik(k)-; g/mizwph-    <v>    to gulp, drink
i-, u-ksimma, -kswmma, -kswntha; mâph-ak, -wk    <n>    piece of furniture
ilim ~ kin-im, -am    <n>    cause, reason vs. foundation, bottom, base level
ilt-ar, -ur; menclV    <n/adj>    height/high (tall)
-(i)mba(n)/-(a)m(byV)/-ab(b-V); -awr/-w,yål    <suff>    PAST PARTICIPLE
imb(un)d-; nongi/y-    <n>    to attempt, try
img-    <v>    to grab
font color="Black">-ink(V?) / -(Vn)ni    <suff>    suffix appearing in names of flying animals
inkor, hrånk-or, -at(h)    <n>    helmet
-i,wnt-, -īt    <suff>    (#2 appears in Hbr, Est, etc.)
(i)om-b/p-, (ka/la)umb-    <v intr>    to stay, remain, keep, stick [<< MDu. omme]
i(e)o-nunth-, gV-nunth-    <v>    to demand
ior-, giur-; -b/môlig/t    <pref>    PRIVATIVE [?~ prep. bagand, bagi(n)t, baku(o)t; le/lombr-a/i; mi/mêkus without]
i(åC)-, hlion-, kaw(i)n-, pVon-zarb-, -zarg-    <v tr>    to dominate
ip(p)-; kanz(i)-/hrV(ga)nzi-    <v>    to move forward, 'walk', 'go'
-irumb-, -Vl(k)sumb-    <v suff>    an "extension" for deriving verbs implying frequentative behaviour
i-/(t)V-sken(d)r- [e/V]    <v>    to believe, have faith
issår(u)- ~ wtsar(u)-, tro(son)g-(u)spaks-; zîak-/zêgu(t)-(uh)twks-    <n>    campfire
ist-ol(C), -ul(C)    <n>    toiling, pains, effort, all the amount of work
it(tV)r(d)ol; h/kênar; uzzid-(u,ab); imp(h)ar; mindrak    <n>    shape, form
ittôd-u, -i; (y)Vksunna    <n>    fish
ithor/(g)itsor, athVron    <n>    connection, relationship
i(C)-, (a)w-twlg-, -sålg-    <v intr>    to become rigid, unmoving, freeze [= hnarg(or,y)-, hwnårg/rth-]
-i/wzd(a)-; -(a)lgi/V-; -(a,u)m(b)åg-/-ummi-; bår    <v suff/ptcl>    FUTURE TENSE
djånk(h)V-; ip(p)ont/nk; gwz(zu)mal; ikhådj-/(u)huddi-; zólu, zal-ba, -(a)k-, zunkur/zandra(t)    <n>    tree [= dja(w)nar(t); (C)uššån(C)- ] : chVkk-a(dn)w, -iwnåc, ikhassunt(ra-), p/kun(u)twrrak - any ptc. kinds?
djankal, djingyal    <n>    (one's) chief, lord, 'boss'
djār, djuo-p, -Cang; telgw; hn/kna(a)thi; pra-h/t-yål, -ail; (V)k/h/m-mîrwg; Vppanc; ny-/m-azzi/a-    <prep>    toward(s)
djêbar    <n>    panic, horror
djê-, i(a,w)z-dukk-V    <adj>    dangerous, risky
djênac/g; puolz-ib; (y/m)Vngro-ldi    <adv/adj>    much, many
djing-    <v>    to intend; to mean
-dj(a)wr, -djar, -djêr; -âshw(g,l)    <elem>    a "determinative" (derivational element) for various substances or materials (from adjectives etc.)
djw:ma-    <n>    head [= mVngyå]; mind; mindfulness
djumand-; (k/h)u-st-a(m)b-/-u(m)b-    <v>    to read
djVn(d)ar; n/ping(rV,Vr); kl#234;g/mw; fal-(i)t, -ôtha/flatt-V, -awm/-Vmik, -Vbra(C); ma/ming(h)iu    <n>    settlement, town (#1: vs. mountain)
dju(:y)ång-    <adv, adj>    high up = adj stem. 'high'
-k- (-(r,s)uo(n)k-, -(r)iwk(k)-), -(i)m(bk,pr)-, -eopp-    <v suff>    CAUSATIVE
k(a)-/sa-napp-    <n>    paying, payment; price
kaban / g/nadap    <num>    ten (10)
kabr-ant ~ -ankhi/thi ~ kadw(b)-th-rwggi, -rångi; mínak(k-); båthwl(g), bwttw, -l(i)    <n>    jewel, gemstone
kaf(-i-, -fVhh-); yund(u)l(g)-; pr(V)urogg-    <v>    to rain
kansal, t(h)wnzal, kunzal; dômVk(a,i)    <adj>    late
k(V)nåst-or, kanamp-, minkåst(V), pan(ak)kVnda-s, kanthin/wn-drak/g, -zol, kassundw/nda    <n>    descendant; heir [= thamb-ak, -an(d)?]
kappa(n-?) / nVråppu(t); d/l/hirak    <n>    item, vessel
karal(l)-åk, -i    <n>    ???
k(l)/tarint(h)-    <v>    to put, place
kattårc, kattus/t, kass-iC, -ot(hV)    <adj>    mane; (fire-like) aura, (hair-like) radiance
[ kenkol-    <n>    evidence, proof, documentation (not OIr.t. word?) ]
kentlo(n), hi-, thw-(g)u/intlo(n)    <n>    ring (metallic piece of jewellery)
kêthar, kw:thar    <n>    line, line-up; list
kid-ir, -Vr, kawth-(u)gi    <n>    message
kild-    <v>    to notify, let know, inform, announce
kilga; dr/tro-hal, -val; (g)ua-tal/n, -tti-    <adj>    other, another, second
kilz- / (VC)kwlz-; dlV(b)bu(o)rk-    <v>    to arrive; to reach (+prep?); to dawn
king(h,r)-/kink-w/i-; krudyång-; tarh/kwnd-; rVhhåb-ki/kud/dh-; e/iulingi-/(C)i/angwol(d)(i)-    <v>    to travel [the final one inspired by O.E. eolet "(?sea-)journey"]
kithVn/m, (g)wchal, zagVp/uz(z)wp, hrat(h), gu(u)vå(k), un(g)yå-, (-)t(h)ål, (u)t-wr, -ir/otar, kipp-/k(h)imb-a, hrw(o)ng, (k)au(l,t), kåna(t) ~ hnåk    <rel pn>    which, that (which)
kiumin-, kiumbo(-C), Vkkuom(ak)    <adv/prep>    in a manner (of..) ?
