ADVERBS ——————— aaf (oof) ................. "also, as well" ifšaar (€fšaar) ........... "it is possible, one can" [neg. _layth ifšaar d6-(+impf)/l6-(+inf)_] ithmaal (€thmaal) ......... "yesterday" b6-'€ðraa9 ................ "forcibly" b6-'akhH@ðaanuu ........... "simultaneously" b6-'aSlaaHaa, -'aSlaaHuu .. "successfully" bi-vTaaH; b6-'asfalyaa .... "safely, securely" b6-va(a)r/-vaaraa ......... "outside, out of doors" b6-goo baytaa/binyaanaa ... "indoors" [= _b6-gawwaa'iin_] (Gal.) b6-gassaa .......... "(over)much, intemperately" bað ken; 9al dikken/d6naa . "therefore, that is why" b6-khål €th€r ............. "everywhere" bi-l(6)-Hooð (-Hooth) ..... "only, just" b6-så/sifnaan; b6-ma/mispan "respectfully" [verbal noun pattern /mV12a3/ in Gal. : is.gd/JRjhWH] b6Siir / baSSiir (min) .... "less (than)" b6-qaal(aa) ............... "aloud" bi-šwee ................... "equally, evenly" bi-thkhooph (bi-thkheph) .. "suddenly, all of a sudden" [#1 = Targum Neofiti form; #2 = Gal.] dilmaa .................... "maybe, perhaps" hookhaa; t6naa, -n ........ "here(at)" [the short variant _kaa_ is common with prepositions] zimnaa H@ðaa .............. "once" (Fr. une fois) zimniin ................... "sometimes" Hað @thar; bi-flaan @thar . "somewhere" k6vaar .................... "already" [Gal. _min k6vaar_ "previously"] kadduu, -n; haštaa / håštaa "now" ki-ðnaa; heekhðeen; haakhen "in this manner, like so" [#2 = _hee'_ (Dan. 2:43) + _k6_ + _deen_ ?] k€-Hðaa ................... "together" (k6)miss-aa, -ath, -6thaa . "enough, sufficiently" [CAL entry: is.gd/quaS8N]; Gal. qq. _dai_ k6-šaa9aa H@ðaa ........... "for a moment" li-ð-9aaver / li-ð-9obbaar. "ago, in the past" [CAL entry: is.gd/11zftW] l€-Hðaa [pro _l6-Hiddaa_] . "very" l6-9ålmiin ................ "forever" [_laa l6-9ålmiin_ "never"] l6-'afra(a)š .............. "for an indefinite time, indefinitely" maggaan ................... "for free, without wage, for nothing" m6Haar .................... "tomorrow" min-qåðmath d6naa ......... "earlier, previously" saggiin (soggiin) ......... "much, a lot" [follows the noun; can also act as comparative according ........................... ... to Dalman: _saggiin (min)_ "more (than)" = _yattiir (min)_] 9að k69an ................. "up till now" 9ooð (Qumr. 9að, b6-9að) .. "still; furthermore, even" [Odeberg : Gal. _(9ooð) 9@ðáyin_ "adhuc"] SivHað (Siv9ath) .......... "a little, slightly" qåðmaa (qommaa) ........... "at the front" (Ger. vorne, davor) tammaan (t€mmaan; hoothaam) "there(at)" [/a/ > /€/ before /mm/ : is.gd/8idk7W > Phonology] tinyaanuuth (aa > 6/*oo?¹). "again" [CAL entry: is.gd/E9e7ab || ¹ sim. in _@laah+ii_ > _€loohíi_] PREPOSITIONS ———————————— óHar [@Hoor- +pn II] ...... "behind" (Gal. _Hooree/Hawray_) [= _båthraa min(n-)_] bi-zma(a)n; z6ma(a)n ...... "during" [= _b6-khutta(a)r_ (/u/ = Gal. /o/)] (b6-)goo [gaww- +pn I] .... "at inside of, within" [_l6-goo_ "into", _min-goo_ "out of"] b6-yað (-yath) ............ "by means of [= _9al yað_]; in possession of" been [been-/bayn- +pn II] . "between; among" b6laa ..................... "without, sans" b6-9iddaanaa d6-/di- ...... "as soon as" baaraa min ................ "except for, aside from" baathar, båthr- [+pn I] ... "after, in wake of" bi-glal, min bi-glal ...... "because of, due to" diil-, (Gal.) diið- [+pn I] "of mine, of my very own (&c.)" [follows the noun] heekh z6man ............... "(as) in the time of" Hólaf [H@laaf- +pn II] .... "instead of, in place of" [Gal. qq. _b6-H€lluuf_] yaath/yåth [+pn I]; l6- ... (accusative marker) k6waath, di-khwaath [+pn I] "like, as, just like" [= _heekh_] k6-lå-qvel (-qbel) ........ "against, versus" [CAL entry: is.gd/XmAqK3] l6-'óraH, l6-'appee, ...... "toward(s)" ... l6-Se(e)ð, 9að Se(e)ð l6waath [+pn I] ........... "in the presence of, at the place of; towards (sb's presence or person)" li-/lå-qSa(a)th ........... "after, in" (temporal) min [minn- +pn I] ......... "from; than" [not in _9im daar w6-ðaar_ "from generation to generation"] min b6lee/b6lii ........... "due to lack of, in absence of" min yawmee d6-/di- ........ "since, ever since" (min) qåðmath ............. "before, ere" (with time-nouns, demonstrative pronouns) 9illaawee [9illaaw- +pn II] "on top of, upon; (Gal. qq.) by, beside" [alt. voc. _9€luui_ (w/o suff.)] 9al 9€s€q / 9eesaq ........ "concerning, regarding, on account of" [= _miSSað_ in Dan. 6:5] 9al pu(u)m (9al pom) ...... "according to" [= _min t6nee/tonnaay_] 9im (9€m) [9imm- +pn I] ... "with (comitative); about, to [an at-hand issue/item X]; at, during" qóðam [qåðaam- (qomm-) +II] "in front of, before" (spatial) [= _b6-'appee_] t6Hooth [t6Hooth- +pn II] . "under, beneath" [with suffixes also _tuHt- (Gal. tott-)_] CONJUNCTIONS ———————————— aw / oo ................... "or" in (hin), ai / ee ......... "if, whether" [pre-labial variant _im_ || _in.. in.._ "be it.. or.."] aaf 9al gav d6-/di- ....... "despite the fact that, even if" @ruu,-m; b6gáyin/b6giin d6- "because" [= _min šuum d6-_ (CAL: is.gd/r02FpJ); _me-'óHar d6-; _9al d6-_] b6ram ..................... "but, however" kað (kath) / kið (kith) ... "when, as" k6maa/k6moo d6-/di- ....... "just like" [= _heekh maa_] 9að d6-laa; qóðam (9að laa) "before, /antequam/" [#2: _qóðam_ vs. _q(å)ðáam_] 9að z6man d6-/di- ......... "until" 9al m6naath d6-/di- ....... "with the intention that, intending to" [+impf] INTERJECTIONS ————————————— @luu, @ruu ................ "lo, behold" b6-vaa9uu ................. "please" (in requests) wai ....................... "woe, alas" yaSSiivaa ................. "indeed it is (so), for certain" INTERROGATIVES —————————————— eekh (heekh / haakh [Car.]) "how?" aan (haan); heekhaa, -n ... "whereat?" bi-glal maa; 9al maa ...... "why? what for?" [qq.v. Stevenson § 6.3. & Golomb, "Grammar" p. 58] kammaa (k€mmaan) .......... "how many?" maa; ma'i ................. "what?" man ....................... "who?" [_d6-man_ "whose?"] 9að aymath / eemath ....... "(for) how long?"