ki(yy)wndló / tliwnk- / fVngló pa(n)duhtV; hlunzí    <n>    river
ki/kwsaktur, kwtsur; (uh)twks, uspaks-, (m)app(h)aks-; hru(fa)zzVr    <n>    fire, flames
ki-stuk(k)-; (ty/hyVr)manz(i)-    <v>    to begin, start
(k)ī-tålg(i)-; (t)hlank(i)-    <v tr>    to bury
kith(Vn)nå; (l)ózid; kån-ar, -ir; djung-; za(a)bV-; faldok; thar-i/w-nda +Gen.    <adv/prep>    next to, beside
klamal-(C-), tumalg-    <n>    ladder or step
klaubwnC(i)- [kl/gl/gr/kr]    <v>    to shelter or to close around
klVmb/mm-V, ?kånamm-    <adj>    wet, dripping
klema/wnda-, klVp(p)i/wnda-    <n>    village
klwnglut    <n>    mug, jar (of glass)
klw(m)-mwnd(r)-, -bånd(r)-a/-i (kl ~ gr)    <n>    hunger, being famished
kóbi; kwnk(u)w; ittón/istan(u,t)    <adj>    empty
kónid, kênåt, kînwb/t    <adv>    much; very
krashil-, kranda/u-    <n>    mid-, between
krend-, krond-; zîrab(C)-    <v>    set/put/lay down, lower [ =/ intr. sin(y)ult-]
krôbal [b/n/d]    <adj>    outside-(being), outdoors-
krum-; awk/pund-; y/håth(a)k-; nVz(i)l-; bVh(i)r/n-    <v>    must, should
krwnki-; futrak, fukhwndrak    <n>    shed, shack
ku(hu)nth-å/i, kanth-a(C)/-i(C), ku(m)bwntó, peun(ap)/ponk(w)/kaphank/iffw(na)k, uk(k)V-t, -d-    <n>    (working-)tool, instrument [= pîr(ab); (g)Vrz-ut, -at]
ku-/go-nt(i)ló/kinda/kinthå; wp/ba(n)k(-u, -w-); tel(u)m(b)Vr; hrånnw-; zák-ip, -it    <n>    journey; path
kumb-a(n?), -åt-; zuppånt-; dreol(k), adral-(l)(i)    <n>    bottom (level); root
kwn-, krwn(d)-rattV; makkwtra    <n>    bed
kundVg-; rof(u,a)g/kh- [metath. << kh/ʔ-ph-r (= ʔ-k.-th)]; thVbVg/kk-, (w)masbak-y-; nV3bråt-    <v tr>    to write
(k)wstok(ku); p/fênak; k/tôzak; mundra    <n>    ice
(k)uthiå(C), kun(u)thawb(a); âmap, mappwt, manku(l-)    <n>    bread
k/guth(o)l-(l)Vsp, -wåd(i)uk    <n>    banner, flag
labar-y-, -s-    <v>    to surprise
lakmo, nêk(V)m(b)o; póthank/ng    <n>    city, town
la(a)mwk, lambku/i    <n>    end, i.t.s. destination
-ldu, -mbwk, -zôl    <n suff>    AUGMENTATIVE
-lón(C), -lwn(k,t); -(i/u)mbu, -l/-r    <suff>    a possibly existing COMITATIVE case
lontha, C-lwntha, -lwnza    <n>    bag
lottåry-; namb-, numb-    <v>    to cause
lyatna(n)g-, lyag(V)d-, lyakkå(n)d-    <v>    to drink
mabal- : mV-mbl(i)-    <v>    to solve, decide; to choose
mâvak, maok, m-/wgn-/plVn-    <n>    ?glass (substance)
ma(C)baugi, makaul(C)i    <adj>    fine, fancy, gorgeous
mâ-bi(s), -di(s), -li(s), maha(ldV) (h/v)    <n>    home ~ habitation
mafak(ya), mafkim, mikup(p-)    <n>    form, shape, pattern
magir-, ma3ir-; nu/natol(C)-    <v>    to hide (tr. or both senses)
mah-ar, -ir; (ô)hån, okkån(t)    <n>    quality, manner [related to root M-KH-R vs. KH-R-T ?to advance ?]
mahat-i-    <v>    to inspect, go over, check
mVhh-i/w-r(t), e/ihminkå, dónug/k, i/wnthob, ambålk/embilk, b/fra(u)ng-a, nått-orda, -irda, niomb/naumb    <prep>    for sake of ~ on behalf of [cf. Old Dutch dor, et al.]
(ma-, mu-) hi(e)rb- (h/tt)    <v>    to request, ask
-(m)åk/-måš/-(b)êr/-(b)wr, [Prolative =] -di (-δi)/(n)-d(a,ui)-/-å(n)d/t    <suff>    LOCATIVE [Temp: -rak/-(n)ku/-(a,w)lg, -(g)ab/-(g)i(w)p, -(D)IR/-din/-(u)ndV, k/hizal, (C)rôgim "at = during"]
mal(lV)g, mats-al-b, -un, -wnk(V); fw:da(sk-)    <n>    rope
manaht-, manakk-, mang-y-    <v>    to squeeze
mand-, mankVb-, munkan(C)-    <v>    to fall or drop ['to drop' = gondr-/kVntr-/hnVmbr-]
mangri ~ mVngor; pullôsh, pwlt(h)wd(-ank) [< pV-lh-wd/dh]    <n>    sea, large lake [-(m)ank augmentative suffix]
mapp-; ma-, (y)wk-kôd(i)-    <v tr>    to shelter, protect [(?vs.) prep. mop, mawp inside, within]
mārwp, marhwp, m/p/t    <adv>    right away, now
*mass-u, -iC(Cu), (tVhk-u-)mbas- (< am(a)z-u-)    <n>    hole (in the ground)
mawbri; tån(yan)ku    <n>    look, expression, face
maz(a)b-    <n>    to lead; carry (with purpose, away)
-mb-as(sa,su), -(mb-)ithå:; -(a)nci/u; -åmbi, -umba; -uot, -(u)trV    <suff>    VERBAL NOUN [Cat. abstr. -(o)bi]
m(e,i)olp-    <v>    to contact or be in contact with, interact with, have dealings with vs. to connect with
mêp ~ mêba : mêb(i)-, muob-    <n : v>    hearing : to hear
mêb-ath, -uo(s); zâki; pe(e)t; y-, d-åss-a, -wr    <n>    side (#1 : vs. "demand"? vtr. mêβ- ?)
mêd(-a, -Vsh, -Vsk)    <n>    man, male [F mieh(e)-, Tib mī, etc.]
font color="Black">mêgil(C)-    <v>    to stand in the way; to be in defense of sth (intransitive)
migam; hrVnt-; (t)huldVk    <n>    chip, splinter
mi(w)hh-    <v>    to explain, clarify
milg(å), minnag/k    <prep>    around; all around
miluk(k-), midak(k-)    <n>    earth; the world [= (t)hêm-åk, -onk, -ont a world]
mi(i)nang-; uss-Vg/V(r)d    <n>    grass
mi-, ma-nkåd(di)-, mik(k,y)åss- / mindw-, minda(nC)-; ta(m)b-/ti(m)b-; (Vng)udy-    <v / n>    to sail / (#1) a sail
mink-ots, -åst    <n>    mug, cup
mVnnoch(i)-, ke(o)nnoch(i)-    <v>    to say yes, agree
mirb-; (a)dhak-/za(a)k-; (Vn)gwtt-, (y)attu(n)k-    <v tr>    to close, shut
mir(i)kh-(C-) (m/b!)    <v>    to make haste, hurry
m(V)rassi, (a)mrassi; prê(k)hVs-; yat(t)a/u-n(d), -r    <prep>    between
mi(ng)zå(w)r    <prep>    like, the way that, same way that
miwnc, mVngo, bå(y)uk; hn/knass(-V-); pwngVr/Vs, domb-å; nald-a,u    <prep>    through, via
mi(gå)rt(h)-, &c.    <v>    to pass through or by
-mmi/-(m)blV; -(V)yâra, -(V)yâli; -(l)int/-(t)ti(o)/-A(:,N)T-UL, -zí/-(i)(s)sa,ú; -kal/-(w)lg(i)/-wlk; -(n)âr/-(n)Vr    <suff>    NOMEN AGENTIS [vs. -y/C-ån(k)- : OGerm. -iand, Cat. -ià(n-)]
môbVk    <n>    track, rut, carraria
mo(ttw)gli, mag-li, -los    <n>    order of behaviour, rule
mwk(k)-on(t), -int    <n>    ear, hearing?
molb-, mol(C)umb-; mîrwb-CVC-    <v>    to be outside, in the open air; ?(fig.) to be out of the know
(-)mral-(i)k, -Vk; kessan(k) / kithank    <adj>    own, personal, unique ['a person, individual' = hêmVng(i) / ming(w)êz-; wdd(e)åk]
mundor, mVndwr    <n>    stripe
mungli- / mu(o)nkoli- / muzangl(i)-; hlinz-; yar(thaw)t-; zVk(k)ith-; (h)untimb-/(t)Vngumb-; (n)Vksålb-    <v>    to encounter, meet
mup(p)-, muppi-    <v tr>    to interrupt
mwz(V)l(d)-, mwtl-    <v>    to drop
namab, nambi/u, nêma-b, -k    <n>    yard, courtyard
namba(n-), numbu(n-)    <n>    tongue; speech [~ thona-C; t(h)amil(C)-i/-(k)a, -åi(C), -må/-ām, -(w)th(i) ]
(h,k)nåst-wmba, -imba; (m)iksVhtu; k/tånhukrwt(tw)    <n>    tome, book
-(n)(a)(ʒ)î/-(β)(a)ns (-lan, -ʒån); -(i,w)rda*/-ldi/-(r)uon*/-rau; -β/y-a-k; -(β)is, -b(i)(k)    <suff>    ABLATIVE [whose abridgment = ACC? vs. -(d)u, -(g)i, -(u)r]; = prep. hnåk/nan(V)k/smank, (h)nô(l)/-ia-, nes(V)p, knår/k(n)V(V)s || * accid. sim. to Gothic -rô (for one)
nē-ia/-iu; krand(u,uC,aC); (V)smalk(a); prā-n/z-Vk    <n>    spatium, intervallum
nêmak/g-    <n>    phrase, sentence
niV-/nol-/nuo-rantha / -runtha; m/yazzwnk/ng    <n>    riddle, dilemma, puzzle
nil(b,C)-, nuhVl(b,C)-    <v>    to bring about, create [that which came subconsciously can stay for now]
nirn; trohVp (+unit/dim. suffix?)    <n>    script (#1) vs. mark = 'letter'
nottå-l-; sub(u)n-/suban-    <n>    porch; yard, front-yard
nu(ʒ)Vr-, kibVn-få(å)ty-, -teonc-; sa(ba)lming- ~ t(h)a(i)lmiht-    <v>    to benefit, gain (for oneself)
nuond-, nakkVnd/nt-; utiurr(Vmb)-    <v>    to become cold [adj. syn. okkil-, bam(m)wz-, hanVdj-]
-n-(d)yå-, -n-dwg(g)(V)-, -n-drål(C)-; -mbåir-; -(y)wthri- / -ucchi-    <v suff>    CONDITIONAL ('would') — takes place of any (possibly nasal..) Infinitive suffix
óbak(k-?), ôbik; ant-ål- (-il-)    <n>    image, scene
ogrí(-C), n(u)ogrV-; rwt(ta)sang, racchó; dj-/ch-wn-år, -ull-; prand-rí/-rw(t)    <n>    seat, chair
w(st)djenkut; ka/kistlunk; i/ustyâlik(s-); passi/ó (< -θs-), pattwsk; (th)å-b/f/s-sånk    <n>    sword
omb(h)- / pūm-; (n/twk-)(k/h)inz-, i/w    <v tr>    to guard, keep an eye on [brommi ~ grongi = an eye]
ombkrV    <n>    watcher or father
ondka-fó -st/th/z-ló; zikhi(d,l)-unagli; kaw/kath-nagli; za(n)d-azu-hna(w)l    <n>    mirror (#1 with ?"a piece of furniture" vs. other type of noun suffix; #4 = "looking-n+Dat-?surface")
onglwr(-drVk); (-V-)t(h)alzwrg/k    <n>    wain, wagon, carriage
on(V)khu-, onåhha-    <n>    beam (wooden) ['wood' = f/kånasp-; k/hittwk/g-]
onki-/âki/puonkV-; yarag-; ne(3)ul-; brōl; t(r)ôramba [cpv? slat?]    <adj>    long; tall
(C)ô-twlg(i)-    <v>    to rule, govern
o(o)thib-, ottVph-, (s)ochib-    <n>    tower
pā- (~ fuʒā-), p/fu(o)ng/nk-Vnt; dr(V)and/nt; ú(B)ång; niub/mawb; seob/thåbak; kod-Vr, -Vng; labat; at(ta)lg; sånd/nt    <prep>    (together) with, along with ["at the place of, in the presence of" = tr/franga, tr/franna(k) ]
palga, pa(a)lag-, pêlac    <n>    tongue
pan(â)d-Vk, -ut, pVnad-jak/-jVth    <n>    moment, occasion, instance
[panag/3, panakk-    <adj>    heavy]
pan(yV)d, pinV(n)d    <n>    foot (animal foot, paw?) vs. free, untamed, wild
pandwt/pundut; f&arng;ruthVnk; nankandeo; mungli/ló; (t)rålg-u    <n>    room, chamber
pang-li; gi(th)thang    <n>    emptiness
parp-    <v>    to meet again; to rejoin the company of (?each other) [reflexive verb = +p ? a contraction from *parrV(C)p- / pi(o)-ar..- ?]
pastwr(i), pazadur, patsudrV    <n>    throne
pav(v)ang / pånwå-k (-g-); gunz(V-), (g)uzza-k, -ng    <n>    bridge
paz(a)l- ~ foz(i)l-, fotl-V; (a)zapp-u    <n>    side, division (qq. 'half'?)
pelda, peltha; mw(:)zar; (i)m(b)råg(-u)    <n>    colour
pik(k)-/pak(k)-, pâyuk-/pan(d)yuk-    <v>    to live vs. to dwell
pêlwnc/ng; hnattVs(C/i-)    <adj>    broken, out of order
pînap; pîtul    <n>    part, division
pird-, purd-    <v>    to hit or strike
plang-V, pul(d)nwk    <adj>    second, other
plwnd-    <adj>    decent?
pu / pi / pa (-Vpp-, -ipp-?)    <dem>    DEMONSTRATIVE or DEFINITE ARTICLE
pu(3)timb-; f/kurd-; (y)wdl-; zånd(y)-/zund(y)-    <v>    to look at
puldw(w)k/g-; wkhsawt-; êg(n); hîfi    <adj>    silent, quiet
pwnV-k, -hh-V; ussak/ik(ó,u)    <n>    (single) stone, rock
prâlwt; kûph-Vn, -na(k,ng)    <n>    wall (outside), defense [the wall-walk being called pun(n)Vrt-]
prâm-on, -Vng (etc.)    <n>    music vs. vibration
pra-n(dC)-, -mb- / fra-n(dC)-, -mb-    <v>    to keep, store
pranna, prânåt, parn-    <n>    field (e.g. of battle)
(p)raz-, (t)råz-    <v/adj root>    L. semel ~ F. erä-
prôn-, pruon(C)-    <v>    to store, keep in store
p(wt)romb-    <v>    to move house (intr); ?to make move vs. ?to change, alter (tr)
pûkhar(a-) / bûkhur(a-) / bukhår-d(o-), -gån(t)    <adj>    awful, frightful
pu-, pô-lur, puol    <n>    label, nickname, (MnEng) 'term'
pwmwl(lV)    <n>    border, -line
punn(a)-u, -i; klum(b-); t(h)ínw(n)k    <pn>    (my-, your-, etc.) self (#1 < pum(u)n-)
pwrm-: pôrum-, pwrrum(-ô), -u(r)    <stem: n>    thunder
pumund-, ch-, s-(au)mund-    <v>    to farm; to cultivate
pund-lo ~ -ri; (CV)krad-    <n>    intention, intent
pun(da)t-, rápunt; póma-r; rund-iph/aph; knuhhå(t); zêmab/k-; minc(a)-li, -ri    <n>    sun, sun-light ['light' = i/ajjwk], day [= ilg(w); eguang(u); rutnw; ka/kêva(k); mig(y)-, me(V)kw-a(t) < *mi(i)kh-]
(p)u(n)-kwayr, -kwad-, -kiwd-    <n>    heart
pûra(l); k/ha(n)z-ig, -uo    <n>    dream = vision
radak(h)/ng-; (hu)chanda; ûl(a,u)k-    <stem>    nearby, near, close by
râdur, râthur    <adj>    calm, peaceful
-råk   <suff>    TRANSLATIVE (also verb infinitive = Est. -ma)
ra(Ci)lg-/ralk-; uthl(i)-/uthn(i)-    <v>    to smile or grin
rum(u)b- / pram(a)b-, (Ca)prand-    <n/v stem>    sport, game; to play
rama-t(h), -d, rêmat(h), ronnV-t(h)/-ts-/-ss-    <n>    (single) building
randra/i, rambra    <n>    world, entirety (in the largest sense)
rani- ~ rån(n)w-ch, -cc- [< r-n-ɬ?]    <n>    parchment
ra(ng)ug- (gr..), ro(th,z)ig-, ra/relg(ûg)-, V/CV-krunj- (u/i)    <v>    to shout, cry out
ranku(β/ʒ-), Cranku-    <n>    piece of furniture
råss-, råks-(u)ir-w    <n>    island
ratta(kw-,kis), d(a)rast(Vn), (d)rudVnk    <n>    north
råttol-k, -C [dr.. ?]; zu(u)nalt    <n>    threshold, brink
rathinda, (d-, t-)rossinda [šš?]    <n>    tale, legend
rêkhåd (rokhåd); yon(V)k-, yontha/thi; kô/kunang, kwtur; (th)årmin; magid/t; (h,k)abåz(zV)    <prep>    sitting on, atop (vs. k/tharf, thadwb = wearing)
rinål(t), grinkal; sêmar; (h)igVn-/(h)ogVn-    <n>    body (living)
rink(w)-; gr/thrûn-    <n>    to attach, fasten
rom(C)(ing)-    <v>    to treat, behave with
ron(C)- / hn/hruokka/in(C)-; manz-; saddwb-; (th)åsgw-dl/tl-; (m)(u)brVd(d)/b(b)-; ?kith(r)-    <v>    to bring (#1 < rat.an- / rut.un- / r-g/k.-n-)
rånn-wch, -ach    <n>    neck (at the back of head)
ront(a,i)/rónut; kr/hrint(ho); (m)ång    <n>    time or time-period [= (h)l/zárwp]
rontr/dr-, ruontr-    <v>    to pass (by), move forward (time); to develop
ró-pa(n), -pi    <n>    mind
rôz-i    <adj>    wide, extensive
rub-al, -ul    <n>    speed, quickness
runal-; thandVl(o-)    <n>    minuteness, moment
rúsh-at, grVss-at, -ad    <n>    gift (recycled?)
rût, turad-, i/urat; b/p(a)wn(C)Vm [OE. folma]; irn-, orn-(a,u) [#1 < *(3)arud,t-n-]; thi-, thwrVp    <n>    hand ~ arm
-sa-, -(V)sså, -i(ng)u    <suff>    (while, as, with X) ..ing
sa(b)båk(û)n(i)- / sa(b)-nint-l-/nwnt-l-    <v>    to work, (on); etc.
sadal, (t)sêd-(a)li, -allwt; thamak; (t)rw(hho)ntru-; chåndw(l)t, chwntål(g)iš; zêgat(ra)    <n>    window
salthe ~ swld-e, -u    <n>    liquid (substance)
-s/šân, -s/šilå:n (i/u)    <suff>    DATIVE PLURAL ?
sand-wl(l-), -u(o)(r); (k)af-, kat(t)-ondV-s, ki- ~ su-åndat(h); pVmptó; hrēma    <n>    circumstance(s)
sanva, sanvi(g,k); zwlthe, zolkni, zu(u)phuk    <n>    means, tool
s/šarap(p-), sarp-; trVhCang-, trakk/hk-    <v>    to sit (down) ~ to remain seated
sávak ~ thåbak; mi-pp/ht-or [#putur?]; ampåk; (y)anCur    <n>    air
sawn-, seon-, s/th/k    <n>    manner, habit (latter = yas(s)ang, ôpik); also an ADVERBIAL marker?
sêk- ~ zêg-    <root/pref>    nearby, close-by
síram, sêrVm    <n>    amount, quantity
sum(b)-; sôrot-C-, sorådl-    <v>    to hear
s-, k-un-ar, -urb-    <n>    plant (with stalk)
suolg-/sawlg-; kintl-/kontl-; od(V:)kask-; minkadd/tt-    <v>    to send
s(C)VnVrk [s-/k-/hi-]; Crå/u-fål(V)g-; ?mikahr-V    <n>    snow
shabik, thabik    <n>    rigid or difficult item (tangible) or concept (used interchangeably with k/thêluk which means the other thing?)
(tab-, h(n)Vb-)milt-; (C)akkirt-    <v>    to pour
tåhakk-i(C), -u(t), têwak(k-); kêha(l,r), kum(b)ahh-/ht-, kutsVnd-i    <n>    map
tal(a)b-; kit(t)ån, (C)HANT-, ha(m)batt-, Cunåmb(u)r-; l-/r-(u)onni; k/sîmang    <prep>    around, surrounding
tand-a(l-), -uk, takkwnd-, -nth(ô), -u    <n>    meaning vs. value, price
tar-, tur-Vllunkāph; (C)aphulnark(uh)ôsh; kor(u)thâshlug-mâ, -im(b)sha; mw(n)thârunk(h)il    <n>    dragon
tarim; pal(w)k(Vp,Vt)    <n>    passageway, corridor
tas(a)l-; ten(n)-ong; ada(n)gi, attång    <n>    gold, (as elem) of gold
taura, tatra; (V)hmaz-ul, (y)Vmmal    <n>    side, half
taztal(V)k-, tardalk-, tardwkk-    <n>    locking, lock
têlup/b-; h/kar-y/gôsh-    <n>    journey; traveling, being-on-the-road
têyur(d,g), tazyår-i(n,ng), -im, -wnt    <adj>    unwell, ill, sick
tê-/nô(s)-pang-; Cai-odl-    <v tr>    to measure
t(h)(u)nank-; m(V)rånk-; Vksant(hi/hu); ki(i)-s(t)/t(h)-ång; embul-/omb-Vl(k), -ri(s) [*im(m)-i/u-, *åm(b)-]    <n>    night [cp: Orel p. 58]
(t)lonz-, t(h)alånz-    <v>    to inscribe, carve
tôβ-an(t)/-Vn, kie-, kê-β-an(t)/-Vn    <adv>    with one, along (having brought ~)
tok(sakk)-, tuoks(i)-    <v intr>    to burn [tr/intr kattwl(C)-, kitswl-]
tom(m)åk [< *taw'm-, *tumum- if not from prefixation]    <adj>    brown, red-brown ?
twgVr, tiw3Vl, tingw-l, -t; ka(i)um-/(kat)tom- [< kādwm-]; kānit/th/s    <n>    peak, hilltop [Celt. tor, Sem. T-w-r]
twmbr- / t(h)a/umbwnth-; (C)im-/um-bakni-    <v>    to escape, flee
t(h)wrgi / b(r)urgi; måbirra/i; gudli; d/tâvuk    <conj>    because [?SS. kurgi]
traggank / pr-, hruggank; gimb(V)zó    <n>    vat, tub (bathtub)
trald-a [also with a prefix?]    <adj>    early vs. putting-in-store/(he) storeth [cråld-?] : nn 'storage(-place)' = masg-ål, -il, maggål
tram(mV), táma(g,k); n/rathar; ta(a)luC; yóntil-; kûnal(i), kundw-    <n>    place
trand(i)- ~ krwnd(i)-    <v>    imagine
tro-h/k(k)-, dro-h/k(k)-    <v>    to see, perceive, notice
trw(go)n(n)-; khâm- ~ thu(u)n-a(k); yangåt(h), yâpa(k); skwndli/kVhåd-la, -li; nul(l)andr-a/u    <n>    evening
trumbanc, (trw:)m(g)assur, tru-/kra(m)-mun-(jar,jVng,zil), t(w:)ra-nkwr/ngr- [+adj. suff.]; nar(az)zwnt; m/pVndass-u,a    <adj; n>    massive, huge; such an object or feat of construction
twdak; za/zuling(a); tang-an, -ar; krantha; tôphaC; (kV)prang; nôdal/il, nadlVk    <n>    foot, leg
tumang-i, -u, tam-, kim-bånc    <n>    barrel
twnang-; tôzi-C, tozVr; (fV)knimb-    <n>    well (of water); deep hole
tuotra ~ t(h)iotri; udwrn/undrV/andat(t)-; hînak    <n>    month
(th-, h(l)-, k-, p-)edl-o, -u, -i    <n>    water [< *ɬ-, *k.-, *p- or ʔ-] [NOTE: the 'Welsh-type' combination /-dl-/ is found e.g. in OSax. gibudli, gisidli]
t(h)âch-a(k), -u(k); yud/ssang-    <n>    any type of door (window?) with a board
thâfik; mašš-i, -on(a)t/C; hnar(d)(u)ok; mel(in)kha; (h/k)uddó(na); s(u)ol(bV,bVr)    <n>    hill (low)
tham(b)-, nam-azi; umpa(k), i(h)hank    <n>    cup
t(h)andli, (fâ)kandli; (lewm-, t(y)wm-)makat    <n>    wraparound, 'coat'
thellw; hnikki(n)tha [< PH-N-G/K.?]; g/hidl-, odl-angi    <n>    brightness; daytime
thānwk- ~ zûr(a)t(h)/p-; drwnz-; (C)re/rugond(y)-    <v>    to fill; to complete, see through
thobr-, thubr-(VC); nómak(k-)    <n>    suit; leather-jacket or armour
thonål, thVnal    <n>    floor (below one's feet), vs. thonar, sônar side, board, rib
t(h)ondr-a,u(o); k(h)a-, khu-(då)rd-, -Vni    <n>    stomach, gut, belly
thorma ~ t(h)/sVn(d)lup (-b-)    <n>    mouth ~ maw
(t)hrad-, (t)hrod(y)-, tr..    <v intr/refl>    to come to end (usually of abstracts), ?vs. trot('r)-, trand- to bend
thwnulg-    <v>    to be harmful, injuring (to: +Dative)
thurg-    <v>    to return, come or go back
Cu-nuol(-(â/û)p/t, -(ph,th)i, -(n,p,th)a, -u); d/pongwo / d/ponthV    <n>    south [the phonetic possibilities in the "suffix" < WGer, Cat/Frl, Est, Trk]
(-)udrwnn-, ywd-, mVnd-ra(n)g(i)-, hugrånt-    <v>    to climb
wftåg-o/i-r, wttåg-o/i-r, wttaj-(u), -aw    <n>    pine-tree
u(hå)ts, (h)åzzi, tiô, d(i)-/r-ôβ(å), ginyV, (h)rugan(t), umik    <conj>    and, as well
uit-, char-(ʒ)wlt-, -k/tibl-; Ci(C)-ung-r-; ki/ku(n)dar-C-; indya(n)k(i)-    <v tr>    to reckon, count (up?)
-w(w)kai; -w(w)kVd-; -ugd-i, -w:(n)    <suff>    diminutive
(C)uk(ka,ku)li    <n>    sound or movement of water; (with suff?) water
wkmwn-, wkkVb    <prep>    between vs. during
ul-d-, -k-, -ph-, -s-    <v>    to bring or fetch
(C)um-, kVm-ralb-    <v tr>    to turn, flip over
umba(l), omba(l); pran(thi); hâna(n)t; tôri    <adj / n>    one-time; instance, occasion
umbi(n)d-ur/âsh, umunkid-Vt/Vth; gussul(i,bV)    <n>    bee; wasp [= z/dVm-bulli/-bangli- ]
unk-    <n>    to arrange/order [topwise?] (which is actually the meaning of k/tunang- ?)
unk(-u), unnak-    <n>    storey, floor (+ layer?)
unk-ip, thwnk-ip-, -ība; hlarant-Vl, -li    <n>    arrangement, order
untol; Vb-/Vph-sa(n,nu)g, -im/-am    <n>    voice; ?sound
-u-(g)oht(V); -u-(g)ondV / -û-kan(d)/kol-; -u-(y,l,th)åmba / -u-ppa(m-u)    <n suff>    optional clarifiers for identifying a noun as a tangible material, solid (or powder), liquid or vapour
-up (-ub/-upp-), -Vp; -u/-a; -ul- (-al, -il)    <n suff>    possible equivalents of Slavonic masculine -Vk (nouns, Nom.)
uphVm-, yukub/m(b)-    <v>    can, is able, may, might [Go. ufto, etc..]
wss- ~ utt-imba    <n>    pillar, column
-(u)ssi/-(z,th)al/-zd-i-/-(w)nda(k,m); -up(p)-/-(a)phi/-(y,r)ab; -(â)råg; -(å)nûr/-(w:)nå/-unk/-eogV-n/-s [Frs. -on], -(r)thu/-(r)du    <suff>    TOOL NOUN [= Finn. -in (-im-)]
-(u)syon, -(i)sswd/l- (s/sh/t); -nVdj/-nâdj; ?-ā/ōki    <suff>    COMPARATIVE (*Adj; *Adv)
us-, (y)wtt-im(b)-(i)-    <adj>    significant, important
(C)uθθåd- ~ (ki)uzda; (hl)wgnonk/ng; ubrVd(dV,zV)    <n>    bottle
udh(u)r-, uth(u)r-, uzr-    <adj, adv>    far, distant
ustwl(g,k)-; trV:nu(o)ng; chandit/at(t-); yalchV(k,nk)/yangthó/yathak(uo)    <n>    metal
ut(C)(i)l-, utha-l-, -nd-; niwrak/ht-    <v>    to conserve, be frugal with, save
ut(h)yog-(i,wn?), udyost    <n>    wheel, cycle
√vat'r ~ w-k-r    <stem>    fire, bonfire; to kindle [Skr. vatara, Srb. vatra, F. varta-] = (verb "kindle, ignite") hru(n)gl(i)-; har(Vsh)sh-; h(w)ru-djrwn(C)- / undjwrf-
uz(Vnd,Vng)lu, uthô-la, -ra, g~    <n>    likeness, image
warnV(n)-kwmb(a), muran-kw/kimb(a)    <n>    zeal, passion [Go. winna-, F inno-, Skr. -tva]
wih-, yug-    <pn stem>    3rd person
wilt-    <v>    to be forced (by circumstances), end up (having, going)
(y)åbd-; (w)akud(d)-; za(n)aph-, za(i)-biunk-/-baunk-    <v>    to request, ask for
ya(a)m-, yan(g)thwnk; (C)rondal; (C)(a,i-)urgi; yôr-V,i(m)    <adj>    deep, profound
yab(b)-, yap(p)-Vs(a,w)p; djw(dw)nn-at, -a(n)gi; druk(k)w:n(a,i)t; pråtamb-; êhwnkVt    <n>    pier, wharf, dock
ya(g)im / ag-it, -ut; rund(ra); brullu/brûl(a)/(y)ubnul; tangni; flwnd/flûn(a)    <n>    centre
(y)agis(t) ~ (y)aphus(sa)    <n>    letter = message
ya(l)-, u-lumbi    <n>    region, domain
yanar-, yanur(d)- ~ kVniry-    <v (root?)>    to go, fare, travel [= n/zal(l)ab-; (t)ankad(y)-/akad-; zuan(C)-/zêyam-; ut(t)wb-]; to pass away (of time)
yånk- ~ i/(k)w-dyonk-    <v>    to take, bear away, lead
yastal(d-/l-), yasta(a)-nV-, -ru(o)    <n>    goal, objective, intention
ya(l)tr- / yalant(r)-    <v>    to hang (on a hook)
yêd-ak, -at(h)-    <n>    stair, step (collectively pumpar, -Vtta, -âk-iu/-una)
yok(o)l-, yok(k)al    <n>    = sea
yoltha(n-), yolîj(-i-); m(V)ra(a)thi; pim-in, -an    <adj>    new
yond/nk-ir, -ur, yontar(C) vs. núrat/th (+adj suff?); (V)psummal; hy/ki/tyôk-i, -al    <adj>    heavy
yosind- [i/V]    <v>    to dig
yot(t)-ål, -il    <n>    recording, book
(y)wgad/t-(C-)    <v>    to ride (travel) by horse
yVrmwnt-, ywrmakk-    <n>    hearth, fireplace
yub(u)d-, ywh(o)d-; kleutr-/klaup- (p/b); ikh-/(y)Vkh-zult-; un(h/dr)ånk-; taunk-; kithnung-; ad(V)sh(t)-; hazzVd(i)-    <v tr>    to enter, step into
yush-VC(C); birb-    <adj>    soft
yut(t)ång-, (p)hVttång-    <v>    forget
(y-/kV-)wttio; (tu)åph(r,n,d)-í, -ya; fut(t)up; i(m)buak/ibwhh-V    <n>    garment, piece of clothing
(y)uvvon- ~ (y)obbVnt-    <v>    to compare
zabak/zavag-; (i,u)gwr; tavant    <n>    land, region, large area
zå-/zi-nno(C), -nanc, th/hr-a(d)dwk/p; (ôda-, ôtVr-, parwk-)kuht    <n>    means of transport; boat [= (chwm)madVc; t(h)ålbí, t(h)a(d)duk]
zahanc, zuhunc    <n>    back(side)
zahh-V, ujja/w-h/k    <prep>    along, following; according to [= hlåbak?]
zair, zêwr    <v impers>    it fits; it befits; it is acceptable
zêbwr; pul-t (-thw, -thwn); klêbV; thônu(l,t)    <n>    sky
zêβag; ufu-t (-d-) ~ f-, h-uttu- ~ hundung-V(C); thâb/dVk; tål(u)p; wn(åj)ju    <n>    cloud
zêhok; pwndru    <prep>    outside
zang-å(å)t, -ûr; nôra(k); tholdVt    <n>    arable field
zan-ur, -ut, zinVr    <n>    hour
za(a)ph-i, -an    <adj>    small, minor (of amount) [small in size, little = (b)åkk(u)i; thundl-(wn)i; h/kêdap/b-]
zêbi(n), zagi(n)    <n>    age, time-period
zay(o)l, zêyal; mar(g)-ap/f, -ip    <adv/prep>    ABLATIVE PREPOSITION?
zidwng    <n>    iron vs. steel
zikkó, zinakk-; hebVl, hebr-a/u    <n>    nut
zin(a)t-; kēb-, kV:namb-    <v>    to permit, allow
zôg-, zuog-, zågumb-    <v>    to command, order, 'tell'
zokk-å, -Vn(t); (h)odai(V)k, (h)wzdí; yog(g)Vt(h), yobsh(e)o    <n>    finger
z(u)olthīn; (y)(u)ofik    <n>    space, room(iness)
zón-ak, -u(k); zVnåhtå; mVnwang; Vska(n)zir; ondash    <n>    peak, top; ?horn
zwph(ay,an)g-, zêphVg-; (C)wmbagy-; ywz(z)ad(C)-    <v>    to attach, fasten
zothr-, zuthr-; ishtV-hh-/-lg-, izzat-, ådjåt-    <v>    to creep (like a lizard)
zubur    <adj>    yet, still, (once) more vs. rather, very
zwnk/zwng-a, djwng-a    <adj>    full (circle, revolvement?)
zû-pha, -phi; djang-    <adj>    good


●  Inflection of Nouns: An Example Paradigm  ●

	Singular	*Dual	Plural
NOMINATIVE	drumul   world   [Asg. -k(w), -(n)w:k, -dV(k) / -(å)b = AG -r- ]	*-ks-, *-å(φ)i(C)-, *-φw-, *-(å)š	-li(n)/-vo(k,n), -(v)on(di)  [?-ôt+ni, def? || (Apl.) -ai(b,r) ~ -wa(r,θ), -(n)wδ(i) ]
GENITIVE	drumul-(i,u)ʒå/ʒi  [-βå(ʒ), -ti/-(V:)d, -(u,i)r ]	-ʒV-č-	-unhi(r)  [-uhh-, -ung-å- ~ -ugg-i/o(-m) ]
DATIVE	drumul-så  [-(ʒa)r/k, -u/wot, -aik, -ait/-ah(V)t ]	-så-č-	-unai(k)  [-unthi-, -ussi(m), -(Vs)swn ]
LATIVE	drumul-(ʒ)udaf/-zaf/-zif, -kib, -(k)a(d,f), -råg/-rig  [-V + -bbå/u-, -r/v(v)ång ]	-(Vb)bå-/-(Vf)få-č-  [-(Vk)k-/-(Vg)g-å-č- ]	-unV:p/f  [-Vn(d)-/-Vk-ki(m), -a/eppi(C) ]
ABLATIVE	drumul-(ʒå/ʒi)rd(V)  [-ldi/-ldå, -mbu ]	-(r)då-č-	-unumb  [-unyå(-m,r), -un(d)lå-, -úl(d)i-m/-r, -ld/rd-wn ]
LOCATIVE	drumul-(ʒå/ʒi)mak, -(a)gmi(V), -(ʒa)nda/i  [-(n)thi, -n(a)ud(V), -råk ]	-må(šV)-č-  [-b(i)rå-č-, -Vndå-č ]	-undi(r), -undår  [-ummVk/š, -m(Vk/š)wn ]
INSTRUMENTAL	drumul-(ʒå/ʒi)mblw, -m(Vkh)ól, -Vth(g)åb/håb, -th-l/nå, -(ʒ,s)wn(t)  [-(a)nV:r, -ôz, -djV, -(p)pwt/θ ]	-nå/wå-č-	-unj-i/o-, -aww-i-(m,r)  [-unråk/-wrkw, -j(Vr)wn ]

: Appendix: RWL 'Derivational' Elements :

	BALTIC, SOUTHERN FINNIC	GERMANIC [CONTINENTAL, NGerm.]	ROMANCE	TURKIC, INDO-IRANIAN
abstract/quality (-ness, -ty)	-gi-, -(ī)ba/be, -um-(a)s, -(d)us	-ī, -ith, -thï, -(ō)dï, -t, -(n)Vss, -(u)r	-ada/-at/-tat, -ez(a), -ia/-dʒa, -or	-ī, -lık, -luk, -y (< *-d)
body-part (back, head, limb)	-ka, -p/-(p)a, -va, -vu, -(y)a	-(i)d (-uδ), -(i)t, -k(a), -la, -(p)a	-dV, -eu, -eo, -nw, -pw, -bw, -za	-Vk, -Vl, -Vš, -t(å), -dʒe (-če)
distinct natural region	-(å)ss, -(e)ss, -(r)a, -(r)i, -v(a)	-(i)n(a), -(n)g-, -(u)l, -(u)r, *-(w)iz	-lw, -r, -re	-(a)k, -g, -Vt, -yā, -(i)z (< *-jŕ)
ordinal number	-ta(i)-s, -(i)a-s, -es (-enda-)	-to, -ta, -ti*n (obl. -ta, -tu)	-é(no), -o / -erw < *-t(i)u-/-āri-u-; R -lyea	-(i)nci/-(u)ncu, -om/-vvom
place where sth. is done	-la [Lith.], -maya, -nīca/ce, -(t-)uve	-li, -arí, -ei/-ya [smiðja], -hūs	-n(å), -derw, -o(i)r, -(r)ia/ie, -toiw	-Vn, -ne, -χāne/na
quick-born, energetic thing	-en(-s), -k(e), -k(-s), -m(u)	-(e)l-, -(i)ng, -mo, -m-, -t	-(e)c, -go, -lo	-(e)k, -(i)nč, -(i)q(e), -(r)ım/um
season of the year	-(a)d, -(a)ra, -en-, -(i)s, -ma, -v(i)	*-ist(az), -Vr, *-ra-, *-ru-	-iw, -(m)nə, -or, -ra(nw), -rn(V)	-ān, -ār, -istān, -ma, -Vš, -Vz
smaller game (non-avian)	-(a)v, -(b)o/-(p)ē, -(e)re, -is, -sa	-(p)a, -(r)ni/no, -(r)i, -s, *-sō	-(b)re, -ol, -pe, -(u)re	-āb, -(a)k, -ki, -Vp, -(š)an

—— <¤{}¤> ——


::  Lest Lone Pines Forget Thunder — There Rolled an Age of Thief–Kingdoms . . .  ::


-(ai)gí, -ssid, -úog, -(β)u(r), -ba-, -(o)u(n), -(ch)V-    <suff (in indep. prep?)>    INSTRUMENTAL
(a)oncú    <n>    realm
-(V)r, -dd(wr,ar), -(th)ir    <suff (in indep. prep?)>    DATIVE
-(b)(á)ir, -(a)it, -(Vtt)aor, -naog, -mí/-m(b)á/-(w)mm,mb [= Temp. Loc.], -thó, -thú, -in, -na    <suff>    ADVERB [-ly ~ Finn. -(a)n etc.]
bānagg-, buánagg-    <v>    to survive
beccwid, biccwid    <n>    tree
brod(d)ca    <n>    cup
broicc    <n>    tooth
casni, cathn-ao-, -ú, cossún    <n>    bridge
cā/cūt(h)aon-; mi-/mea-sseag-    <v>    to introduce; to reveal
ca(ssV)rt-, co(ddV)rt-    <v>    to avoid or expel, drive away [< F. = OIr.]
ceor, caor    <prep>    above
c(a)esswl-, cassúthann-; sathg-(a)ill    <v>    to be able to go, advance
cesni    <adj/n>    everyday (time of labour)
-ch(-a-/-ae), -(i)(w)g, -mm(on), -(m)ís, -thói    <suff (in indep. prep?)>    into, unto
cúnaph, cineph    <n>    past, history
cl/tlannoβ; m-/(n)g-orthi    <adv, prep>    atop, on
cnas (not 1L?)    <prep>    after, since
cne(g)omm / tin(d)eor / fichimm, fimmic, affa / ichtha / srammåcc    <n>    heart, centre
con(a)-il, -Vth, -iss    <n>    tale, account, story
cothor, cath(f)ob, caothunn    <n>    possessions, wealth
datt-, daratt-    <v>    to wear, dress/be dressed in
de(o)rc, de(o)rrag, dert(h)-    <adj>    long, tall
do(få)rna    <adj>    clean, pure
drofi-    <n>    wind
drwtha / sr(e)ath(a)    <adv>    too, excessively
[ druch-(il)    <v>    to increase, grow (intr) ]
dúr-al, -(s)ach    <adj/n>    cold
d(ú)r-uimm, -oimm; seodd-a, -i, sío(cca)t    <prep>    behind
eomb(ecc), e(o)nnåc, engVss    <prep>    toward, -s
f(a)occ-a, -idd    <n>    snow
flång-sotho-cc, -ch    <n>    battle
fonnog-, fonnunc-    <v>    to grab, take
fuicc-eon, -aon    <n>    window
-gao, -gú-C, acco(d), uccu    <ptcl>    furthermore, however, etc.
ga(o)ssu-th/ch, gadtosc, -a(í)    <n>    weapon, 'arm'
géåb, (-n)goib, (-n)gobu; tochVnn    <prep>    without, sans
glå-, gle-bhaicc    <prep>    after, behind
glethni, glethonn    <n>    level, plane / table
gochwn(n) / dochin(n)    <prep>    amidst, among
ialar, iatha(e)r    <n>    head
ionn-si(ai)r, -thoir    <n>    window
irco(b,mm); arthoch    <n>    passageway
irrac/g-    <v>    to choose, select, pick
isp(e)omm ~ uspaimm    <n>    age
-iub, -eoch, -ioch    <n>    TOOL NOUNS
(m)bac'r-, (m)be(o)c'r-    <v>    to recognize, know (sb)
maccwn(t)-    <v>    to go (on foot), walk
-mar, -(Vnt)åll, -(Vnc)ul, -ng, -(i)lóecc, -(á)og    <suff>    ABSTRACT NOUN
me(o)c-ir, -t, -ba    <n>    time (the general concept)
míoch; p/c&uuacute;tha    <prep>    along, somewhere beside; trailing
mlénach, t/clénach    <prep>    between
mragan(C-), mre(g)on-, mre(a)nra    <n>    day; west [Uralic *louna-]
mrin(n)occ; uchot    <n>    road, way
mron(d)a; tuld-    <adv? n?>    above / upside
muducc, muttucc    <n>    thought
munnach, mionn-uss; teárumm-ucc, -ná(th)    <n>    forest
nā(ltho)cc-, nāthio-cc-, -bc(V)-    <v tr>    to read
(n)gunaong, (n)g-, t-ondå(i)ng = tångfair    <n>    bell
-nna(o); -(m)í, -mm    <suff>    GENITIVE
-ón/f, -(c/f)ae ~ -(r)aí, -(å)(o)r, -r/c-ú, -(å)ch    <suff (in indep. prep?)>    LOCATIVE
oncro, t~, incro    <n>    house
-(o)ng, -úng    <suff>    PAST PARTICIPLE or ESSIVE-ADESSIVE
wntha(i)r, ontaiC    <n>    hill, mountain
p(e)ónra-, pa(dhw)rb-    <v>    to surround, be located around
prongo(th); smalåcc    <prep>    without
-(r)g, -(r)t, -ba, -bi, -(V)b, -nV(ng)    <suff (in indep. prep?)>    from, out of
ráf-wcc, -ott    <n>    cap, headgear
-ru/-(i)r, -occ, -(u)g    <suff>    PAST TENSE
rúbhatt; bondocc, minocc    <n>    table
safacc-, sabacc-    <v>    to imitate, copy
-sá-g, -ch, -haeng, -haong-    <suff>    'very, highly' (= (V)mress-ae, -aicc) vs. COMPARATIVE [cf. OIr. adamrae, obs. Turk. -rek, -rak]
sagall; luttang    <n>    journey
sall(úg)-    <v>    to steal
sce(o)thunn ~ sna(th)e-lg, -lc    <n>    field vs. trace, track
se(o)rg-    <v>    to forget
sm(V)órach    <n>    breath, breathing
sne(a)nc-    <v>    to solve; to decide
sogon (not 1L?)    <prep>    behind
sóm/mhach, saog-, túbhonn    <n>    beam
tádhul, tábheall; ch-/f-/t-un(n)wch    <v>    since, because
tamra(i)cc, tamrolg    <prep>    after, following
té-, teá-bhain(n)    <conj>    provided that, if
tao(n)g-ir-, -or-    <n>    land(s) [úntaor = city?]
ta(u)raímm = caombuss, ciåmbVss    <n>    beer
teandún    <n>    weather
tintha ~ túnchw    <n>    day
t(i)odocc, tádocc    <n>    hair (all hairs on head)
tíor-å, -(a)e    <prep>    for (the purpose of)
tonnra-    <v>    to close, shut (tr)
tron(n)ach    <n>    sea
tross-thae, -dae, -daog    <n>    realm, world
thaggím, thaggom, (w)tháon    <adv>    there, thither (?anaphoric)
(th)ammcí    <n>    custom, manner
(t)ha(í)d-ich, -Vch, tó(V)diph    <n>    nature
thílaing    <n>    tool, blade
utt-or, -ur, -aír    <n>    spine

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The non-real world morphologies on this page invented by Sami Paldanius : 2016 - 2017